Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown.We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis(JE)in the coastal provinces of China. Methods In this study,we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China(Guangdong,Zhejiang,and Shandong)from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1,G3,and G5. Results Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong(92 patients),Zhejiang(192 patients),and Guangdong(77 patients),China,from 2018 to 2020.Seventy of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with JEV.Two cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV,32 with G3 JEV,and two with G5 JEV. Conclusion G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype,and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.

Objective To analyze the clinical value of susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI)and arterial spin labeling imaging(ASL)in the prediction of hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 80 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Guangdong Tongjiang Hospital from December 2021 to November 2023,before and within 24 h after thrombolytic therapy,were enrolled,and all of them underwent computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),SWI and ASL sequential scanning.The brush sign and asymmetrical cortical venous sign of patients were analyzed,and the diagnostic value of SWI and ASL for cerebral hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis was compared.Eleven patients with cerebral hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis were included in hemorrhagic transformation group,while the other 69 patients without hemorrhagic transformation were included in non-hemorrhagic transformation group.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors of hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis.Results The positive rates of brush sign and asymmetric cortical vein sign were 71.25%(57/80)and 68.75%(55/80)by SWI scanning before thrombolysis in 80 patients with acute ischemic stroke,while those were 16.25%(13/80)and 15.00%(12/80)after thrombolysis.The differences between brush sign and asymmetric cortical venous sign detected by SWI before and after thrombolysis were statistically significant(P<0.05).SWIversus ASL had sensitivity of 90.91%(10/11)versus72.73%(8/11),specificity of 95.65%(66/69)versus88.41%(61/69),and accuracy of 95.00%(76/80)versus86.25%(69/80)in the diagnosis of cerebral hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis,revealing that SWI had higher sensitivity and specificity than ASL.The univariate analysis of cerebral hemorrhage transformation showed that the age,atrial fibrillation,NIHSS score and CMBs grade in two groups differed significantly(P<0.05);and the multivariate analysis identified atrial fibrillation,NISHH score and CMBs grade as independent risk factors of cerebral hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis.Conclusion SWI has high sensitivity in detecting brush sign and asymmetric cortical venous sign,which is of great value for predicting cerebral hemorrhage transformation after acute thrombolysis,and can be used as a routine examination sequence for acute ischemic stroke.

Plant-derived nanovesicles have gained attention given their similarity to mammalian exosomes and advantages such as low cost,sustainability,and tissue targeting.Thus,they hold promise for disease treatment and drug delivery.In this study,we proposed a time-efficient method,PEG 8000 combined with sucrose density gradient centrifugation to prepare ginger-derived nanovesicles(GDNVs).Subse-quently,curcumin(CUR)was loaded onto GDNV by ultrasonic incubation.The optimum conditions for ginger-derived nanovesicles loaded with curcumin(CG)were ultrasound time of 3 min,a carrier-to-drug ratio(GDNV:CUR)of 1∶1.The study achieved a high loading capacity(94.027％±0.094％)and encapsu-lation efficiency(89.300％±0.344％).Finally,the drugs'in vivo distribution and anti-colitis activity were investigated in mice.CG was primarily distributed in the colon after oral administration.Compared to CUR and GDNV,CG was superior in improving disease activity,colon length,liver and spleen coefficients,myeloperoxidase activity,and biochemical factor levels in ulcerative colitis(UC)mice.In addition,CG plays a protective role against UC by modulating serum metabolite levels and gut flora.In summary,our study demonstrated that GDNV can be used for CUR delivery with enhanced therapeutic potential.

Plant-derived nanovesicles have gained attention given their similarity to mammalian exosomes and advantages such as low cost, sustainability, and tissue targeting. Thus, they hold promise for disease treatment and drug delivery. In this study, we proposed a time-efficient method, PEG 8000 combined with sucrose density gradient centrifugation to prepare ginger-derived nanovesicles (GDNVs). Subsequently, curcumin (CUR) was loaded onto GDNV by ultrasonic incubation. The optimum conditions for ginger-derived nanovesicles loaded with curcumin (CG) were ultrasound time of 3 min, a carrier-to-drug ratio (GDNV:CUR) of 1:1. The study achieved a high loading capacity (94.027% ± 0.094%) and encapsulation efficiency (89.300% ± 0.344%). Finally, the drugs' in vivo distribution and anti-colitis activity were investigated in mice. CG was primarily distributed in the colon after oral administration. Compared to CUR and GDNV, CG was superior in improving disease activity, colon length, liver and spleen coefficients, myeloperoxidase activity, and biochemical factor levels in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. In addition, CG plays a protective role against UC by modulating serum metabolite levels and gut flora. In summary, our study demonstrated that GDNV can be used for CUR delivery with enhanced therapeutic potential.

Objective To analyze the clinical value of susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI)and arterial spin labeling imaging(ASL)in the prediction of hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 80 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Guangdong Tongjiang Hospital from December 2021 to November 2023,before and within 24 h after thrombolytic therapy,were enrolled,and all of them underwent computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),SWI and ASL sequential scanning.The brush sign and asymmetrical cortical venous sign of patients were analyzed,and the diagnostic value of SWI and ASL for cerebral hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis was compared.Eleven patients with cerebral hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis were included in hemorrhagic transformation group,while the other 69 patients without hemorrhagic transformation were included in non-hemorrhagic transformation group.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors of hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis.Results The positive rates of brush sign and asymmetric cortical vein sign were 71.25%(57/80)and 68.75%(55/80)by SWI scanning before thrombolysis in 80 patients with acute ischemic stroke,while those were 16.25%(13/80)and 15.00%(12/80)after thrombolysis.The differences between brush sign and asymmetric cortical venous sign detected by SWI before and after thrombolysis were statistically significant(P<0.05).SWIversus ASL had sensitivity of 90.91%(10/11)versus72.73%(8/11),specificity of 95.65%(66/69)versus88.41%(61/69),and accuracy of 95.00%(76/80)versus86.25%(69/80)in the diagnosis of cerebral hemorrhage transformation after thrombolysis,revealing that SWI had higher sensitivity and specificity than ASL.The univariate analysis of cerebral hemorrhage transformation showed that the age,atrial fibrillation,NIHSS score and CMBs grade in two groups differed significantly(P<0.05);and the multivariate analysis identified atrial fibrillation,NISHH score and CMBs grade as independent risk factors of cerebral hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis.Conclusion SWI has high sensitivity in detecting brush sign and asymmetric cortical venous sign,which is of great value for predicting cerebral hemorrhage transformation after acute thrombolysis,and can be used as a routine examination sequence for acute ischemic stroke.

Objective:To investigate the incidence and risk factors of active human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia.Methods:Patients who required respiratory support and were diagnosed with severe community-acquired pneumonia in the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 1, 2019 to June 1, 2020 were consecutively screened and divided into active HCMV infection group (20 cases) and non-active HCMV infection group (95 cases) based on whether a patient has active HCMV infection or not. Differences in demographic data, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Moreover, logistic regression was applied to analyze risk factors for active HCMV infection.Results:The 20 of 115 patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia requiring respiratory support were confirmed to have active infection with HCMV, with a prevalence of active HCMV infection of 17.4%. The pneumonia severity index (PSI) and suppressor T lymphocytes (Ts) in active HCMV infection group were higher than that of the control group, and all the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.432, P=0.015; Z=2.036, P=0.042); whereas lymphocytes, monocytes, blood lactate, and platelet levels were lower than those of the control group, and all the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Patients with active HCMV infection had a higher transfusion rate than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2=3.941; P=0.047). Increasing levels of PSI and Ts percentage were independent risk factors for active HCMV infection ( OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01~1.05; OR=1.06, 95% CI: 1.00~1.11; P < 0.05). RICU length of stay, complication rates, and 90-day all-cause mortality were higher in the active HCMV infection group than the control group, and all the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:Active HCMV infection is highly prevalent in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia and associated with several adverse clinical outcomes, with PSI and Ts cell levels being independent risk factors.

This article reports the clinical data, diagnosis and treatment plan and prognosis of 3 patients with breast cancer under 20 years old. The clinical pathological features, treatment and prognosis were discussed in the literature, and compared with the biological characteristics of young (under 35 years old) breast cancer patients, providing a reference for the clinical individualized treatment of the disease.

Objective To discuss the correlation between female chronic pelvic pain and pelvic floor anatomy.Methods The female patiems of chronic pelvic pain 179 cases,age 28-67 years,average 49.4 years;pelvic pain history 8 months-9 years,average 2.8 years;167 cases has childbirth history,43 cases has surgery history,which gynecological surgery 31 cases,and urinary surgery 7 cases,and anus surgery 5 cases.Results High incidence of female pelvic pain were 30-60 age (incidence of 54.8％),93.3％ has birth history,24％ has operation history,the myofascial tissue pain higher than the organ,were 87.4％ than 12.6％ (P ＜ 0.01),the front of pelvic pain higher than back,were 65.6％ than 21.8％ (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Female chronic pelvic pain associated with the particularity of the pelvic anatomy and physiological,with the tissue of pelvic floor and urogenital diaphragm of primary injure and chronic inflammation is an important cause of chronic pelvic pain.

Objective To study the clinical value of human kallikrein 2 detection on the early diagnosis ,prognosis and therapeu‐tic means of patients with prostate cancer .Methods 25 patients with prostate cancer and 25 patients with benign prostatic hyper‐plasia who were treated in affiliated hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 2015 and December 2015 were se‐lected as research objects .Their human kallikrein 2 and prostate specific antigen level were detected by ELISA and RIA .25 cases of prostatic cancer after operation of our hospital in synchronization were randomly selected as research objects and their human kal‐likrein 2 level was detected and analysed .All the data was modeling processed by SPSS21 .0 .Results Human kallikrein 2 level of PCa group ,BPH group and healthy group was(75 .5 ± 24 .5)ng/L ,(23 .3 ± 5 .8)ng/L and(22 .2 ± 3 .56)ng/L respectively ,which of PCa group was higher than that of BPH group and healthy group .The difference had statistical significance(P<0 .05) .The specific and accuracy of hK2 detecting PCa was 89% and 78% .Compared with before operation[(80 .2 ± 24 .5)ng/L] ,hK2 level of 25 pa‐tients with prostate cancer[(34 .4 ± 10 .5)ng/L] significantly decreased and the difference had statistical significance(P<0 .05) . Conclusion On diagnosing prostate cancer ,human kallikrein 2 can improve specific detection ,reduce unnecessary detected rate and provide the new direction for early clinical detection ,prognosis and therapy .It deserves further promotion .

Objective To investigate the clinical value of homocysteine (Hcy) ,cystatin C (Cys C) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) in atherosclerosis (AS) .Methods Totally 100 cases of newly diagnosed patients of AS were choosed as the ob‐servation group ,36 cases condition improved markedly of AS after treatment as the treatment group ,and 120 cases of normal medi‐cal groups as the control group ,the Hcy ,Cys C and hs‐CRP in all subjects were detected respectively .Results Hcy ,Cys C and hs‐CRP levels of observation group were significantly higher than those of normal groups ,and the difference was statistically signifi‐cant (P< 0 .05) .While the Cys C and hs‐CRP levels of treatment group were significantly lower than the those of observation group ,the difference was also statistically significant (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The detection of Serum Hcy ,Cys C and hs‐CRP might be help to the diagnosis ,treatment evaluation and prognosis of AS .