Cataract is the world's leading cause of blindness, and surgery is the most effective treatment for cataract. With the development of femtosecond laser technology and ophthalmic surgical equipment, the application of femtosecond laser systems in cataract surgery is becoming increasingly widespread. It can be used in cataract surgery for corneal incisions, anterior capsulotomy, lens fragmentation, arcuate incisions and other key operations. Compared to traditional surgery, femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)offers significant advantages in precision, safety and postoperative visual outcomes. Its clinical benefits have garnered growing recognition among ophthalmologists. However, the key technologies and high-precision equipment for FLACS remain predominantly controlled by Western countries. In China, the research in this field began later. This article reviews the technological advancements in FLACS, with a focus on femtosecond laser technology, optical coherence tomography(OCT), artificial intelligence, and clinical application progress. The objective is to provide theoretical foundations and practical insights for the development of ophthalmic medical technology in China.

Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Guided by molecular networking, nine novel curvularin derivatives (1-9) and 16 known analogs (10-25) were isolated from the hydrothermal vent sediment fungus Penicillium sp. HL-50. Notably, compounds 5-7 represented a hybrid of curvularin and purine. The structures and absolute configurations of compounds 1-9 were elucidated via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, ¹³C NMR calculation, modified Mosher's method, and chemical derivatization. Investigation of anti-inflammatory activities revealed that compounds 7-9, 11, 12, 14, 15, and 18 exhibited significant suppressive effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.44 to 4.40 μmol·L^-1. Furthermore, these bioactive compounds were found to suppress the expression of inflammation-related proteins, including inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Additional studies demonstrated that the novel compound 7 possessed potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the transcription of inflammation-related genes, downregulating the expression of inflammation-related proteins, and inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines, indicating its potential application in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Penicillium/chemistry* ; Mice ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism* ; Hydrothermal Vents/microbiology* ; Macrophages/immunology* ; Molecular Structure ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/immunology* ; Cyclooxygenase 2/immunology* ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology* ; NF-kappa B/immunology* ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/immunology*

Objective To evaluate the performance of the artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled snail identification system for recognition of Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni and Tricula in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Yunnan Province. Methods Fifty O. hupensis robertsoni and 50 Tricula samples were collected from Yongbei Township, Yongsheng County, Lijiang City, a schistosomiasis-endemic area in Yunnan Province in May 2024. A total of 100 snail sample images were captured with smartphones, including front-view images of 25 O. hupensis robertsoni and 25 Tricula samples (upward shell opening) and back-view images of 25 O. hupensis robertsoni and 25 Tricula samples (downward shell opening). Snail samples were identified as O. hupensis robertsoni or Tricula by schistosomiasis control experts with a deputy senior professional title and above according to image quality and morphological characteristics. A standard dataset for snail image classification was created, and served as a gold standard for recognition of snail samples. A total of 100 snail sample images were recognized with the AI-enabled intelligent snail identification system based on a WeChat mini program in smartphones. Schistosomiasis control professionals were randomly sampled from stations of schistosomisis prevention and control and centers for disease control and prevention in 18 schistosomiasis-endemic counties (districts, cities) of Yunnan Province, for artificial identification of 100 snail sample images. All professionals are assigned to two groups according the median years of snail survey experiences, and the effect of years of snail survey experiences on O. hupensis robertsoni sample image recognition was evaluated. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, Youden’s index and the area under the curve (AUC) of the AI-enabled intelligent snail identification system and artificial identification were calculated for recognition of snail sample images. The snail sample image recognition results of AI-enabled intelligent snail identification system and artificial identification were compared with the gold standard, and the internal consistency of artificial identification results was evaluated with the Cronbach’s coefficient alpha. Results A total of 54 schistosomiasis control professionals were sampled for artificial identification of snail sample image recognition, with a response rate of 100% (54/54), and the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Youden’s index, and AUC of artificial identification were 90%, 86%, 94%, 0.80 and 0.90 for recognition of snail sample images, respectively. The overall Cronbach’s coefficient alpha of artificial identification was 0.768 for recognition of snail sample images, and the Cronbach’s coefficient alpha was 0.916 for recognition of O. hupensis robertsoni snail sample images and 0.925 for recognition of Tricula snail sample images. The overall accuracy of artificial identification was 90% for recognition of snail sample images, and there was no significant difference in the accuracy of artificial identification for recognition of O. hupensis robertsoni (86%) and Tricula snail sample images (94%) (χ² = 1.778, P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of artificial identification for recognition of snail sample images with upward (88%) and downward shell openings (92%) (χ² = 0.444, P > 0.05), and there was a significant difference in the accuracy of artificial identification for recognition of snail sample images between schistosomiasis control professionals with snail survey experiences of 6 years and less (75%) and more than 6 years (90%) (χ² = 7.792, P < 0.05). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC of the AI-enabled intelligent snail identification system were 88%, 100%, 76% and 0.88 for recognition of O. hupensis robertsoni snail sample images, and there was no significant difference in the accuracy of recognition of O. hupensis robertsoni snail sample images between the AI-enabled intelligent snail identification system and artificial identification (χ² = 0.204, P > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the accuracy of artificial identification for recognition of snail sample images with upward (90%) and downward shell openings (86%) (χ² = 0.379, P > 0.05), and there was a significant difference in the accuracy of artificial identification for recognition of snail sample images between schistosomiasis control professionals with snail survey experiences of 6 years and less and more than 6 years (χ² = 5.604, P_adjusted < 0.025). Conclusions The accuracy of recognition of snail sample images is comparable between the AI-enabled intelligent snail identification system and artificial identification by schistosomiasis control professionals, and the AI-enabled intelligent snail identification system is feasible for recognition of O. hupensis robertsoni and Tricula in Yunnan Province.

Objective:To analyze the differences in endoscopic and pathological features in autoimmune gastritis (AIG) patients with and without Helicobacter pylori ( HP) infection, and to explore the effects of HP on the clinical manifestations and disease development in AIG patients. Methods:From January 2022 to April 2024, 174 AIG patients who visited Beijing Hospital and met the 2022 AIG diagnostic criteria established by Japanese Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society were enrolled and divided into the HP-infected group (including current and previous infection, 77 cases) and the HP-unifected group (97 cases). The general clinical data, laboratory examinations endoscopic findings, and pathological characteristics of the two groups were analyzed. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analyses. Results:The vitamin B 12 level of HP-infected group was higher than that of HP-unifected group ((573.81±460.77) ng/L vs. (411.86±335.00) ng/L), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-2.57, P=0.011). The average red blood cell volume of HP-infected group was lower than that of HP-unifected group ((87.30±8.86) fL vs. (98.50±49.82) fL), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.16, P=0.033). The proportion of intestinal metaplasia in gastric fundus in HP-infected group was lower than that in HP-unifected group (50.6% (39/77) vs. 73.2% (71/97)), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=9.38, P=0.002). Conclusion:HP infection in AIG patients may delay the malabsorption of vitamin B 12 and the occurrence of intestinal metaplasia in gastric fundus.

Objective:To analyze the differences in endoscopic and pathological features in autoimmune gastritis (AIG) patients with and without Helicobacter pylori ( HP) infection, and to explore the effects of HP on the clinical manifestations and disease development in AIG patients. Methods:From January 2022 to April 2024, 174 AIG patients who visited Beijing Hospital and met the 2022 AIG diagnostic criteria established by Japanese Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society were enrolled and divided into the HP-infected group (including current and previous infection, 77 cases) and the HP-unifected group (97 cases). The general clinical data, laboratory examinations endoscopic findings, and pathological characteristics of the two groups were analyzed. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analyses. Results:The vitamin B 12 level of HP-infected group was higher than that of HP-unifected group ((573.81±460.77) ng/L vs. (411.86±335.00) ng/L), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-2.57, P=0.011). The average red blood cell volume of HP-infected group was lower than that of HP-unifected group ((87.30±8.86) fL vs. (98.50±49.82) fL), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.16, P=0.033). The proportion of intestinal metaplasia in gastric fundus in HP-infected group was lower than that in HP-unifected group (50.6% (39/77) vs. 73.2% (71/97)), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=9.38, P=0.002). Conclusion:HP infection in AIG patients may delay the malabsorption of vitamin B 12 and the occurrence of intestinal metaplasia in gastric fundus.

Objective To construct a non-drug intervention program for acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer and to evaluate its efficacy.Methods Through literature review and Delphi expert correspondence,a non-drug intervention program for acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer was constructed.By the convenience sampling method,200 consecutive children who received chemotherapy in the neurosurgery department of a tertiary children's hospital in Zhejiang province from February 1 to October 31,2023 were included as the application subjects,with 100 cases in an experimental group and 100 cases in a control group.The experimental group applied the non-drug intervention program of acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer,and the routine measures were applied in the control group.The incidence of nausea and vomiting,severity of vomiting,compliance rate of normal sleep duration and incidence of negative emotions were compared between the 2 groups.Results The recovery rate of the valid questionnaire in 2 rounds of expert letter inquiry was 100％,and the expert authority coefficient was 0.836.The Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.471 and 0.820(P＜0.001),and the final non-drug intervention program for pediatric acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting included 5 primary,14 secondary and 18 tertiary items.The results showed that the incidence of nausea,vomiting and negative emotions in the experimental group were lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The severity of vomiting was less than it in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).The standard rate of normal sleep time was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The non-drug intervention program of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children is scientific and feasible,and the implementation of the program can reduce the incidence of nausea,vomiting and negative emotions,reduce the severity of vomiting,and improve the standard rate of normal bedtime in children.

Objective To investigate the reasons for the inconsistent results between the vertical auto profile(VAP)method and bio-chemical homogeneous phase(BHP)method in detecting plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and provide experimen-tal basis for the accurate and quantitative detection of plasma LDL-C levels.Methods A total of 360 plasma samples from diabetes mellitus patients combined with carotid plaque admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of Ningbo Yinzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine during January,2022 and January,2023 were collected.The LDL-C levels of these samples were detected by the VAP method and BHP method,respectively.The VAP method uses software to automatically calculate the area under the LDL-C curve after centrifugation of the sample as the LDL-C level(LDL-CVAP)and the BHP method directly detects the LDL-C level(LDL-CBHP)by the special surfactant method.360 samples were divided into the consistent group(group A)and inconsistent group(group B)ac-cording to the relative deviation between the LDL-CBHP and LDL-CVAP methods.Group B was further divided into the LDL-CBHP on the high side group(Group B1)and LDL-CBHP on the low side group(Group B2).Groups B1 and B2 were divided into B1-1,B1-2,B1-3 and B2-1 groups based on the degree of relative deviation.The percentages of samples and levels of lipoprotein a cholesterol[Lp(a)-C],intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol(IDL-C),Lp(a)-C and IDL-C[Lp(a)-C+IDL-C],very low-density lipo-protein cholesterol(VLDL-C),total cholesterol(TC)and total triglyceride(TG)in each group were compared.Results The LDL-CBHP levels of 360 samples were significantly higher than that of LDL-CVAP(P＜0.01).The percentage of samples in group B was significantly higher than that in group A,and that of group B1 was significantly higher than that of group B2(P＜0.05).The levels of Lp(a)-C,IDL-C and Lp(a)-C+IDL-C in groups B1-1,B1-2,and B1-3 were significantly higher than those in group A(P＜0.01).The relative deviation between LDL-CBHP and LDL-CVAP in 360 samples was significantly positively correlated with the levels of Lp(a)-C,IDL-C,and Lp(a)-C+IDL-C(P＜0.01).The maximum correlation coefficient was found in Lp(a)-C+IDL-C.Conclusion The results of plasma LDL-C in diabetes mellitus patients combined with carotid plaque detected by the BHP method are significantly different from those detected by the VAP method,which mainly shows that the results of the BHP method are on the high side.The higher the level of plasma Lp(a)-C+IDL-C,the greater the relative deviation between the BHP method and VAP method.The reason for the high results of LDL-C detected by the BHP method may be related to the fact that LDL-CBHP contains irremovable Lp(a)-C and cholesterol carried by IDL-C.The VAP method can be used as an accurate method for detecting real LDL-C without Lp(a)-C and IDL-C.

Schistosomiasis was once hyper-endemic in Yunnan Province. Following concerted efforts for over 70 years, remarkable achievements have been made for schistosomiasis control in the province. In 2004, the Mid- and Long-term Plan for Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control in Yunnan Province was initiated in Yunnan Province, and the target for transmission control of schistosomiasis was achieved in the province in 2009. Following the subsequent implementation of the Outline for Key Projects in Integrated Schistosomiasis Control Program (2009—2015) and the 13th Five - year Plan for Schistosomiasis Control in Yunnan Province, no acute schistosomiasis had been identified in Yunnan Province for successive 12 years, and no local Schistosoma japonicum infections had been detected in humans, animals or Oncomelania hupensis snails for successive 6 years in the province by the end of 2020. The transmission of schistosomiasis was interrupted in Yunnan Province in 2020. This review summarizes the history of schistosomiasis, changes in schistosomiasis prevalence and progress of schistosomiasis control in Yunnan Province, and proposes the future priorities for schistosomiasis control in the province.

【Objective】 To evaluate the safety and efficacy of modified ultrasound-guided needle-like visible nephroscope (Needle perc) holmium laser lithotripsy in the treatment of 1-2 cm calyceal calculi, and provide a reference for the selection of clinical treatment methods. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 60 patients with single intrarenal calyceal calculi (the largest diameter 1~2 cm) treated in our hospital during Jan.2022 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy group (flexible ureteroscope group) and Needle perc group, with 30 patients in either group.The clinical data of the two groups were compared. 【Results】 Compared with the flexible ureteroscope group, the Needle perc group had shorter overall hospitalization time [(3.00±1.25) d vs. (4.00±1.25) d], shorter operation time [(44.63±5.42) min vs. (48.50±7.24) min], lower hospitalization expenses [(15 518±441) yuan vs. (16 872±903) yuan], higher stone-clearance rate [93.3% (28/30) vs. 50.7% (15/30), P<0.001], less increase of procalcitonin after operation [(0.02±0.01) vs. (0.12±0.18), P=0.007], and lower incidence of complications [3.3% (1/30) vs. 26.7% (8/30), P=0.030]. 【Conclusion】 The modified ultrasound-guided Needle perc holmium laser lithotripsy is safe and effective in the treatment of 1-2 cm lower calyceal calculi, with high stone removal rate and low complication rate.