Objective: To develop a facial image generation method based on a facial color-preserving generative adversarial network (FCP-GAN) that effectively decouples identity features from diagnostic facial complexion characteristics in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inspection, thereby addressing the critical challenge of privacy preservation in medical image analysis. Methods: A facial image dataset was constructed from participants at Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine between April 23 and June 10, 2023, using a TCM full-body inspection data acquisition equipment under controlled illumination. The proposed FCP-GAN model was designed to achieve the dual objectives of removing identity features and preserving colors through three key components: (i) a multi-space combination module that comprehensively extracts color attributes from red, green, blue (RGB), hue, saturation, value (HSV), and Lab spaces; (ii) a generator incorporating efficient channel attention (ECA) mechanism to enhance the representation of diagnostically critical color channels; and (iii) a dual-loss function that combines adversarial loss for de-identification with a dedicated color preservation loss. The model was trained and evaluated using a stratified 5-fold cross-validation strategy and evaluated against four baseline generative models: conditional GAN (CGAN), deep convolutional GAN (DCGAN), dual discriminator CGAN (DDCGAN), and medical GAN (MedGAN). Performance was assessed in terms of image quality [peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM)], distribution similarity [Fréchet inception distance (FID)], privacy protection (face recognition accuracy), and diagnostic consistency [mean squared error (MSE) and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC)]. Results: The final analysis included facial images from 216 participants. Compared with baseline models, FCP-GAN achieved superior performance, with PSNR = 31.02 dB and SSIM = 0.908, representing an improvement of 1.21 dB and 0.034 in SSIM over the strongest baseline (MedGAN). The FID value (23.45) was also the lowest among all models, indicating superior distributional similarity to real images. The multi-space feature fusion and the ECA mechanism contributed significantly to these performance gains, as evidenced by ablation studies. The stratified 5-fold cross-validation confirmed the model’s robustness, with results reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD) across all folds. The model effectively protected privacy by reducing face recognition accuracy from 95.2% (original images) to 60.1% (generated images). Critically, it maintained high diagnostic fidelity, as evidenced by a low MSE (< 0.051) and a high PCC (> 0.98) for key TCM facial features between original and generated images. Conclusion The FCP-GAN model provides an effective technical solution for ensuring privacy in TCM diagnostic imaging, successfully having removed identity features while preserving clinically vital facial color features. This study offers significant value for developing intelligent and secure TCM telemedicine systems.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Hong's One Stitch Method in pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).Methods:A total of 40 patients who underwent PD in our hospital from Jan 2021 to Dec 2022 were divided into two groups according to random number table method,with 20 patients in each group.The control group was treated with end to end pancreatojejunal anastomosis,and the observation group was treated with"Hong's One Stitch Method".The perioperative indicators,complications,secondary surgery,mortality and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:The pancreatoenteroanastomosis time,operation time and hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the incidence of pancreatic fistula was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss,pancreatic biochemical leakage,bile fistula,hemorrhage,localized abdominal infection,gastric emptying obstruction,pulmonary infection,secondary surgery and mortality between the two groups(P＞0.05).The mental health score,emotional function score,social function score,energy score,general health status score,body pain score,and physiological function score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:In PD surgery,the application of"Hong's One Stitch Method"to perform pancreatoenterostomy is beneficial to shorten the pancreatoenterostomy time,operation time and hospitalization time,accelerate the postoperative recovery,reduce the incidence of pancreatic fistula,and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective:To construct a microfluidic organ-on-a-chip and evaluate its capability in simulating subchondral bone remodeling during the progression of osteoarthritis.Methods:The chip′s main body was designed based on the microfluidic technology and cell co-culture technique. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured adherently within the cell seeding micro-chamber, with the culture medium perfused at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min at the bottom of the micro-chamber. Evaluation metrics were as follows: (1) Assessment of the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip: The growth culture medium was perfused and simulation experiments were conducted to test the concentration differences and equilibrium times of the fluid inside and at the bottom of the cell seeding micro-chamber at various time points; live-dead staining was performed to observe the biocompatibility of cells cultured continuously for 3 days and 7 days at a set flow rate, which was divided into 3-day and 7-day groups. (2) Osteogenic potential of the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip: The osteogenic induction medium was perfused, and ALP staining and PCR were performed to compare the number of the black alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-positive cells and the expression levels of osteogenesis-related marker genes including osteoblast-specific transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), type I collagen (COL1A1), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and osteocalcin (OCN) under static, 3-day and 7-day perfusion conditions, which was divided into static non-induced, static-induced and perfusion-induced groups. (3) Characterization of morphology and size, and biocompatibility of extracellular vesicles (EVs) of three osteoblast subtypes: Three different subtypes of osteoblasts were obtained [endothelial-type osteoblasts (EnOB)-EVs, stromal-type osteoblasts (StOB)-EVs and mineralizing-type osteoblasts (MinOB)-EVs]. Their morphology and size were obtained through transmission electron microscopy and particle size analysis. Growth medium containing EVs of three different cell subtypes was perfused, and cell proliferation/apoptosis assay was performed to compare the biocompatibility of the addition of different EVs concentrations (1, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 μg/ml) for 24 hours, which was categorized into the EnOB-EVs group, StOB-EVs group and MinOB-EVs group. (4) Osteogenic effect of EVs from three subtypes of osteoblasts: Osteogenic induction media containing EVs from three different osteoblast subtypes were perfused for 3 days, and ALP staining and PCR were performed to compare the number of black ALP-positive cells and the expression levels of osteogenesis-related marker genes including RUNX2, COL1A1, BMP-2, and OCN, which was divided into non-EVs group, EnOB-EVs group, StOB-EVs group and MinOB-EVs group.Results:(1) Evaluation of the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip: Simulation results showed that the concentration in the top layer of the upper chamber reached more than 95% of that in the lower chamber and that the concentration in the bottom layer was about 96.5% of that in the lower chamber after 12 hours of continuous perfusion, reaching an equilibrium state of the concentration difference between the upper and lower chambers. The results of live-dead staining showed that the chip was biocompatible at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min, and the cell survival rate at 3 and 7 days of perfusion was (99.48±0.12)% and (97.07±1.05)% ( P<0.01). (2) ALP staining results showed that at 3 days, the perfusion-induced group showed the highest number of black ALP-positive cells, followed by the static-induced group, and the least in the static non-induced group. At 7 days, the static-induced group had the highest number of black ALP-positive cells, followed by the perfusion-induced group, and the least in the static non-induced group. PCR results indicated that at 3 days, the expression levels of RUNX2, COL1A1, BMP-2, and OCN were 1.00±0.03, 1.00±0.12, 1.00±0.01, and 1.00±0.02 respectively in the static non-induced group; 1.80±0.04, 4.05±0.37, 9.80±1.94, and 4.38±0.89 respectively in the static-induced group, and 2.45±0.23, 5.48±0.42, 91.50±4.56, and 10.82±4.96 respectively in the perfusion-induced group ( P<0.01). At 7 days, the expression levels of RUNX2 was 1.00±0.01 in the static non-induced group, 1.46±0.46 in the static-induced group, and 1.11±0.08 in the perfusion-induced group ( P>0.05); the expression levels of COL1A1, BMP-2, and OCN were 1.00±0.03, 1.00±0.13, and 1.00±0.09 respectively in the static non-induced group, 9.38±0.25, 14.27±4.35, and 84.01±4.02 respectviely in the static-induced group, and 2.39±0.08, 133.64±8.87, and 86.64±8.36 respectively in the perfusion-induced group ( P<0.01). When comparing the static non-induced, static-induced, and perfusion-induced groups at both 3 and 7 days, the perfusion-induced group demonstrated the strongest osteogenic capability. (3) Characterization of morphology and size and biocompatibility of EVs from three osteoblast subtypes: Under the transmission electron microscope, EVs from EnOB-EVs, StOB-EVs, and MinOB-EVs all exhibited a typical saucer-shaped morphology. The particle sizes of EnOB-EVs, StOB-EVs, and MinOB-EVs were (91.3±14.7)nm, (106.0±16.0)nm, and (68.1±10.7)nm, respectively. Cell proliferation/apoptosis assay results indicated that the optimal administration concentration of EnOB-EVs, StOB-EVs, and MinOB-EVs was all 1.25 μg/mL. (4) Validation of osteogenic effect of the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip on three types of EVs: ALP staining results showed that the non-EVs group had the fewest black ALP-positive cells, followed by the EnOB-EVs group, then the StOB-EVs group, and the MinOB-EVs group had the most. PCR results showed that the expression levels of RUNX2, COL1A1, BMP-2, and OCN were 1.00±0.01, 1.00±0.03, 1.00±0.02, and 1.00±0.02 respectively in the non-EVs group, 1.95±0.11, 6.78±2.04, 7.99±0.57, and 6.93±3.83 repectively in the EnOB-EVs group, 0.79±0.12, 5.68±1.53, 12.59±3.15, and 25.59±0.95 respectively in the StOB-EVs group, and 0.68±0.10, 4.36±0.69, 18.75±3.21, and 34.74±3.98 repectively in the MinOB-EVs group ( P<0.01). Compared with the non-EVs group, EnOB-EVs group, StOB-EVs group, and MinOB-EVs group, the MinOB-EVs group showed the most significant osteogenic effect. Conclusions:The microfluidic organ-on-a-chip constructed using microfluidic technology and cell co-culture techniques is capable of maintaining the normal growth of MC3T3-E1 cells, enhancing their proliferation and osteogenic induction differentiation. EVs released by osteoblasts at different stages possess osteogenic effects and can accelerate the bone sclerosis in the remodeling of subchondral bone during the progression of osteoarthritis.

Objective To explore the correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and periodontitis in light of cytokines levels,sex hormone levels and metabolism-related indicators and their changes during progression of the two diseases.Methods Twenty healthy subjects and 40 patients diagnosed with PCOS underwent full-mouth periodontal examinations to obtain full-mouth plaque score(FMPS),gingival bleeding index of probing(BOP),probing depth(PD),and clinical attachment level(CAL).The participants were divided into Group A without periodontitis or PCOS(n=15),Group B with PCOS but without periodontitis(n=28),Group C with periodontitis but without PCOS(n=5),and Group D with both diseases(n=12).Serum levels of luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone(LH/FSH),testosterone,prolactin,progesterone and estradiol,and the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6),IL-17A,tumor necrosis factor α and matrix metalloproteinase 8(MMP-8)in both serum and saliva samples were measured at the time of enrolment and at 3 and 6 months after enrolment and compared among the 4 groups.Results Serum MMP-8 level was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A(P<0.05).Salivary MMP-8 level was significantly higher in Group D than in Group B(P<0.05).Salivary MMP-8,LH,and LH/FSH levels and serum and salivary IL-6 and progesterone levels all tended to increase in the 6 months after enrollment(OR>1,P<0.05).During the follow-up period,serum IL-6 levels differed significantly between the non-PCOS groups(A and C)and PCOS groups(B and D)(P<0.05);serum IL-6 and salivary MMP-8 levels differed significantly between the non-periodontitis groups(A and B)and periodontitis groups(C and D)(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis indicated positive correlations of LH and LH/FSH with PD(P<0.05);testosterone and LH/FSH were positively correlated with serum MMP-8 levels(P<0.05),and PD,BOP and FMPS were positively correlated with salivary MMP-8 levels(P<0.01).Conclusion There is a correlation between PCOS and periodontitis,and their progression is accompanied by changes in serum and salivary levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum sex hormones.

Objective To explore the correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and periodontitis in light of cytokines levels,sex hormone levels and metabolism-related indicators and their changes during progression of the two diseases.Methods Twenty healthy subjects and 40 patients diagnosed with PCOS underwent full-mouth periodontal examinations to obtain full-mouth plaque score(FMPS),gingival bleeding index of probing(BOP),probing depth(PD),and clinical attachment level(CAL).The participants were divided into Group A without periodontitis or PCOS(n=15),Group B with PCOS but without periodontitis(n=28),Group C with periodontitis but without PCOS(n=5),and Group D with both diseases(n=12).Serum levels of luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone(LH/FSH),testosterone,prolactin,progesterone and estradiol,and the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6),IL-17A,tumor necrosis factor α and matrix metalloproteinase 8(MMP-8)in both serum and saliva samples were measured at the time of enrolment and at 3 and 6 months after enrolment and compared among the 4 groups.Results Serum MMP-8 level was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A(P<0.05).Salivary MMP-8 level was significantly higher in Group D than in Group B(P<0.05).Salivary MMP-8,LH,and LH/FSH levels and serum and salivary IL-6 and progesterone levels all tended to increase in the 6 months after enrollment(OR>1,P<0.05).During the follow-up period,serum IL-6 levels differed significantly between the non-PCOS groups(A and C)and PCOS groups(B and D)(P<0.05);serum IL-6 and salivary MMP-8 levels differed significantly between the non-periodontitis groups(A and B)and periodontitis groups(C and D)(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis indicated positive correlations of LH and LH/FSH with PD(P<0.05);testosterone and LH/FSH were positively correlated with serum MMP-8 levels(P<0.05),and PD,BOP and FMPS were positively correlated with salivary MMP-8 levels(P<0.01).Conclusion There is a correlation between PCOS and periodontitis,and their progression is accompanied by changes in serum and salivary levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum sex hormones.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the differences in gait features between patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular dis-eases and normal people,and to explore new objective features of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)whole-body inspection.METHODS A monocular camera was used to collect frontal walking videos of subjects,and the diagnosis results of TCM practitioners were used as disease annotation data;a deep learning model was used to estimate the three-dimensional coordinates of key points;the gait features were defined and calculated based on the three-dimensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs;differences in gait features among people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were collected and verified.RESULTS The three-di-mensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs were automatically extracted and 8 types of TCM gait features were calculated:step width,stride length,foot lift height,limb angle,left and right hip joint angles,and left and right knee joint angles.It was found that there were significant differences in the features between people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and healthy peo-ple(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The TCM inspection gait extracted by this study can effectively distinguish patients with cardiovas-cular and cerebrovascular diseases from healthy people,expands the research scope of TCM whole-body inspection,and provides new ideas for the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the differences in gait features between patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular dis-eases and normal people,and to explore new objective features of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)whole-body inspection.METHODS A monocular camera was used to collect frontal walking videos of subjects,and the diagnosis results of TCM practitioners were used as disease annotation data;a deep learning model was used to estimate the three-dimensional coordinates of key points;the gait features were defined and calculated based on the three-dimensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs;differences in gait features among people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were collected and verified.RESULTS The three-di-mensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs were automatically extracted and 8 types of TCM gait features were calculated:step width,stride length,foot lift height,limb angle,left and right hip joint angles,and left and right knee joint angles.It was found that there were significant differences in the features between people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and healthy peo-ple(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The TCM inspection gait extracted by this study can effectively distinguish patients with cardiovas-cular and cerebrovascular diseases from healthy people,expands the research scope of TCM whole-body inspection,and provides new ideas for the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective: To analyze the distribution and associated factors of high-risk genotypes of HPV in cervical infection among women in Shenzhen. Methods: The information on sociodemographic characteristics and HPV genotypes of HPV-positive women who participated cervical screening test from January 2014 to December 2016 was downloaded from Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Management Information System. According to the pathogenicity, the high-risk HPV genotypes were divided into 15 types including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68; and there were 6 low-risk genotypes including HPV 6, 11, 42, 43, 44, and 81. Chi-square tests were applied to compare the proportions of high-risk HPV infection among women who had different sociodemographic characteristics. A non-conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the associated factors for high-risk HPV infection. Results: In total, all HIV positives received HPV genotyping, with an average age of (38.08±9.38) years old. There were 9 979 (93.9%) high-risk and 645 (6.1%) low-risk HPV infections. The proportions of HPV infections for high-risk type in each year were 91.5%, 93.8%, and 95.6%, increasing with the screening years (χ²=54.79, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with women younger than 25 years old, women in other age groups (at age 26 to 30 years, 31 to 35 years, 36 to 40 years, 41 to 45 years, and 50 years or older) had increased risks of high-risk HPV infection, with OR (95%CI) of 1.67 (1.20-2.31), 1.49 (1.09-2.03), 1.71 (1.23-2.37), 1.65 (1.19-2.31), and 1.84 (1.26-2.67), respectively; compared with the married, single women had a decreased risk of high-risk HPV infection (OR (95%CI): 0.71 (0.50-1.00)); women received HPV testing in 2015 and 2016 showed higher risk of high-risk HPV infection than those in 2014 (OR (95%CI): 1.43 (1.17-1.74) and 2.03 (1.68-2.46)). The 5 most common HPV genotypes were HPV52 (25.1%, 2 670 cases), followed by HPV16 (19.2%, 2 041 cases), HPV58 (13.3%, 1 413 cases), HPV18 (9.9%, 1 048 cases), and HPV51 (9.3%, 993 cases). Conclusion Age, marital status, and screening year were associated with high-risk HPV infections. Besides HPV16 and HPV18, the prevention and control on HPV infections for HPV52, HPV58, and HPV51 should be prioritized in Shenzhen area.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological genotype features of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical infection and their risks for cervical precancers among women in Shenzhen area. Methods: A total of 2 717 individuals ranging in age from 30~59 years were recruited in 18 community health centers of Shenzhen city from March 1 to June 15, 2015 by a cluster sampling method. The results of genotype of HPV, liquid-based cytology (LBC), colposcopy and pathology were analyzed. The clinical sensitivity and specificity as well as positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values of the combination of different HPV genotype in screening the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 and above were estimated. Results: The HPV infection rate in Shenzhen area was 15.9% (432/2 717). The most common HPV genotype was HPV52 (22.9%), followed by HPV16 (12.7%), HPV53 (10.0%), HPV51 (8.6%) and HPV58 (8.1%). Compared with HPV16/18 genotyping, HPV33/16 genotyping had a higher sensitivity (57.1% vs. 42.9%, P<0.05) and an analogous specificity (87.3% vs. 86.9%, P>0.05) in predicting CIN2+ . The sensitivity of combination of HPV33/16 genotyping and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) positive tested by LBC in predicting CIN2+ was 75.0%, significantly higher than 64.3% of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) positive tested by LBC alone (P<0.05). The specificities of these two methods mentioned above in predicting CIN2+ were 83.5% and 89.2%, respectively, without statistical difference (P>0.05). Conclusions Women infected by HPV have distinct risks for CIN2+ according to different high-risk HPV genotypes. The top five risks were HPV 33, 16, 58, 56, and 68. HPV-positive women triaged by LBC LSIL+ combined with HPV33/16 genotyping may be a potential strategy for cervical cancer screening in developed urban area.

Objective To clone express and purify Schistosoma japonicum fructose?1 6?bisphosphate aldolase SjFBPA in E. coli and observe its expression in different developmental stages of S. japonicum. Methods FBPA gene was amplified from S. japonicum adult worm cDNA by using PCR. The amplified product was recombined into pET28a plasmid and inducibly expressed with IPTG in E. coli BL21. SDS?PAGE and Western blotting were employed to analyze and identify the recombinant protein SjFBPA rSjFBPA . Then rSjFBPA was purified by chromatographic purification and its purity was analyzed by SDS?PAGE. The protein concentration of rSjFBPA purified was measured by the BCA method. Furthermore SjFBPA mRNA was ana?lyzed in different developmental stages of S. japonicum by RT?PCR. Results SjFBPA was successfully amplified by using PCR and identified by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing. The Western blotting analysis confirmed that the recombinant pro?tein could specifically reactive to the anti?His?tag monoclonal antibody. The concentration of the purified recombinant protein was about 4 mg/ml. The result of RT?PCR showed that SjFBPA mRNA was expressed in cercaria schistosomulum adult worm and egg of S. japonicum. Conclusion SjFBPA is successfully recombined and expressed in a prokaryotic system and SjFBPA mRNA is expressed in cercaria schistosomulum adult worm and egg of S. japonicum.