ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of anterior seat inclination on sit-to-stand (STS) ability and balance function in patients with stroke, as well as brain functional connectivity based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). MethodsFrom January, 2024 to December, 2025, 43 patients with stroke were randomly divided into control group (n = 21) and experimental group (n = 22). The control group received conventional rehabilitation combined with STS training on a flat seat, while the experimental group received conventional rehabilitation plus STS training with a 20° anterior seat inclination, for two weeks. Five-times sit-to-stand test (FTSST) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were assessed before and after training. fNIRS was used to detect changes in cerebral blood oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), primary motor cortex (M1), primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and premotor cortex (PMC), and to analyze functional connectivity strength. ResultsAfter training, FTSST time shortened in both groups (t > 3.469, P < 0.01), and was shorter in the experimental group than in the control group (t = -2.065, P < 0.05); BBS scores increased in both groups (|Z| > 4.019, P < 0.01), and was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (Z = -2.250, P < 0.05). fNIRS showed that after training, the functional connectivity strength between the left M1 and the right PFC increased, as well as between the left M1 and the right S1 in the experimental group (t > 3.311, P < 0.05). ConclusionSTS training with anterior seat inclination can enhance functional connectivity in relevant brain regions, which may contribute to improvements of STS ability and balance function in patients with stroke.

Objective To investigate the effects of low background radiation environments in deep underground settings on the biological behavior of NP69 human nasopharyngeal epithelial cells(NP69 cells)and the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods A parallel control experimental design was adopted and NP69 cells were synchronously cultured in settings of three underground depths at the China in situ Deep-Underground Facility&Life Observatory(DeUFO)—ground level(DeUFO-0 m),1 000 m underground(DeUFO-1 000 m),and 1 500 m underground(DeUFO-1 500 m).Changes in cell proliferation and migration capabilities were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay and scratch assay,respectively.High-throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)was performed to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs).Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs were performed using the Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)databases.Results CCK-8 assay revealed that,after 72 h of culture,the absorbance value of the DeUFO-0 m group was 1.35 times and 1.27 times those of the those of the DeUFO-1 000 m and DeUFO-1 500 m groups,respectively(both P<0.000 1).After 96 h of culture,the absorbance value of the DeUFO-0 m group was 1.52 times and 1.41 times those of the DeUFO-1 000 m and DeUFO-1 500 m groups,respectively(both P<0.000 1).Colony formation assays revealed that the number of cell colonies in the DeUFO-0 m group was 1.59 times and 1.27 times those in the DeUFO-1 000 m group and DeUFO-1 500 m group,respectively(both P<0.001).The scratch assay revealed that the 36-hour wound healing rate of the DeUFO-0 m group was 2.22 times and 4.00 times those of the DeUFO-1 000 m group and DeUFO-1 500 m group,respectively(both P<0.000 1).Transwell assays revealed that the number of migrating cells in the DeUFO-0 m group was 2.08 times and 2.56 times those in the DeUFO-1 000 m group and DeUFO-1 500 m group,respectively(both P<0.000 1).Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed consistent upregulation of CELF2,CELF4,CGB8,GRHL2,and DMRTA2 genes in the DeUFO-1 000 m and DeUFO-1 500 m groups.Pathway enrichment analysis indicated significant enrichment of extracellular matrix(ECM)remodeling-associated pathways and gene expression regulation pathways in the experimental groups(false discovery rate[FDR]<0.05).Conclusion The low background radiation environment in deep underground settings suppresses the proliferation and migration activities of NP69 cells by mediating ECM remodeling and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms through the regulation of target genes such as the CELF family.This study provides experimental evidence for establishing a dose-response relationship between environmental radiation and cellular effects.

The lung function of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as "pneumoconiosis") combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) declines rapidly. Inhaled pharmacotherapy is crucial in the treatment of patients with pneumoconiosis combined with COPD. At present, pressurized metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, and soft mist inhalers are commonly used to deliver bronchodilators (including long-acting β2-adrenergic agonists, long-acting muscarinic antagonists, or their fixed-dose combinations) in inhaled pharmacotherapy. Peak inspiratory flow (PIF) is a commonly used indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of inhalation therapy. Patients with good coordination of hand and mouth, and a high PIF (≥30 L/min) can be treated with pressurized metered-dose inhalers or dry powder inhalers, whereas patients with poor coordination or insufficient PIF (<30 L/min) should be treated with pressurized metered-dose inhalers combined with a spacer or with nebulizers. In addition, the effectiveness of inhalation therapy is affected by individual factors, such as treatment adherence and pulmonary function, as well as drug-related factors, including the use of inhaled corticosteroids and the selection of bronchodilators. Inhaled pharmacotherapy appears to have substantial potential in the treatment of pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD. Future efforts should focus on the development of more effective inhaled drugs with fewer adverse effects and more user-friendly inhalation devices, as well as on optimizing inhalation treatment regimens to enable precision therapy and improve therapeutic efficacy.

This study was a single-center cross-sectional investigation aimed at identifying risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), with the goal of providing a basis for improving patient prognosis. Patients receiving MHD in the Blood Purification Center of Hainan Provincial People's Hospital from June 1 to June 30, 2023, were enrolled. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and potential risk factors for cognitive impairment were analyzed by using Logistic regression. A total of 278 patients were included, 69 patients (24.8%) of whom had cognitive impairment. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the history of cerebrovascular disease ( OR=3.109, 95% CI 1.310-7.378, P=0.010), old age ( OR=1.077, 95% CI 1.040-1.115, P<0.001), low dialysis frequency ( OR=0.270, 95% CI 0.120-0.606, P=0.001), low academic qualification (using college/university as the control group: primary school group OR=26.960, 95% CI 7.519-96.673, P<0.001; Junior high school/technical secondary school group OR=4.264, 95% CI 1.330-13.650, P=0.015; High school group OR=9.554, 95% CI 2.861-31.904, P<0.001), high β2-microglobulin ( OR=1.609, 95% CI 1.044-2.480, P=0.031) and high C-reactive protein/albumin ( OR=2.672, 95% CI 1.226-5.826, P=0.013) were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in MHD patients.

Objective To establish the judgment basis of ventilation pipe status by 0 daPa wideband acoustic immittance(WAI-0 daPa),and to assist doctors to determine the status of ventilation tube and determine the timing of extubation.Methods A total of 43 children with 62 ears aged 3-6 years old were tested by 0 daPa broadband acoustic reactance test.The normal middle ear function group were ten children with 20 ears.Children with secreto-ry otitis media more than 12 months after tympanic tube catheterization were divided into 11 cases 19 ears of clear ventilation tube group,and 23 ears in 22 cases of ventilation tube blockage group.A total of 107 frequencies of WAI-0 daPa were obtained.The Kruskal-Wallis H and Nemenyi were used to analyze the influence of ventilation tube status on WAI-0 daPa.Results The WAI-0 daPa at 226-667 Hz was significantly higher in the clear ventila-tion tubegroupthan in the normal middle ear group.The WAI-0 daPa at 226-500 Hz was significantly lower in the blocked ventilation tube group than in the clear ventilation tube group.The WAI-0 daPa at 2 000-3 364 Hz and 6 727 Hz in the normal middle ear function group were significantly higher than those in the blocked ventilation tube group.The WAI-0 daPa in low frequencies was less than 20％,the possibility of blackage of eardrum tube was greater.Conclusion The absorptivity in low frequency region of WAI-0 daPa can be used to determine the status of tympanic catheter ventilation tube and assist doctors to determine the timing of extubation.

Objective To establish the judgment basis of ventilation pipe status by 0 daPa wideband acoustic immittance(WAI-0 daPa),and to assist doctors to determine the status of ventilation tube and determine the timing of extubation.Methods A total of 43 children with 62 ears aged 3-6 years old were tested by 0 daPa broadband acoustic reactance test.The normal middle ear function group were ten children with 20 ears.Children with secreto-ry otitis media more than 12 months after tympanic tube catheterization were divided into 11 cases 19 ears of clear ventilation tube group,and 23 ears in 22 cases of ventilation tube blockage group.A total of 107 frequencies of WAI-0 daPa were obtained.The Kruskal-Wallis H and Nemenyi were used to analyze the influence of ventilation tube status on WAI-0 daPa.Results The WAI-0 daPa at 226-667 Hz was significantly higher in the clear ventila-tion tubegroupthan in the normal middle ear group.The WAI-0 daPa at 226-500 Hz was significantly lower in the blocked ventilation tube group than in the clear ventilation tube group.The WAI-0 daPa at 2 000-3 364 Hz and 6 727 Hz in the normal middle ear function group were significantly higher than those in the blocked ventilation tube group.The WAI-0 daPa in low frequencies was less than 20％,the possibility of blackage of eardrum tube was greater.Conclusion The absorptivity in low frequency region of WAI-0 daPa can be used to determine the status of tympanic catheter ventilation tube and assist doctors to determine the timing of extubation.

This study was a single-center cross-sectional investigation aimed at identifying risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), with the goal of providing a basis for improving patient prognosis. Patients receiving MHD in the Blood Purification Center of Hainan Provincial People's Hospital from June 1 to June 30, 2023, were enrolled. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and potential risk factors for cognitive impairment were analyzed by using Logistic regression. A total of 278 patients were included, 69 patients (24.8%) of whom had cognitive impairment. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the history of cerebrovascular disease ( OR=3.109, 95% CI 1.310-7.378, P=0.010), old age ( OR=1.077, 95% CI 1.040-1.115, P<0.001), low dialysis frequency ( OR=0.270, 95% CI 0.120-0.606, P=0.001), low academic qualification (using college/university as the control group: primary school group OR=26.960, 95% CI 7.519-96.673, P<0.001; Junior high school/technical secondary school group OR=4.264, 95% CI 1.330-13.650, P=0.015; High school group OR=9.554, 95% CI 2.861-31.904, P<0.001), high β2-microglobulin ( OR=1.609, 95% CI 1.044-2.480, P=0.031) and high C-reactive protein/albumin ( OR=2.672, 95% CI 1.226-5.826, P=0.013) were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in MHD patients.

Objective:To study the regional distribution, temporal trend, and health inequity of burn incidence in the world from 1990 to 2019.Methods:The data related to burns worldwide from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the database of Global Burden of Disease (GBD). Based on the number of burn cases and age-standardized incidence rates, the incidence of burn was observed by age, region, socio-demographic index (SDI) area (divided into 5 categories of SDI areas: high, medium-high, medium, medium-low and low, the higher the area, the higher the degree of social development) and country, all of which were expressed as estimated values. Joinpoint regression analysis of the age-standardized incidence of burns from 1990 to 2019 was performed using Joinpoint 4.8.0.1 software to observe the average annual percentage change (AAPC). Rstudio software was used to analyze the Spearman correlation between the age-standardized incidence of burns and SDI from 1990 to 2019. The global inequities of burn incidence were evaluated using the slope index and concentration index from the health equity assessment toolkit, where the slope index reflected the absolute difference in burn incidence between countries with the lowest and highest SDI, and the concentration index indicated the degree to which burn incidence was concentrated in countries with low or high SDI.Results:From 1990 to 2019, the number of global burncases increased from 8 378 121.71 to 8 955 227.68, with an increase of 6.89%. However, the age-standardized incidence rate of burns showed an overall downward trend, from 149.86/100 000 in 1990 to 117.51/100 000 in 2019, with an AAPC of -0.80%. The incidence of burns in the population aged 10-19 years ranked the first in all age groups during the 30 years. Among the six regions of the world, the number of burn cases and the age-standardized incidence rate of burn in the Americas were the highest in 2019, but these two indexes were lower than those in 1999. In 2019, the number of burn patients in medium SDI areas was the highest, and the number of burn patients in low SDI areas was the lowest. The age-standardized incidence of burns was the highest in high SDI areas, and the lowest in medium-low SDI areas. From 1990 to 2019, the number of patients in high and medium-high SDI areas decreased, and the number of patients in other SDI areas increased. Compared with 1990, the age-standardized incidence rates of burns decreased in all SDI regions in 2019, with the greatest decline seen in high SDI and medium-high SDI regions. Cuba had the highest standardized incidence of burns, while Pakistan had the lowest. Spearman correlation analysis showed that from 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rates of burns in 204 countries and regions were positively correlated with SDI (all P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient decreased from 0.49 in 1990 to 0.37 in 2019. The health inequality slope index decreased from 212.90/100 000 in 1990 to 59.12/100 000 in 2019, and the concentration index decreased from 21.77% in 1990 to 8.38% in 2019. Conclusion:From 1990 to 2019, the global burn incidence rates are disproportionately concentrated in countries and regions with better development status. A significant reduction in the global burn incidence has been accompanied by a significant reduction in these inequities.

Objective:To study the regional distribution, temporal trend, and health inequity of burn incidence in the world from 1990 to 2019.Methods:The data related to burns worldwide from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the database of Global Burden of Disease (GBD). Based on the number of burn cases and age-standardized incidence rates, the incidence of burn was observed by age, region, socio-demographic index (SDI) area (divided into 5 categories of SDI areas: high, medium-high, medium, medium-low and low, the higher the area, the higher the degree of social development) and country, all of which were expressed as estimated values. Joinpoint regression analysis of the age-standardized incidence of burns from 1990 to 2019 was performed using Joinpoint 4.8.0.1 software to observe the average annual percentage change (AAPC). Rstudio software was used to analyze the Spearman correlation between the age-standardized incidence of burns and SDI from 1990 to 2019. The global inequities of burn incidence were evaluated using the slope index and concentration index from the health equity assessment toolkit, where the slope index reflected the absolute difference in burn incidence between countries with the lowest and highest SDI, and the concentration index indicated the degree to which burn incidence was concentrated in countries with low or high SDI.Results:From 1990 to 2019, the number of global burncases increased from 8 378 121.71 to 8 955 227.68, with an increase of 6.89%. However, the age-standardized incidence rate of burns showed an overall downward trend, from 149.86/100 000 in 1990 to 117.51/100 000 in 2019, with an AAPC of -0.80%. The incidence of burns in the population aged 10-19 years ranked the first in all age groups during the 30 years. Among the six regions of the world, the number of burn cases and the age-standardized incidence rate of burn in the Americas were the highest in 2019, but these two indexes were lower than those in 1999. In 2019, the number of burn patients in medium SDI areas was the highest, and the number of burn patients in low SDI areas was the lowest. The age-standardized incidence of burns was the highest in high SDI areas, and the lowest in medium-low SDI areas. From 1990 to 2019, the number of patients in high and medium-high SDI areas decreased, and the number of patients in other SDI areas increased. Compared with 1990, the age-standardized incidence rates of burns decreased in all SDI regions in 2019, with the greatest decline seen in high SDI and medium-high SDI regions. Cuba had the highest standardized incidence of burns, while Pakistan had the lowest. Spearman correlation analysis showed that from 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rates of burns in 204 countries and regions were positively correlated with SDI (all P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient decreased from 0.49 in 1990 to 0.37 in 2019. The health inequality slope index decreased from 212.90/100 000 in 1990 to 59.12/100 000 in 2019, and the concentration index decreased from 21.77% in 1990 to 8.38% in 2019. Conclusion:From 1990 to 2019, the global burn incidence rates are disproportionately concentrated in countries and regions with better development status. A significant reduction in the global burn incidence has been accompanied by a significant reduction in these inequities.