Objective:To analyze application effect of trend analysis for safe risk in management and control for infection of medical devices,so as to optimize the management path for medical devices.Methods:Focusing on the main factors affecting the safety risks of medical devices,the least squares method of linear regression was applied for trend analysis to optimize the device management path and strengthen management.A total of 70 clinically used medical devices in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January to December 2024 were selected.These devices were managed using two models:the conventional management model and the trend analysis management model,with 35 devices under each model.The infection risk rate of medical equipment and the equipment management quality score were compared between the two management models.Additionally,160 patients managed under the two models(80 patients per model)were included to compare the patient infection rate.Results:In the 450 diagnostic and treated records of sampling inspection and consultation for medical devices from treatment equipment,diagnosis equipment,auxiliary imaging equipment and surgical equipment,the rate of infectious risk of using management mode with trend analysis were respectively 1.78%(8/450),2.22%(10/450),2.22%(10/450)and 2.44%(11/450),all of which were significantly lower than these of using conventional management mode,and the differences were significant(x2=9.904,8.902,10.465,10.770,P＜0.05).The scores of cleaning quality,the quality of disinfection and sterilization,the quality of distribution,and the retrieving quality of the management mode with trend analysis for medical devices were significantly higher than those of the conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=15.889,13.172,15.872,17.399,P＜0.05).The infection rate of patients in the trend analysis management mode was 6.25%(5/80),which was significantly lower than that in the conventional management mode[22.50(18/80)],and the difference was statistically significant(x2=11.006,P＜0.05).Conclusion:The trend analysis for safe risk can analyze the risk factors in use and operation for medical devices from multiple perspectives,and mining main factors and conduct intervention for the devices,and reduce the incidence of safe risks of medical devices and the patients'infection rate,and improve the quality of clinical services.

Objective To investigate the susceptibility and infection characteristics of dengue virus(DENV)in cells derived from diverse tissues of tree shrews and to provide a basis for expanding the repertoire of DENV-permissive cell models in this species.Methods DENV was inoculated at a multiplicity of infection(MOI)of 0.02 into tree shrew skin fibroblasts(TSFs),primary tree shrew renal epithelial cells(pTRECs),tree shrew aortic endothelial cells(TAECs),tree shrew aortic smooth muscle cells(TASMCs),tree shrew hepatocytes(THs),tree shrew corneal stromal cells(TCSCs),tree shrew brain microvascular endothelial cells(TBMECs),and tree shrew retinal microvascular endothelial cells(TRMECs).C6/36,Vero,A549,and BHK-21 cells(commonly used for DENV propagation)were used as positive controls.Over 6 days post-infection,cellular cytopathic effects were monitored at 12-hour intervals using an inverted microscope,viral RNA loads in cell lysates were quantified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to generate proliferation curves,and viral titers were determined by plaque assay.Results Seven types of tree shrew cells,except TRMECs,were susceptible to DENV.Prolonged infection induced pronounced cytopathic effects,including cell rounding,detachment,necrosis,and lysis,across all susceptible cells.The viral RNA loads detected in lysates of pTRECs,TBMECs,TASMCs,TAECs and THs,approached those of positive controls(≥4×107 copies/μL).Infectious progeny viruses were produced by these five cell types,with three(TAECs,3.13×105 PFU/mL;THs,2.03×105 PFU/mL;pTRECs,1.58×105 PFU/mL)exhibiting titers comparable to C6/36(3.85×10 5 PFU/mL)and earlier viral harvests.Conclusion DENV exhibits broad susceptibility to tree shrew cells of multiple tissue origins,with proliferation rates surpassing those of conventional cell lines sourced from other species.TAECs,THs,and pTRECs are particularly suitable for large-scale DENV proliferation,suggesting their potential involvement in in vivo infection.

Objective To investigate the susceptibility and infection characteristics of dengue virus(DENV)in cells derived from diverse tissues of tree shrews and to provide a basis for expanding the repertoire of DENV-permissive cell models in this species.Methods DENV was inoculated at a multiplicity of infection(MOI)of 0.02 into tree shrew skin fibroblasts(TSFs),primary tree shrew renal epithelial cells(pTRECs),tree shrew aortic endothelial cells(TAECs),tree shrew aortic smooth muscle cells(TASMCs),tree shrew hepatocytes(THs),tree shrew corneal stromal cells(TCSCs),tree shrew brain microvascular endothelial cells(TBMECs),and tree shrew retinal microvascular endothelial cells(TRMECs).C6/36,Vero,A549,and BHK-21 cells(commonly used for DENV propagation)were used as positive controls.Over 6 days post-infection,cellular cytopathic effects were monitored at 12-hour intervals using an inverted microscope,viral RNA loads in cell lysates were quantified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to generate proliferation curves,and viral titers were determined by plaque assay.Results Seven types of tree shrew cells,except TRMECs,were susceptible to DENV.Prolonged infection induced pronounced cytopathic effects,including cell rounding,detachment,necrosis,and lysis,across all susceptible cells.The viral RNA loads detected in lysates of pTRECs,TBMECs,TASMCs,TAECs and THs,approached those of positive controls(≥4×107 copies/μL).Infectious progeny viruses were produced by these five cell types,with three(TAECs,3.13×105 PFU/mL;THs,2.03×105 PFU/mL;pTRECs,1.58×105 PFU/mL)exhibiting titers comparable to C6/36(3.85×10 5 PFU/mL)and earlier viral harvests.Conclusion DENV exhibits broad susceptibility to tree shrew cells of multiple tissue origins,with proliferation rates surpassing those of conventional cell lines sourced from other species.TAECs,THs,and pTRECs are particularly suitable for large-scale DENV proliferation,suggesting their potential involvement in in vivo infection.

Objective:To analyze application effect of trend analysis for safe risk in management and control for infection of medical devices,so as to optimize the management path for medical devices.Methods:Focusing on the main factors affecting the safety risks of medical devices,the least squares method of linear regression was applied for trend analysis to optimize the device management path and strengthen management.A total of 70 clinically used medical devices in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January to December 2024 were selected.These devices were managed using two models:the conventional management model and the trend analysis management model,with 35 devices under each model.The infection risk rate of medical equipment and the equipment management quality score were compared between the two management models.Additionally,160 patients managed under the two models(80 patients per model)were included to compare the patient infection rate.Results:In the 450 diagnostic and treated records of sampling inspection and consultation for medical devices from treatment equipment,diagnosis equipment,auxiliary imaging equipment and surgical equipment,the rate of infectious risk of using management mode with trend analysis were respectively 1.78%(8/450),2.22%(10/450),2.22%(10/450)and 2.44%(11/450),all of which were significantly lower than these of using conventional management mode,and the differences were significant(x2=9.904,8.902,10.465,10.770,P＜0.05).The scores of cleaning quality,the quality of disinfection and sterilization,the quality of distribution,and the retrieving quality of the management mode with trend analysis for medical devices were significantly higher than those of the conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=15.889,13.172,15.872,17.399,P＜0.05).The infection rate of patients in the trend analysis management mode was 6.25%(5/80),which was significantly lower than that in the conventional management mode[22.50(18/80)],and the difference was statistically significant(x2=11.006,P＜0.05).Conclusion:The trend analysis for safe risk can analyze the risk factors in use and operation for medical devices from multiple perspectives,and mining main factors and conduct intervention for the devices,and reduce the incidence of safe risks of medical devices and the patients'infection rate,and improve the quality of clinical services.

Objective:To evaluate an effective manner to replace the drainage tube due to drainage complications during the irrigation treatment of abdominal infection after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Methods:Clinical data of 39 patients with abdominal infection after PD due to drainage complications who were successfully treated by replacement of the drainage tubes with continued flushing in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University from August 2020 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 23 males and 16 females, aged (54.8±9.6) years. According to the fashion of tube replacement, patients were divided into the observation group ( n=21), in which a flushing tube was placed through the original abdominal drainage tube sinus tract combined with external negative pressure suction; and the control group ( n=18), in which two parallel drainage tubes were placed through the original abdominal drainage tube sinus tract for flushing and drainage. The two groups were compared in terms of indicators before tube replacement, including the primary tumor classification, incidence of pancreatic fistula and biliary fistula after PD, complications of abdominal drainage, time from the surgery to tube replacement; and indicators after tube replacement, including total hospital stay, hospitalization cost, continuous abdominal lavage time, fever and elevated white blood cell count, number of dressing changes, etc. Results:There were no significant difference in the primary tumor classification, incidence of pancreatic fistula and biliary fistula after PD, complications of abdominal drainage, and time from PD to tube replacement between the two groups before tube replacement (all P>0.05). After tube replacement, the total hospitalization time(32.7±1.9 vs 44.7±14.5, d), hospitalization cost (67 604±16 052 vs 91 845±19 826, yuan), continuous abdominal lavage time [4.0 (3.0, 5.0) vs 9.0 (8.0, 10.8), d], fever [23.8% (5/21) vs 55.6% (10/18)] and leukocytosis rate [28.6% (6/21) vs 66.7% (12/18)], and times of dressing change times [10.0 (7.0, 13.0) vs 22.0 (18.2, 27.0)] of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Inserting a flushing tube through the sinus tract of original abdominal drainage tube combined with external negative pressure drainage is an effective way to manage the abdominal infection after PD surgery due to drainage complications, featuring good irrigation and drainage, short irrigation time, and early control of the abdominal infection.

Objective To establish an immortalized tree shrew corneal stromal cells(CSCs)line and to study its response to virus infection.Methods Primary tree shrew CSCs were isolated and cultured by the tissue block adhesion method.CSCs were then transfected with a lentivirus carrying the SV40T gene and monoclonal cells were selected for passage culture.The characteristics of the CSCs were investigated by morphological observation and compared with 40 generations until the 50 generations or more,immunofluorescence identification of vimentin and SV40T genes,karyotype examination,and cell proliferation curve.The CSCs were infected with herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1)(McKrae strain),Zika virus(ZIKV,GZ01 strain),Dengue virus typeⅡ,and H1N1(PR8).Results The immortalized tree shrew CSCs after＞50 passages appeared spindle-shaped with good cell morphology and structure compared with 40 generations.Positive immunofluorescence expression of vimentin and SV40T genes.The cell growth curve showed that the cells were in logarithmic-phase growth on days 4～5 and grew vigorously.The number of chromosomes in the primary cells was stable at 62,while immortalized CSCs had 64 chromosomes at P21 and P56.The virus titer results showed that the immortalized tree shrew CSCs were sensitive to HSV-1(McKrae strain),ZIKV(GZ01 strain),Dengue virus typeⅡ,and H1N1(PR8),with virus titers of 1.32×105,5.62×106,2.69×107,and 7.76×104 CCID50/mL,respectively.Conclusions The immortalized tree shrew CSCs were established successfully,suggesting that this cell line is suitable for studies of the mechanisms of HSV,ZIKV,Dengue virus,and influenza A virus infection in relation to corneal diseases and antiviral drugs.

Objective:To investigate the protective effects and related mechanisms of Astragaloside Ⅳ(ASⅣ)alleviating Angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Methods:H9c2 cardiomyocytes were divided into six groups: normal control group, ASⅣ group(ASⅣ 100 μmol/L), AngⅡ group(AngⅡ 1 μmol/L), and three ASⅣ dose experiments(AngⅡ 1 μmol/L + ASⅣ 25 μmol/l group, AngⅡ 1 μmol/L+ ASⅣ 50 μmol/l group, AngⅡ1 μmol/L+ ASⅣ 100 μmol/L group), and simultaneously cultured for 24 hours.Cardiomyocyte viability was assessed by CCK8 assay, and surface area of culturedcardiomyocytes in each group was assessed by immunofluorescence assay.Atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)mRNA expression was assessed by fluorescence real-time quantitative RT-PCR.And LC3 protein expression, an autophagy related protein, was assessed by Western blotting as well as immunofluorescence.Results:(1)AngⅡ decreased cardiomyocyte H9c2 viability in a dose-dependent manner( P<0.05). ASⅣ could inhibit the decrease of cardiomyocyte H9c2 viability in response to AngⅡ in a dose-dependent manner( P<0.05). (2)H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by AngⅡ showed a significantly larger cell area and significantly higher ANP mRNA and ANP protein expression compared with controls.Different concentrations of ASⅣ intervention could reverse the increase of cardiomyocyte H9c2 area induced by AngⅡ and also decreased the expression of ANP protein induced by AngⅡ in a dose-dependent manner(all P<0.05). (3)Compared with the control group, the autophagy level and the expression of autophagy marker LC3II/I of H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by AngⅡ were significantly increased(all P<0.05). ASⅣ could inhibit AngⅡ-activated autophagy, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). ASⅣ inhibited the expression of LC3II/I in H9c2 cardiomyocytes stimulated by AngⅡ, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusions:ASⅣ inhibits AngⅡ-induced cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting autophagy of cardiomyocytes.

Objective:To explore the effects of adriamycin（Adc）combined with hyperbaric oxygen（HBO）on the apoptosis of HepG2 cells and immunomodulatory factors in transplanted hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）tissues in nude mice.Methods:The model of transplanted HCC was established in 20 nude mice，then the mice were divided into four groups：control group，HBO group，Adc group，and HBO + Adc group，with five mice in each group. The control group was reared normally. The HBO group was treated with HBO at 0.20 MPa for 1 h；the Adc group was treated with 10 mg/kg of Adc by gavage；the HBO + Adc group was treated with HBO at 0.20 MPa for 1 h and then given 10 mg/kg of Adc by gavage. All groups were treated once every other day for 21 days. After drug withdrawal，the tumors were dissected from the sacrificed mice，of which the tumor volume and weight were measured. The apoptosis of HepG2 cells was detected by TUNEL. The changes of apoptosis-related proteins in HepG2 cells were detected by western blotting. The changes of the contents of immunomodulatory factors in transplanted tumor tissues of nude mice were detected by ELISA.Results:After 21 days，the tumor volume and weight in the HBO + Adc group were lower than those in the other three groups（ P<0.05）. The proportion of apoptotic cells in the transplanted tumor tissues of nude mice of the HBO + Adc group was the highest. In the HBO + Adc group，the protein expression levels of Bax，caspase-3，and Cytochrome C were significantly increased；the protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly reduced（ P<0.01）；and the IL-6 was significantly reduced；while the IL-18 and IFN-γ were significantly increased（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:The Adc combined with HBO can promote apoptosis of HepG2 cells in transplanted HCC tissues in nude mice，and effectively regulate the immunomodulatory factors to promote the recovery of the body’s immune function，suggesting obvious sensitizing and detoxifying effects.

Objective:To explore the effects of adriamycin（Adc）combined with hyperbaric oxygen（HBO）on the apoptosis of HepG2 cells and immunomodulatory factors in transplanted hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）tissues in nude mice.Methods:The model of transplanted HCC was established in 20 nude mice，then the mice were divided into four groups：control group，HBO group，Adc group，and HBO + Adc group，with five mice in each group. The control group was reared normally. The HBO group was treated with HBO at 0.20 MPa for 1 h；the Adc group was treated with 10 mg/kg of Adc by gavage；the HBO + Adc group was treated with HBO at 0.20 MPa for 1 h and then given 10 mg/kg of Adc by gavage. All groups were treated once every other day for 21 days. After drug withdrawal，the tumors were dissected from the sacrificed mice，of which the tumor volume and weight were measured. The apoptosis of HepG2 cells was detected by TUNEL. The changes of apoptosis-related proteins in HepG2 cells were detected by western blotting. The changes of the contents of immunomodulatory factors in transplanted tumor tissues of nude mice were detected by ELISA.Results:After 21 days，the tumor volume and weight in the HBO + Adc group were lower than those in the other three groups（ P<0.05）. The proportion of apoptotic cells in the transplanted tumor tissues of nude mice of the HBO + Adc group was the highest. In the HBO + Adc group，the protein expression levels of Bax，caspase-3，and Cytochrome C were significantly increased；the protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly reduced（ P<0.01）；and the IL-6 was significantly reduced；while the IL-18 and IFN-γ were significantly increased（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:The Adc combined with HBO can promote apoptosis of HepG2 cells in transplanted HCC tissues in nude mice，and effectively regulate the immunomodulatory factors to promote the recovery of the body’s immune function，suggesting obvious sensitizing and detoxifying effects.

Background and Objectives: Galectin-3 promotes fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and facilitates injury repair. Previous studies have shown that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSC-ex) promote the differentiation of myocardial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts under inflammatory environment. Whether hucMSC-ex derived Galectin-3 (hucMSC-ex-Galectin-3) plays an important role in fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation is the focus of this study. Methods: and Results: Galectin-3 was knocked-down by siRNA in hucMSCs, and then exosomes were extracted. Fibroblasts were treated with LPS, LPS＋hucMSC-ex, LPS＋negative control-siRNA-ex (NC-ex), or LPS＋ Galectin-3-siRNA-ex (si-ex) in vitro. The coronary artery of the left anterior descending (LAD) branch was permanently ligated, followed by intramyocardial injection with phosphate buffered saline(PBS), hucMSC-ex, hucMSC-NC-ex, or hucMSC-si-ex in vivo. Western blot, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of markers related to fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and inflammatory factors. Migration and contraction functions of fibroblasts were evaluated using Transwell migration and collagen contraction assays, respectively. β-catenin expression was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. The results showed that hucMSC-ex increased the protein expression of myofibroblast markers, anti-inflammatory factors, and β-catenin. HucMSC-ex also reduced the migration and promoted the contractility of fibroblasts. However, hucMSC-si-ex did not show these activities. Conclusions HucMSC-ex-Galectin-3 promoted the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in an inflammatory environment, which was associated with increased β-catenin levels.