Objective To explore the differences in peripheral immunological characteristics between acute rejection (AR) and acute kidney injury (AKI) after kidney transplantation. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 3 patients with acute T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) (AR group) and 4 patients with acute tubular injury (AKI group). The data from 3 patients with stable renal function after transplantation and 5 healthy individuals in the public database were integrated to draw a peripheral immune cell map and conduct functional enrichment analysis. Results TCMR was characterized by significant expansion and activation of T cells and B cells; AKI was dominated by significant expansion of monocytes. Although both had CD8⁺ effector memory T cells and mucosal associated invariant T cells mobilization, the activation intensity of T cell antigen presentation, B cell signaling and rejection pathways in TCMR was higher than that in AKI. Conclusions This study is the first to use scRNA-seq technology to compare the peripheral immunological differences between AR and AKI, revealing the differential characteristics of peripheral immune activation between TCMR and AKI, and providing a basis for developing non-invasive identification methods based on peripheral immune maps.

Novel biologics that redirect cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to kill tumor cells bearing a tumor associated antigen hold great promise in the clinic. However, the ability to safely and potently target CD3 on CTL toward tumor associated antigens (TAA) expressed on tumor cells remains a challenge of both technology and biology. Herein we describe the use of a Half DVD-Ig format that can redirect CTL to kill tumor cells. Notably, Half DVD-Ig molecules that are monovalent for each specificity demonstrated reduced non-specific CTL activation and conditional CTL activation upon binding to TAA compared to intact tetravalent DVD-Ig molecules that are bivalent for each specificity, while maintaining good drug like properties and appropriate PK properties.
Animals ; Antibodies, Bispecific ; immunology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; pharmacokinetics ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; ErbB Receptors ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; immunology ; Mice, SCID ; Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology

OBJECTIVE: To summarize pseudocyst of auricle governor square included surgical curative effect, the advantages of the analysis of the operation. METHOD: The governor of the central square in auricle pseudocyst incision, 56 cases were retrospectively analyzed clinical data, surgical curative effect and advantages were summarized. RESULT: Adopt the auricle pseudocyst governor of the central square of incision, postoperative follow-up of 6 months did not relapse. CONCLUSION Rectangle window method effective method of treating pseudocyst of auricle, able to cure pseudocyst of auricle, is a kind of simple, practical, and value in the basic-level hospital surgical method.
Cysts ; surgery ; Ear Auricle ; pathology ; Ear Diseases ; surgery ; Humans ; Otologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies