BACKGROUND:With the development of oral implantology,implant restoration has gradually become the first choice of restoration after missing teeth,and bone augmentation procedures have led to the expansion of implant indications and the improvement of the success rate of implant restoration.However,the long-term stability of bone height,width and volume after bone augmentation surgery has been one of the clinical difficulties for oral implantologists.OBJECTIVE:To measure and analyze the bone width,height,and volume of different sites in the bone augmentation area at different time points using cone-beam CT and an automatic image alignment program.METHODS:Seventeen patients with severe bone defects in the upper anterior region who underwent Onlay bone block grafting in the external oblique region were recruited from the Department of Stomatology,Zhejiang Tongde Hospital.There were 10 males and 7 females,with a mean age of(45.88±12.47)years.The cone-beam CT scans of the patients' Onlay bone grafts were taken at five time points:preoperatively,immediately postoperatively,6 months postoperatively,immediately post implantation,and 6 months post implantation,and then were statistically analyzed for alveolar bone volume,width,and height in the bone augmentation area,as well as for the difference in the alveolar bone volume of the bone incremental area between patients of different sexes and age.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The alveolar bone volume in the bone augmentation area was higher immediately and 6 months after bone grafting than before bone grafting(P＜0.05)as well as was higher immediately after bone grafting than 6 months after bone grafting(P＜0.05).The alveolar bone height in the bone augmentation area was higher immediately and 6 months after bone grafting than before bone grafting(P＜0.05).The horizontal width of the alveolar bone at various sites in the bone augmentation area immediately and 6 months after bone grafting was higher than that before bone grafting(P＜0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in the volume of bone graft resorption at various sites in the bone augmentation area between males and females immediately and 6 months after bone grafting(P＞0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between age and the change in bone augmentation area volume immediately and 6 months after bone grafting,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(3)Twenty-five dental implants with completed implant restorations functioned normally,and the survival rate of the implants was 100％.To conclude,Onlay bone graft implant restoration in the upper anterior region can significantly improve insufficient bone with favorable outcomes.However,there is some amount of bone resorption in the bone augmentation area at 6 months after Onlay bone grafting and it is necessary to open up the second surgical area.Clinicians should consider different bone augmentation procedures in accordance with the specific circumstances.

BACKGROUND:During diabetic wound healing,the sustained activation of M1 macrophages exacerbates the inflammatory response and hinders wound repair.Auranofin,an anti-inflammatory drug,has not been clearly studied for its effects on M1 macrophages and its potential role in diabetic wound healing.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different concentrations of auranofin on the biological function of M1 macrophages and evaluate its potential application in diabetic wound healing.METHODS:RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells were used as research models.M1 polarization was induced using different concentrations of interferon-γ and lipopolysaccharide.M1 macrophages were treated with 1 and 2 μmol/L auranofin.Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to evaluate the effect of auranofin on cell viability.Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect mRNA expression of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α.ELISA was employed to measure the levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α in the supernatant.Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of nuclear factor-κB(p65),phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK),and total MAPK proteins.Additionally,6-8-week-old male C57BL/6J and db/db diabetic mice were used for wound healing experiments,with the mice divided into C57 control,db/db control and auranofin treatment groups,each containing six animals.Dorsal skin defect modeling and treatment with intraperitoneal injection of auranofin were performed to observe wound healing in mice.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Cell experiments showed that co-treatment with interferon-y(10 ng/mL)and lipopolysaccharide(100 ng/mL)significantly induced M1 polarization in RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells,resulting in increased mRNA expression of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α.Treatment with auranofin(1 and 2 μmol/L)reduced the mRNA expression of these inflammatory factors in the cells and inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant.(2)Auranofin treatment significantly suppressed the activation of nuclear factor-κB(p65)and phosphorylated MAPK signaling pathways.(3)Animal experiments showed that auranofin promoted wound healing in db/db diabetic mice,suggesting that auranofin has strong anti-inflammatory effects and may facilitate the healing of wounds in diabetic mice.

BACKGROUND:With the development of oral implantology,implant restoration has gradually become the first choice of restoration after missing teeth,and bone augmentation procedures have led to the expansion of implant indications and the improvement of the success rate of implant restoration.However,the long-term stability of bone height,width and volume after bone augmentation surgery has been one of the clinical difficulties for oral implantologists.OBJECTIVE:To measure and analyze the bone width,height,and volume of different sites in the bone augmentation area at different time points using cone-beam CT and an automatic image alignment program.METHODS:Seventeen patients with severe bone defects in the upper anterior region who underwent Onlay bone block grafting in the external oblique region were recruited from the Department of Stomatology,Zhejiang Tongde Hospital.There were 10 males and 7 females,with a mean age of(45.88±12.47)years.The cone-beam CT scans of the patients' Onlay bone grafts were taken at five time points:preoperatively,immediately postoperatively,6 months postoperatively,immediately post implantation,and 6 months post implantation,and then were statistically analyzed for alveolar bone volume,width,and height in the bone augmentation area,as well as for the difference in the alveolar bone volume of the bone incremental area between patients of different sexes and age.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The alveolar bone volume in the bone augmentation area was higher immediately and 6 months after bone grafting than before bone grafting(P＜0.05)as well as was higher immediately after bone grafting than 6 months after bone grafting(P＜0.05).The alveolar bone height in the bone augmentation area was higher immediately and 6 months after bone grafting than before bone grafting(P＜0.05).The horizontal width of the alveolar bone at various sites in the bone augmentation area immediately and 6 months after bone grafting was higher than that before bone grafting(P＜0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in the volume of bone graft resorption at various sites in the bone augmentation area between males and females immediately and 6 months after bone grafting(P＞0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between age and the change in bone augmentation area volume immediately and 6 months after bone grafting,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(3)Twenty-five dental implants with completed implant restorations functioned normally,and the survival rate of the implants was 100％.To conclude,Onlay bone graft implant restoration in the upper anterior region can significantly improve insufficient bone with favorable outcomes.However,there is some amount of bone resorption in the bone augmentation area at 6 months after Onlay bone grafting and it is necessary to open up the second surgical area.Clinicians should consider different bone augmentation procedures in accordance with the specific circumstances.

BACKGROUND:During diabetic wound healing,the sustained activation of M1 macrophages exacerbates the inflammatory response and hinders wound repair.Auranofin,an anti-inflammatory drug,has not been clearly studied for its effects on M1 macrophages and its potential role in diabetic wound healing.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different concentrations of auranofin on the biological function of M1 macrophages and evaluate its potential application in diabetic wound healing.METHODS:RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells were used as research models.M1 polarization was induced using different concentrations of interferon-γ and lipopolysaccharide.M1 macrophages were treated with 1 and 2 μmol/L auranofin.Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to evaluate the effect of auranofin on cell viability.Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect mRNA expression of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α.ELISA was employed to measure the levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α in the supernatant.Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of nuclear factor-κB(p65),phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK),and total MAPK proteins.Additionally,6-8-week-old male C57BL/6J and db/db diabetic mice were used for wound healing experiments,with the mice divided into C57 control,db/db control and auranofin treatment groups,each containing six animals.Dorsal skin defect modeling and treatment with intraperitoneal injection of auranofin were performed to observe wound healing in mice.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Cell experiments showed that co-treatment with interferon-y(10 ng/mL)and lipopolysaccharide(100 ng/mL)significantly induced M1 polarization in RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells,resulting in increased mRNA expression of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α.Treatment with auranofin(1 and 2 μmol/L)reduced the mRNA expression of these inflammatory factors in the cells and inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant.(2)Auranofin treatment significantly suppressed the activation of nuclear factor-κB(p65)and phosphorylated MAPK signaling pathways.(3)Animal experiments showed that auranofin promoted wound healing in db/db diabetic mice,suggesting that auranofin has strong anti-inflammatory effects and may facilitate the healing of wounds in diabetic mice.

Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research funding institution in China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has played a pivotal role in driving the progress of periodontal science by supporting research on periodontitis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research and development progress related to periodontitis in China from 2014 to 2023, highlighting the significant contributions of the NSFC to this field. We have summarized the detailed funding information from the NSFC, including the number of applicant codes, funded programs and the distribution of funded scholars. These data illustrate the efforts of the NSFC in cultivating young scientists and building research groups to address key challenges in national scientific research. This study offers an overview of the current hot topics, recent breakthroughs and future research prospects related to periodontitis in China.
China ; Periodontitis ; Humans ; Foundations ; Research Support as Topic ; Natural Science Disciplines ; Dental Research/economics*

The cooccurrence of NPM1, FLT3-ITD, and DNMT3A mutations (i.e., triple mutation) is related to dismal prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving chemotherapy alone. In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we aimed to identify whether allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) could overcome the poor prognosis of DNMT3A^mutNPM1^mutFLT3-ITD^mut AML across four transplant centers in China. Fifty-three patients with triple-mutated AML receiving allo-HSCT in complete remission were enrolled. The 1.5-year probabilities of relapse, leukemia-free survival, and overall survival after allo-HSCT were 11.9%, 80.3%, and 81.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that more than one course of induction chemotherapy and allo-HSCT beyond CR1 were associated with poor survival. To our knowledge, this work is the largest study to explore the up-to-date undefined role of allo-HSCT in patients with triple-mutated AML. Our real-world data suggest that allo-HSCT could overcome the poor prognosis of DNMT3A^mutNPM1^mutFLT3-ITD^mut in AML.
Humans ; Nucleophosmin ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods* ; Male ; Female ; DNA Methyltransferase 3A ; Adult ; China ; Retrospective Studies ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/genetics* ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics* ; Mutation ; Young Adult ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics* ; Adolescent ; Aged

Under the background of climate change, the escalating air pollution and extreme weather events have been identified as risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), causing serious public health burden worldwide. This review aims to summarize the effects of changed atmospheric environment caused by climate change on CRD. Results indicated an increased risk of CRD (mainly COPD, asthma) associated with environmental factors, such as air pollutants, adverse meteorological conditions, extreme temperatures, sandstorms, wildfire, and atmospheric allergens. Furthermore, this association can be modified by factors such as socioeconomic status, adaptability, individual behavior, medical services. Potential pathophysiological mechanisms linking climate change and increased risk of CRD involved pulmonary inflammation, immune disorders, oxidative stress. Notably, the elderly, children, impoverished groups and people in regions with limited adaptability are more sensitive to respiratory health risks caused by climate change. This review provides a reference for understanding risk factors of CRD in the context of climate change, and calls for the necessity of adaptive strategies. Further interdisciplinary research and global collaboration are needed in the future to enhance adaptability and address climate health inequality.
Climate Change ; Humans ; Air Pollution/adverse effects* ; Risk Factors ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology* ; Chronic Disease ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects* ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects*

The 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Annual Meeting, two of the most prestigious events in oncology, have concluded sequentially. As the most authoritative annual gatherings in lung cancer and the entire oncology field, the WCLC and ESMO conferences brought together top oncology experts and scientists from around the world to share, discuss, and publish the latest cutting-edge advancements in oncology. In both conferences, lung cancer immunotherapy remained a hot topic of considerable interest. This article aims to summarize and discuss the important research progress on perioperative immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer reported at the two conferences.

The 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium (ASCO-GI) was held from January 23 to 25, 2025. Several significant studies on the treatment of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer were presented at the symposium, highlighting notable advances, particularly in the perioperative and advanced settings. Immunotherapy has demonstrated significant promise in the neoadjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer, showing potential to become a standard treatment. Furthermore, the long-term survival benefits of combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy for advanced GEJ cancer were further validated. This article summarizes and interprets the researches presented at the symposium concerning perioperative and advanced treatments for esophageal and GEJ cancers.

The 2025 European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) convened in Paris, France, centering on the optimization and innovation of immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Key topics at the congress included the application strategies for perioperative immunotherapy, breakthroughs in combination therapy models for advanced NSCLC, and the emerging roles of biomarkers in predicting diverse treatment outcomes. This paper integrates data from several key pivotal studies to systematically analyze the clinical value of neoadjuvant therapy within the perioperative setting, the potential of targeted combination regimens, and the challenges of managing drug resistance, thus offering new directions for clinical practice.