Objective To establish the drug use evaluation(DUE)standard of somatostatin and evaluate the rationality of its clinical use,so as to provide a reference for the rationally clinical application of somatostatin.Methods Based on the specification of somatostatin for injection,related guidelines and literature,DUE standard was established.Evaluate the rationality and standardization of the use of somatostatin for injection at Beihai People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 based on the established DUE standards.Results A total of 407 patients were included,with a medication reasonable rate of 94.84％.The irrational use of drug included unreasonable indications(13 cases,3.19％),unreasonable drug use frequency(7 cases,1.72％),and unreasonable drug interactions(1 case,0.25％).Conclusion The somatostatin for injection DUE standard established is feasible and practical.The clinical application of somatostatin for injection in this hospital is basically reasonable,but there are still some irrational use of somatostatin,which should be strengthened for intervention.

With the popularization of Internet use, micro-lecture has become an indispensable part of people's life, and it is also a way for patients to get information support. This paper expounds the concept and characteristics of micro-lecture, and analyses the current research situation of micro-lecture in clinical nursing health guidance from four aspects: health guidance content, intervention form, intervention opportunity and outcome indicators. At the same time, this paper puts forward the problems and the countermeasures of the micro-lecture in clinical nursing health guidance, in order to provide reference for clinical nurses to carry out information-based health education model.

Objective To explore the effects of general anesthesia combined thoracic paraverte-bral block on postoperative pain and fast track single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).Methods Thirty patients,including male 20 and female 10,received single-port VATS were randomly and equally divided into two groups:group C received general anesthesia only,and group T received ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block combined with general anesthe-sia.Both groups did not use the patient-controlled analgesia,if insufficient analgesia happened (rest-ing VAS scores>4),than used dezocine intravenously as additional analgesia (a single-dose 5-20 mg, no more than 120 mg per day).The Ramsay scores at 1,4,8,12 h after the surgery and the mechani-cal withdrawal threshold on the day before the surgery,at 4,8,12,24 h after the surgery were recor-ded.The first time of post-operation pain feedback,the consumption of dezocine in the first 24 h after surgery,the incidence rates of side effects,the first time off-bed and the hospital stays were also re-corded.Results Compared with group C,the Ramsay scores at 8,12 h postoperatively in group T significantly decreased (P <0.05),and the mechanical withdrawal threshold at 4,8 h postoperatively significantly increased (P <0.05).The first time of post-operation pain feedback in group T was sig-nificantly longer than group C (P <0.05).The consumption of dezocine in the first 24 h after surgery significantly decreased in group T (P <0.05).The first time off-bed and the hospital stays in group T were shorter than group C (P <0.05).Also,the incidence rates of nausea,vomiting in the first 24 h postoperatively were lower in group T (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion General anesthesia combined with single-injected thoracic paravertebral nerve block can effectively relieve the postoperative pain in pa-tients undergoing single-port VATS,reduce the consumption of opioids in the first 24 h postopera-tively,cutting down the occurring rates of adverse reactions,which was beneficial to early ambulate and shortened the hospital stays.

BACKGROUND: The participation of laboratories in external quality assessment (EQA) programs is required for the quality assurance of nucleic acid amplification of Chlamydia trachomatis. This study aimed to construct a new quality control (QC) material applicated in EQA of C. trachomatis PCR. METHODS: A QC material-HTB-SiHa cells transfected with a recombinant plasmid containing the cryptic plasmid sequence-was constructed for C. trachomatis PCR detection, and four different panels, each consisting of 4 positive samples with serial dilution of the constructed QC material and 1 negative sample, were distributed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories among four groups of 275, 268, 317, and 304 participants across China from 2011 through 2012. A total of eight commercial kits were used for C. trachomatis PCR detection in participants. RESULTS: Nine laboratories reported false-positive results (0.9%). As the series dilution increased, the correct reporting of the data sets decreased; the lowest correct rate was 96.3% in the weakest positive samples (104 copies/mL). Eight laboratories reported false-positive results, and 42 laboratories reported false-negative results in the EQA detection of C. trachomatis. No significant differences were observed in the detection of the constructed C. trachomatis positive samples (97.9%, 98.5%, 100%, 98.5%; P=0.36) and negative samples (100%, 99.0%, 100%, 99.0%; P=0.764) using four commercial kits commonly used in China. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the EQA study indicated that the constructed material provides a noninfectious, stable control material with sufficient volume for PCR detection of C. trachomatis.
Cell Line ; Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis ; Chlamydia trachomatis/*genetics ; DNA, Bacterial/*analysis ; False Negative Reactions ; Humans ; Laboratories/*standards ; Plasmids/genetics/*metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/*standards ; Quality Control ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic

Objective To evaluate the agreement of antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer reported in clinical laboratories and analyze possible problems in clinical laboratories.Methods Experiment survey.The panel consisting of 5 samples was distributed to 533 laboratories.Each panel contains one negative sample and 4 positive samples,which were from individuals of autoimmune disease.ANA titer system was divided into traditional titer system with two-fold dilution and titer system with 3.2 times dilution.Clinical laboratories were required to report the ANA titers and initial screening dilution according to the standard used in routine work.Results were expressed as median titers and range for acceptable performance.As to titer system with two-fold dilution,acceptable performance on proficiency testing was defined by a result equal to median titer ± two two-fold dilutions.While as to titer system with 3.2 times dilution,acceptable performance on proficiency testing was defined by a result equal to median titer ± 3.2 times dilutions.The laboratories percentages with acceptable performance were calculated to evaluate their agreements.Results 412 laboratories reported ANA titer results,of which 11.9％ (49/412)reported results with two-fold dilution titer system,88.1％ (363/412)reported results with 3.2 times dilution titer system.The median titers of sample 1211,1212,1213 and 1215 reported with two-fold titer system were 1 ∶ 640,1∶ 320,＞ 1 ∶ 1280 and1∶ 160,respectively.The agreement within the median ANA titer reported with two-fold dilution titer system ranged from 24.5％ (12/49) to 57.1％ (28/49) and the lowest percentage of the results within the acceptable limits was 87.8％ (43/49).The median titers of sample 1211,1212,1213 and 1215 reported with 3.2 times dilution titer system were 1 ∶ 1000,1∶ 1000,＞ 1 ∶ 3200 and 1 ∶ 320,respectively.The agreement within the median ANA titer reported with 3.2 times dilution titer system ranged from 63.3％ (31/49)to 83.7％ (41/49).The lowest percentage of the results within the acceptable limits was 98.0％ (48/49).Conclusions The results of ANA titer reported are unsatisfactory.Standardization for reagent,microscopy,procedure and result interpretation is necessary to improve the agreement of ANA titer report in different laboratories.

Objective To evaluate the performance of HCV RNA detection in the first EQA program in 2012 and analyze possible problems in clinical laboratories.Methods The panel consisting of 5 samples was distributed to 927 laboratories.Each panel contains one negative sample and 4 positive samples,which were virus-like particles calibrated by international standard.The pere ent agreements of all the laboratories for qualitative and quantitative results were calculated.Genomic means (GM) and standard deviations (s) of all laboratories and each reagent were calculated.The overall GM and the GM of each reagent were compared with expected results and correlation curves were calculated.Results The percent agreements of sample 1211,1212,1213,1214 for qualitative results wcrc 99.5％ (403/405),98.5％ (400/406),100.0％ (405/405),100.0％ (406/406),respectively.The percent agreement of the negative sample was 99％ (401/405).The percent agreements of sample 1211,1212 and 1213 for quantitive results were similar,which were 93.8％ (549/585),92.3 ％ (541/586) and 94.5％ (554/586).However,the agreement of sample 1214 was only 87.7％ (514/586)and the agreement of sample 1214 for reagent A was 67.2％ (92/137).The overall GM agreed with expected results,while GMs of reagent C,E and G deviated from expected results.GMs of sample 1211,1212,1213 and 1214 reported by labs using reagent C were 4.22,3.56,5.16 and 5.90,respectively.GMs of sample 1211,1212,1213 and 1214 reported by labs using reagent E were 4.52,3.78,5.55 and 6.29,respectively.GMs of sample 1211,1212,1213 and 1214 reported by labs using reagent G were 4.83,4.36,5.72 and 6.56,respectively.Conclusions The overall results of HCV RNA qualitative and quantitative detection are satisfactory.However,some problems still exist,such as deviation of GM of some reagents,the interassay variability,systematic deviation and accidental deviation,which show that the quality of reagents should be improved.

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes in serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in patients with early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy and explore the correlation of serum TGF-β1 with radiation injury and disease-free survival.

METHODSThe average serum TGF-β1 level (50.2∓3.2 ng/ml) determined from 32 healthy volunteers was used as the standard value for NPC patients in this trial. Fifty-seven patients with early-stage (T1-2N0-1M0) NPC without prior treatment were divided into two groups with serum TGF-β1 level before treatment lower than or equal to the standard value (group A, 29 cases) and a level beyond the standard value (group B, 28 cases). Serum TGF-β1 level was determined in all the patients before, during and after the radiotherapy to evaluate the radiation injury and therapeutic effect.

RESULTSThe serum TGF-β1 level before radiotherapy was significantly lower in group A than in group B (35.4∓1.4 vs 58.8∓1.0 ng/ml, P<0.05). After radiotherapy, acute radiation mucositis and skin reaction was significantly severer in group B (P<0.05). The serum TGF-β1 level before radiotherapy was significantly higher in patients with grade 3 acute radiation mucositis and skin reaction than in those with injuries below grade 3 (54.0∓2.2 vs 42.0∓2.3 ng/ml and 54.3∓2.4 vs 43.4∓2.2 ng/ml, P<0.05). The two groups showed no significant differences in the locoregional failure rate (3.4% vs 7.1%), distant metastasis rate (3.4% vs 10.8%) or disease-free survival (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSRadiotherapy can significantly decrease serum TGF-β1 level in early NPC patients. Serum TGF-β1 level before radiotherapy can help predict the degree of acute radiation mucositis and skin reaction, but shows no correlation with disease-free survival of early-stage NPC patients.

Carcinoma ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; blood ; mortality ; radiotherapy ; Radiation Injuries ; blood ; Survival Rate ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; blood

Objective To investigate the potential role of human cytomegalovirus lower matrix phosphoprotein 65 (HCMV pp65) in murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The prokaryotic vector pET-28b and eukaryotic vector pcDNA 3.0 were constructed to express the HCMV pp65 protein.All the C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with pp65 eukaryotic vector intramuscularly five times at 2-week intervals and then were bled via the retro-orbital vein.Subsequently,indirect ELISA was used to evaluate the concentration of anti-pp65 IgG,anti-dsDNA and ANA.At the same time,IL-1 b,IL-6,and TNF-α were determined by competitive ELISA.Results The early onset of autoantibodies and an overexpression of IL-6 were observed in immunized male C57BL/6 mice.Conclusion HCMV pp65 triggers the deregulation of humoral immunity in C57BL/6 mice,which indicates that the immune responses induced by HCMV pp65 may be involved in the development of SLE.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of antinuclear antibody (ANA) detection in clinical laboratories.Methods There were 2 external quality assessments (EQA) scheme for nuclear antibody detection.The panel consisting of 5 samples was distributed.Each participant laborotory of the EQA program was required to report the ANA qualitative results,patterns,titers and anti-double strain DNA (dsDNA) antibody,anti-extractable nuclear antigen(ENA) antibody,the percent agreements of which were calculated respectively.ResultsThe number of laboratories performing ANA test with IIF increased from 77.6％ ( 149/192 )in 2006 to 82.2％ (342/416) in 2011,while the number of laboratories performing ANA test with ELISA was in the range of 14.5％ ( 53/365 ) and 16.0％ ( 52/326 ).The positive percent agreements of IIF was over 98％.The positive percent agreement of ELISA were all over 90％.IIF showed more satisfying positive percent agreements than ELISA every year.Over 90％ of the laboratories reported correct results for samples with granular ANA pattern except 0613 and 0624.Over 95％ of the laboratories reported correct results for samples with homogeneous ANA pattern.Two samples with centromere pattern were correctly detected by 88.5％ ( 161/182 ),79.0％ ( 147/186 ) of the laboratories in 2007,while the sample with centromere pattern was correctly detected by 98.4％ (299/304), which indicated an improvement in the detection of centromere pattern.In ANA positive results,the lowest percentage of the laboratories reporting the median result was 36％ (94/261),while the highest percentage was only 85.5％(224/262).The satisfied results of anti-ENA antibody were over 90％.And those of anti-dsDNA antibody was over 85％.ConclusionsIIF is the most common method for ANA screening in clinical laboratories.ELISA is also used in some laboratories.The two methods reported satisfying results in ANA test.The detection of anticentromere antibodies is improved.But the results of ANA titer reported are unsatisfactory. ANA detection in routine practice needs to be improved by standardization.

Objective To investigate the association of hepatitis B virus(HBV) S gene quasispecies with the outcome of HBV infection.Methods Serum samples were collected from three chronic HBV carriers, three chronic hepatitis B and three chronic severe hepatitis B patients.All subjects were male and with HBV genotype C.HBV S gene was amplified, and 20 clones of HBV fragment were randomly selected and sequenced from each sample.SPSS 15.0 software was adopted for analysis.Results Quasispecies complexity of HBV S gene in chronic HBV carriers and chronic hepatitis B tended lower than that of the severe chronic hepatitis B, but the difference was not of statistical significance (P＞0.05).In T cell epitope 45, 47, 85 amino acid sites of the HBV S gene, the constitution of quasispecies in the chronic hepatitis B was more complex than that of the HBV carriers (P=0.01), but compared with the severe chronic hepatitis, the difference was not significant (P=0.06).The computer model showed that both the dominant clones and the non dominant clones could effectively bind to the receptors of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Conclusion Quasispecies in some T cell epitopes of HBV S gene may be related with the clinical outcome of hepatitis B.