Objective To quantify the mean fat fraction(FF)values of hip abductor muscles using the MR least squares estimation method of iterative water-fat separation(IDEAL-IQ)technique and to analyze the correlation between muscle fat infiltration and cartilage damage in hip osteoarthritis(HOA),age and gender.Methods Ninety-five patients with clinical symptoms of hip joint(HOA group)and volunteers(control group)underwent MRI conventional sequence and IDEAL-IQ sequence scans of the hip joint were selected.Hip cartilage damage was graded based on conventional MRI sequences(mild HOA group and severe HOA group),and the FF values of hip abductor muscles were measured for each group.ANOVA analysis and Pearson correlation tests were used to compare the differences between the groups and correlation analyses were performed.Results The FF values of hip abductor muscles in the mild HOA group and severe HOA group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There were correlations between the FF values of hip abductor muscles and the degree of HOA cartilage damage,age and gender(r=0.677,0.566,0.311).Conclusion The IDEAL-IQ technique can be used for quantitative research on muscle fat infiltration,and fat infiltration in hip abductor muscles is an important risk factor for HOA cartilage damage.

Objective To quantify the mean fat fraction(FF)values of hip abductor muscles using the MR least squares estimation method of iterative water-fat separation(IDEAL-IQ)technique and to analyze the correlation between muscle fat infiltration and cartilage damage in hip osteoarthritis(HOA),age and gender.Methods Ninety-five patients with clinical symptoms of hip joint(HOA group)and volunteers(control group)underwent MRI conventional sequence and IDEAL-IQ sequence scans of the hip joint were selected.Hip cartilage damage was graded based on conventional MRI sequences(mild HOA group and severe HOA group),and the FF values of hip abductor muscles were measured for each group.ANOVA analysis and Pearson correlation tests were used to compare the differences between the groups and correlation analyses were performed.Results The FF values of hip abductor muscles in the mild HOA group and severe HOA group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There were correlations between the FF values of hip abductor muscles and the degree of HOA cartilage damage,age and gender(r=0.677,0.566,0.311).Conclusion The IDEAL-IQ technique can be used for quantitative research on muscle fat infiltration,and fat infiltration in hip abductor muscles is an important risk factor for HOA cartilage damage.

The biggest challenge of breast cancer treatment is metastasis and drug resistance.Breast cancer metastasis increa-ses mortality and decreases the life quality of patients.At present,the mechanism of breast cancer metastasis is not completely under-stood,and the multi-step process of metastasis,namely metastasis cascade,is determined by the internal characteristics of tumor cells and tumor microenvironment.Among the factors driving breast cancer metastasis,the role of inflammatory reaction has gradually attrac-ted attention.The inflammatory environment composed of immune cells,cytokines,chemokines,and growth factors has an important im-pact on the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.By studying the interaction between inflammatory reaction,tumor cells and tumor microenvironment,it is expected to discover drug targets for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer metastasis.This article re-views the role of inflammation in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer metastasis.

The biggest challenge of breast cancer treatment is metastasis and drug resistance.Breast cancer metastasis increa-ses mortality and decreases the life quality of patients.At present,the mechanism of breast cancer metastasis is not completely under-stood,and the multi-step process of metastasis,namely metastasis cascade,is determined by the internal characteristics of tumor cells and tumor microenvironment.Among the factors driving breast cancer metastasis,the role of inflammatory reaction has gradually attrac-ted attention.The inflammatory environment composed of immune cells,cytokines,chemokines,and growth factors has an important im-pact on the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.By studying the interaction between inflammatory reaction,tumor cells and tumor microenvironment,it is expected to discover drug targets for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer metastasis.This article re-views the role of inflammation in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer metastasis.