Objective To detect the expression of sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1)in colon cancer patients and colon cancer cells so as to explore the relationship between Sphk1 and oxaliplatin resistance in colon cancer.Methods The colon cancer RNA high-throughput sequencing data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),and the differences in Sphk1 expression in colon cancer tissues and normal tissues were analyzed.Human colon cancer SW48,HCT116,HT29 and LoVo cells were cultured,and the cells were randomly divided into blank control group,oxaliplatin group,transfected negative control siRNA group,transfected Sphk1 siRNA group,Sphk1 inhibitor dimethylsphingosine(DMS)group,and oxaliplatin and DMS combination group.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of Sphk1 and phosphorylated Sphk1(p-Sphk1)in colon cancer cells.ELISA kits were used to detect Sphk1 activity and sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P)content.MTT was used to detect the effect of oxaliplatin on cell viability.The nude mice planted tumor model of colon cancer cells was prepared and relevant interventions were performed.The tumor growth curve was drawn,and the expression of p-Sphk1 in the tumor was detected by Western blotting.Results The bioinformatics analysis of the colon cancer sequencing data in the TCGA database showed that the expression of Sphk1 in colon cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues.Western blotting revealed that the expressions of Sphk1 and p-Sphk1 in HT29 and LoVo cells were higher than those in SW48 and HCT116 cells.ELISA detection found that the activity of Sphk1 in HT29 and LoVo cells was significantly higher than that in SW48 and HCT116 cells.MTT assay indicated that HT29 and LoVo cells showed drug resistance to oxaliplatin,and blocking the expression of Sphk1 with Sphk1 siRNA could restore the sensitivity of cells to oxaliplatin.Compared with the single application,the combined application of DMS and oxaliplatin could synergistically inhibit the viability of tumor cells,the activity of Sphk1 and the expression of S1P.In the nude mouse xenograft tumor models of colon cancer cells,the inhibitory effect of the combined administration of oxaliplatin and DMS on the growth of xenograft tumors was significantly stronger than the inhibitory effect of the single administration group,and it could synergistically reduce the expression of p-Sphk1 in the xenograft tumors and the concentration of S1P in the animal serum.Conclusion The expression and activation of Sphk1 are related to the sensitivity of colon cancer to oxaliplatin.Blocking Sphk1 can reverse the resistance of colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin and enhance the effects of oxaliplatin in vitro and in vivo.

Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CNS) and Gilbert syndrome (GS; OMIM: 143500) are rare autosomal recessive diseases that cause unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to decreased UGT1A1 enzyme activity. Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 2 (CNS2; OMIM: 606785) increases the risk of gallbladder stone formation and cholecystitis, while GS seldom causes health issues. We found a 28-year-old male patient with recurring right upper abdomen pain who experienced persistent jaundice from birth. CNS2 with gallbladder stones and cholecystitis was diagnosed after genetic testing revealed rare double homozygous mutations A(TA)₇TAA (rs3064744) and P229Q (rs35350960) in the UGT1A1 gene. After pedigree investigation, we found that the patient's parents with modestly increased bilirubin had compound heterozygous mutations A(TA)₇TAA and P229Q, which were GS. Bioinformatics analysis showed that A(TA)₇TAA is in the TATA-box region of the gene UGT1A1 promoter, affecting gene transcriptional initiation, whereas P229Q modifies protein three-dimensional structure and may be harmful. In this pedigree, double homozygous mutations have a more severe phenotype than compound heterozygous mutations. Inherited causes of hyperbilirubinemia should be suspected after ruling out biliary obstruction, and early bilirubin reduction (< 103 µmol/L (6 mg/dL)) may reduce the risk of complications like cholecystitis in CNS2 patients, though further studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm this observation.
Humans ; Male ; Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics* ; Adult ; Crigler-Najjar Syndrome/complications* ; Cholecystitis/etiology* ; Homozygote ; Mutation ; Pedigree

Objective: To design and establish a new method for flow cytometry-based detection of commonly observed highly expressed antigens on red blood cells, and to further evaluate the differences and distribution characteristics of antigen expression levels between ABO blood type homozygotes and heterozygotes in healthy individuals. Methods: Residual blood samples after donor blood type identification by Shanghai Blood Center in April 2024 were collected. Among them, samples of 19 homozygous and 19 heterozygous individuals of type A and type B were selected. Then the expression level of ABO antigen on red blood cells were detected using the new method established in this study and the traditional aldehyde fixed red blood cell method. Both methods were tested independently three times and the results were compared. Results: The mean values of the three detection results of the new method was (×10 /RBC): AA homozygous 3.3±0.5, AO heterozygous 2.8±0.3, BB homozygous 3.6±0.3, BO heterozygous 3.1±2.8. The mean values of the three detection results of the aldehyde fixation method were AA homozygous 5.9±0.9, AO heterozygous 5.0±1.4, BB homozygous 3.8±0.6, and BO heterozygous 3.3±0.4. The average antigen distribution of each genotype followed a normal distribution. Comparing the average antigen expression levels of homozygotes and heterozygotes, both methods showed that A/B homozygotes had higher antigen levels than heterozygotes, with AA being 1.17 to 1.18 times that of AO and BB being 1.15 to 1.16 times that of BO. Comparing the inter batch differences in the three test results of two methods, the new method showed no significant difference in the three test results for four genotypes (P>0.05). The aldehyde fixation method showed significant differences in the test results for all three genotypes (P<0.01) except for BB homozygotes (P>0.05). The reliability and reproducibility of the new method were better than those of the traditional aldehyde fixation method. Conclusion: The antigen expression level of ABO homozygotes is higher than that of heterozygotes, and the difference in antigen level between type A homozygotes and heterozygotes is slightly higher than that of type B. The new method is superior to traditional aldolization fixation methods.

Objective:To investigate the level of occupational health literacy (OHL) among workers in the electronic manufacturing industry, analyze the influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for occupational health promotion work.Methods:From July to September 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted, and 870 workers from 20 large, medium, small and micro electronic manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects. The OHL level of workers was investigated by using the "Personal Questionnaire for Monitoring and Surveying Occupational Health Literacy of National Key Populations", and the influencing factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results:The OHL level of workers in electronic manufacturing industry was 36.09% (314/870). The OHL levels in the four dimensions of occupational health legal knowledge, basic knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy work methods and behaviors, and basic skills of occupational health protection were 39.08% (340/870), 78.97% (687/870), 56.55% (492/870), and 22.41% (195/870), respectively. logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school, senior high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school education, and average monthly income of 5000-6999 yuan and ≥7000 yuan were protective factors for high OHL levels among workers ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The OHL level of workers in the electronic manufacturing industry is relatively low, and the promotion and intervention of OHL should be actively carried out to effectively improve the health literacy level of workers, focusing on workers with low education and low income.

Objective To detect the expression of sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1)in colon cancer patients and colon cancer cells so as to explore the relationship between Sphk1 and oxaliplatin resistance in colon cancer.Methods The colon cancer RNA high-throughput sequencing data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),and the differences in Sphk1 expression in colon cancer tissues and normal tissues were analyzed.Human colon cancer SW48,HCT116,HT29 and LoVo cells were cultured,and the cells were randomly divided into blank control group,oxaliplatin group,transfected negative control siRNA group,transfected Sphk1 siRNA group,Sphk1 inhibitor dimethylsphingosine(DMS)group,and oxaliplatin and DMS combination group.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of Sphk1 and phosphorylated Sphk1(p-Sphk1)in colon cancer cells.ELISA kits were used to detect Sphk1 activity and sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P)content.MTT was used to detect the effect of oxaliplatin on cell viability.The nude mice planted tumor model of colon cancer cells was prepared and relevant interventions were performed.The tumor growth curve was drawn,and the expression of p-Sphk1 in the tumor was detected by Western blotting.Results The bioinformatics analysis of the colon cancer sequencing data in the TCGA database showed that the expression of Sphk1 in colon cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues.Western blotting revealed that the expressions of Sphk1 and p-Sphk1 in HT29 and LoVo cells were higher than those in SW48 and HCT116 cells.ELISA detection found that the activity of Sphk1 in HT29 and LoVo cells was significantly higher than that in SW48 and HCT116 cells.MTT assay indicated that HT29 and LoVo cells showed drug resistance to oxaliplatin,and blocking the expression of Sphk1 with Sphk1 siRNA could restore the sensitivity of cells to oxaliplatin.Compared with the single application,the combined application of DMS and oxaliplatin could synergistically inhibit the viability of tumor cells,the activity of Sphk1 and the expression of S1P.In the nude mouse xenograft tumor models of colon cancer cells,the inhibitory effect of the combined administration of oxaliplatin and DMS on the growth of xenograft tumors was significantly stronger than the inhibitory effect of the single administration group,and it could synergistically reduce the expression of p-Sphk1 in the xenograft tumors and the concentration of S1P in the animal serum.Conclusion The expression and activation of Sphk1 are related to the sensitivity of colon cancer to oxaliplatin.Blocking Sphk1 can reverse the resistance of colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin and enhance the effects of oxaliplatin in vitro and in vivo.

Objective:To investigate the level of occupational health literacy (OHL) among workers in the electronic manufacturing industry, analyze the influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for occupational health promotion work.Methods:From July to September 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted, and 870 workers from 20 large, medium, small and micro electronic manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects. The OHL level of workers was investigated by using the "Personal Questionnaire for Monitoring and Surveying Occupational Health Literacy of National Key Populations", and the influencing factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results:The OHL level of workers in electronic manufacturing industry was 36.09% (314/870). The OHL levels in the four dimensions of occupational health legal knowledge, basic knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy work methods and behaviors, and basic skills of occupational health protection were 39.08% (340/870), 78.97% (687/870), 56.55% (492/870), and 22.41% (195/870), respectively. logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school, senior high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school education, and average monthly income of 5000-6999 yuan and ≥7000 yuan were protective factors for high OHL levels among workers ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The OHL level of workers in the electronic manufacturing industry is relatively low, and the promotion and intervention of OHL should be actively carried out to effectively improve the health literacy level of workers, focusing on workers with low education and low income.

Objective To establish a trimethyltin chloride (TMT) -induced learning and memory impairment model in rats, and to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of ferulic acid. Methods Specific pathogen-free male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, TMT intoxication group, fluoxetine group and 25, 50, 100 mg/kg ferulic acid group. The rats in the last five groups were injected with a dose of 8 mg/kg body weight TMT solution, and the rats in control group were injected with the same volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. After 24 hours of TMT injection, the rats in fluoxetine group were treated 10 mg/kg body weight of fluoxetine, the rats in the three ferulic acid groups were treated with ferulic acid at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The rats in the control group and TMT intoxication group were treated with the same volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, once per day for continuous gavage for 28 days. Morris water maze experiment and light-dark box test were used to assess the learning and memory abilities of the rats. The mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the rat hippocampus were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the rat hippocampus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the control group, rats of TMT intoxication group on day four had prolonged escape latency (P<0.05), fewer platform crossing (P<0.05), shorter time spent in the target quadrant and shorter latency to enter the dark compartment (all P<0.05). The mRNA and protein relative expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β increased (all P<0.05), ROS and MDA levels increased (all P<0.05), SOD and CAT activities decreased (all P<0.05) in the rat hippocampus of TMT intoxication group on day four compared with that of the control group. Except for the terms of escape latency and target quadrant period of the rats in the 25 mg/kg ferulic acid group, rats in three ferulic acid groups on day four had lower escape latency (all P<0.05), more platform crossing (all P<0.05), longer period in the target quadrant and longer latency to enter the dark compartment (all P<0.05), compared with TMT intoxication group. Except for the relative protein expression of TNF-α in the rats of 50 mg/kg ferulic acid group, the mRNA and protein expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β decreased (all P<0.05), ROS and MDA levels were reduced (all P<0.05), and the activities of SOD and CAT increased (all P<0.05) in the hippocampus of rats of 50 and 100 mg/kg ferulic acid groups compared with TMT intoxication group. Conclusion Ferulic acid can reverse TMT-induced learning and memory impairment in rats, and its mechanism of action may be related to alleviating oxidative stress damage and excessive inflammatory response in rat hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effects of long-term exposure to three new types of light emitting diode (LED) sources on the behavior, learning, and memory of rats. Methods A total of 160 specific pathogen-free SD rats were divided into eight groups as followed, trichromatic fluorescent lamps color temperature control group, violet-chip full-spectrum white LED group, blue-chip white LED group, and blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group based on the light sources types, with color temperature of 4 000 K and 6 500 K groups in each group using the 4×2 factorial design. There were 20 rats in each group, with half of the rats were males and half females. Rats were exposed to artificial lighting, and the illumination was set at 750 lx. The rats in each group were exposed to different lighting environments for 12 hours per day for 24 weeks. The open-field and step-down tests were conducted in rats after 24 weeks exposure, followed by sacrifice of rats and measurement of organ coefficients. Differences in body weight, organ coefficients, and neurobehavioral indexes of rats in different groups were compared. Results The spleen coefficient of female rats decreased in blue-chip white LED of 6 500 K color temperature group, and the liver coefficient of male rats decreased in the violet-chip full-spectrum white LED of 4 000 K color temperature, blue-chip full-spectrum white LED of 4 000 K color temperature, and blue-chip full-spectrum white LED of 6 500 K color temperature groups, compared with the same-sex rats in trichromatic fluorescent lamps with same-color temperature control group (all P<0.05). The result of different types of light sources compared in the open-field test showed that the index of total distance and movement speed of female rats in the blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group were lower than those in the other three groups, and the time cost to the central area was longer than that in the blue-chip white LED group and the violet-chip full-spectrum white LED group (all P<0.05). The total distance and movement speed of male rats in the blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group were longer or higher than those in the violet-chip full-spectrum white LED group (all P<0.05). Based on the comparison of color temperature, the time and total distance of male rats in 6 500 K color temperature group were lower than that in the 4 000 K color temperature group (both P<0.05). In the step-down test, both male and female rats in the blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group made more errors compared with other three groups with the same gender (all P<0.05). Conclusion Based on the experimental conditions of this study, the blue-chip full-spectrum white light LED affects behavior, learning and memory of the rats, and trichromatic fluorescent lamp has the lowest effect on neurobehavior. The color temperature also affects behavior of the rats, and high color temperature has higher risk.

{L-End}Objective To establish the norm of Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS) for electronic manufacturing industry workers in China. {L-End}Methods A total of 3 049 workers from five electronic manufacturing enterprises in four prefecture-level cities concentrated distribution of the electronics manufacturing industry in China were selected as research subjects using a stratified sampling method. COSS was used to investigate occupational stress levels, and the mean norm, percentile norm and threshold norms were established. {L-End}Results The average score of COSS for the electronic manufacturing industry workers in China was (43.5±7.4) points, and the average scores of social support, organization and reward, demand and effort, and autonomy dimensions were (9.5±3.1), (15.1±3.9), (13.1±3.0), and (5.7±2.0) points, respectively. A total score of 0.0-<47.0 points was determined as no occupational stress, 47.0-<51.0 points as mild occupational stress, 51.0-≤54.0 points as moderate occupational stress, and >54.0 points as severe occupational stress. {L-End}Conclusion The norm of COSS for workers in China's electronics manufacturing industry has been established, which can provide a reference for the evaluation and intervention of their occupational stress levels.

Objective:To systematically describe the characteristics and trends of clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices from 2016 to 2020 in China.Methods:Clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices conducted in China from 2016 to 2020 were identified through ClinicalTrials.gov and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry using predetermined search strings. Data on indications, medical device, sponsor type, and study design were collected and analyzed.Results:From 2016 to 2020, 118 registered clinical studies were identified and analyzed, among which 100 trials (84.7%) were initiated by medical institutions and the remaining were initiated by medical device enterprises. The number of studies increased from 12 to 42 from 2016 to 2020 with an average annual growth rate of 39.6%. For indication types, there are 90(76.3%) studies on skin defects, followed by 21(17.8%) on maxillofacial defects, 5(4.2%) on hair defects and 2(1.7%) on breast defects. The top four indications were scars, acne, nasolabial folds, and port-wine stains. For device types, photoelectric devices were involved in 73(61.9%) studies, followed by surgical devices [20(16.9%)] and injection devices [19(16.1%)]. Laser devices were the research focus among all photoelectric device categories. There were 11 clinical studies on scar treatment using laser treatment equipment, of which 6 trials applied parallel controlled study design, and the remaining trials applied self-controlled design. The sample size of these 11 trials ranged from 15 to 110.Conclusions:The number of registered clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices kept growing in the last few years. Skin related indications and photoelectric devices have become the hot spot in the field.