OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of different classes of antibacterial agents in hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia （CAP）.METHODS PubMed， Embase，the Cochrane Library，Web of Science，CNKI，and Wanfang data were searched from inception to January 1，2026，to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluated different classes of antibacterial agents in hospitalized adults with CAP.After screening the literature， extracting the data， and evaluating the quality of the literature， a network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 18.0.RESULTS A total of 25 studies were included，involving 7 863 patients. In terms of efficacy，compared with carbapenems，penicillins，cephalosporins，macrolides，and pleuromutilins were associated with significantly higher treatment failure rates （ P ＜0.05），carbapenems and traditional tetracyclines were ranked as the top two by the surface under the cumulative ranking curve area （SUCRA）. No statistically significant differences were observed in mortality among the interventions （ P ＞0.05），carbapenems and other quinolones were ranked as the top two by SUCRA. In terms of safety，no statistically significant differences were observed among the interventions in the incidence of adverse events or discontinuation rates （ P ＞0.05）；traditional tetracyclines and novel tetracyclines were ranked as the top two by SUCRA for the incidence of adverse events，while novel tetracyclines and pleuromutilins were ranked as the top two by SUCRA for discontinuation rates.CONCLUSIONS Carbapenems significantly reduced the treatment failure rate in hospitalized adults with CAP. The safety profiles of all antibacterial agents were comparable， with novel tetracyclines showing a more favorable safety profile.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Xiaotan Zhitong gel on heel pain caused by plantar fasciitis.Methods A total of 72 patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis heel pain were randomly divided into observation group(36 cases)and control group(36 cases).Patients in the control group were treated with local application of diclofenac diethylamine emulgel twice a day and those in the treatment group were treated with Xiaotan Zhitong gel twice a day,with both treatments lasting for 28 d.The visual analogue scale(VAS)score of heel pain,the quantitative scale score of heel pain symptom grading,and the American Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)ankle-hindfoot score were evaluated before and after treatment.The changes of plantar fascia thickness were examined ultrasonographically before and after treatment in the 2 groups.The effective rates of treatment and the 3-month relapse rates were observed in the 2 groups.Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences in heel pain VAS score,heel pain symptom grading quantitative scale score,AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score,or plantar fascia thickness between the 2 groups(all P＞0.05).After treatment,the above indexes were improved in both groups compared with those before treatment(all P＜0.05);and the pain VAS score,heel pain symptom grading quantitative scale total score,heel pain symptom grading quantitative scale pain score,heel pain symptom grading quantitative scale pressure score,heel pain symptom grading quantitative scale dysfunction score,and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score in the observation group were significantly improved compared with those in the control group(all P＜0.05).The thickness of plantar fascia was significantly thinner than that of the control group(P＜0.05),and the insomnia scores on the heel pain symptom grading quantitative scale were not significantly different between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).The effective rate of the observation group(80.6%,29/36)was significantly higher than that of the control group(55.6%,20/36)(P＜0.05),and the 3-month recurrence rate in the observation group(16.7%,6/36)was significantly lower than that of the control group(41.7%,15/36)(P＜0.05).Conclusion Xiaotan Zhitong gel can reduce heel pain,improve foot function,and reduce plantar fascia thickness in patients with plantar fasciitis,also with low recurrence rate after treatment.

Objective To explore the mechanism of long non-coding RNA fibroblast activation inhibitory factor 1(FAIF1)regulates the proliferation,activation,and fibrosis of human cardiac fibroblasts induced by advanced glycation end products(AGEs).Methods Human cardiac fibroblasts were assigned to control group,AGE group,FAIF1 recombinant lentivirus(Lv-FAIF1)+AGE group or control lentivirus(Lv control)+AGE group.The expression levels of miRNA-424-5p,FAIF1,and Smad7 in myocardial fibroblasts induced by AGEs were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and Western blotting.Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the interactions between miRNA-424-5p,FAIF1,and Smad7;and luciferase reporter assays were used for verification.Cell proliferation activity was measured by cell counting kit 8 assay,the expression and secretion of collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ were observed by immunofluorescence staining,and the effect of Lv-FAIF1 on cell activation markers α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and migration proteins matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9)induced by AGEs was evaluated by qPCR.Results qPCR and Western blotting results showed that AGEs significantly reduced the expression of FAIF1 and Smad7 in myocardial fibroblasts and upregulated the level of miRNA-424-5p(compared with the control group,all P＜0.05).Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the 3'-untranslated region of Smad7 mRNA contained a binding site for the miRNA-424-5p seed sequence"UGCUGCU",and FAIF1 sequence contained 3 identical binding sites.Luciferase assays showed that miRNA-424-5p inhibited the expression of Smad7,while FAIF1 competed with miRNA-424-5p for binding,thereby relieving the inhibitory effect of miRNA-424-5p on Smad7 mRNA.Functional experiments showed that Lv-FAIF1 significantly inhibited AGEs-induced cell proliferation,collagenⅠ/Ⅲ expression and secretion,as well as α-SMA and MMP9 expression(compared with AGE group,all P＜0.01);and it promoted the expression of Smad7(compared with AGE group,P＜0.01).Conclusion miRNA-424-5p can inhibit the expression of Smad7,and FAIF1 effectively suppresses AGEs-induced over-activation of cardiac fibroblasts by regulating the miRNA-424-5p/Smad7 axis,which provides a new molecular target for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic interstitial lung disease, is characterized by aberrant wound healing, excessive scarring and the formation of myofibroblastic foci. Although the role of alternative splicing (AS) in the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis has garnered increasing attention, its specific contribution to pulmonary fibrosis remains incompletely understood. In this study, we identified an up-regulation of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7) in lung fibroblasts derived from IPF patients and a bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse model, and further characterized its functional role in both human fetal lung fibroblasts and mice. We demonstrated that enhanced expression of Srsf7 in mice spontaneously induced alveolar collagen accumulation. Mechanistically, we investigated alternative splicing events and revealed that SRSF7 modulates the alternative splicing of pyruvate kinase (PKM), leading to metabolic dysregulation and fibroblast activation. In vivo studies showed that fibroblast-specific knockout of Srsf7 in conditional knockout mice conferred resistance to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Importantly, through drug screening, we identified lomitapide as a novel modulator of SRSF7, which effectively mitigated experimental pulmonary fibrosis. Collectively, our findings elucidate a molecular pathway by which SRSF7 drives fibroblast metabolic dysregulation and propose a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.

Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research funding institution in China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has played a pivotal role in driving the progress of periodontal science by supporting research on periodontitis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research and development progress related to periodontitis in China from 2014 to 2023, highlighting the significant contributions of the NSFC to this field. We have summarized the detailed funding information from the NSFC, including the number of applicant codes, funded programs and the distribution of funded scholars. These data illustrate the efforts of the NSFC in cultivating young scientists and building research groups to address key challenges in national scientific research. This study offers an overview of the current hot topics, recent breakthroughs and future research prospects related to periodontitis in China.
China ; Periodontitis ; Humans ; Foundations ; Research Support as Topic ; Natural Science Disciplines ; Dental Research/economics*

As an important setting for the administration of vaccinations, the reasonable setting up and standardized management of vaccination clinics will enhance immunization service quality, public satisfaction, and improve the vaccination rate to protect people′s health. In recent years, various provinces in China are continuously promoting the standardized construction and management of vaccination clinics. However, the level of standardization management remains unbalanced, and the capacity of vaccination services needs to be further improved. This paper reviews the standardized management process of vaccination clinics, summarizes the practice and achievements in various regions, and analyzes the challenges and issues during these processes, to provide reference for improving the standardized management level of vaccination clinics in the future.

Gastric cancer, a highly malignant tumor, has seen a persistent rise in global incidence in recent years. Claudin 18.2, a protein with highly specific expression in gastric cancer, has emerged as a prominent research target in therapeutic development. The overexpression of Claudin 18.2 in gastric cancer cells and its abnormal surface exposure provide novel opportunities for targeted and immunotherapeutic interventions. Therapeutic approaches targeting Claudin 18.2 have shown promising initial results in clinical trials, primarily including monoclonal antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies. The authors systematically summarize the biological characteristics, mechanism of action, clinical research progress, and future treatment prospects and challenges of Claudin 18.2.

Gastric cancer, a highly malignant tumor, has seen a persistent rise in global incidence in recent years. Claudin 18.2, a protein with highly specific expression in gastric cancer, has emerged as a prominent research target in therapeutic development. The overexpression of Claudin 18.2 in gastric cancer cells and its abnormal surface exposure provide novel opportunities for targeted and immunotherapeutic interventions. Therapeutic approaches targeting Claudin 18.2 have shown promising initial results in clinical trials, primarily including monoclonal antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies. The authors systematically summarize the biological characteristics, mechanism of action, clinical research progress, and future treatment prospects and challenges of Claudin 18.2.

As an important setting for the administration of vaccinations, the reasonable setting up and standardized management of vaccination clinics will enhance immunization service quality, public satisfaction, and improve the vaccination rate to protect people′s health. In recent years, various provinces in China are continuously promoting the standardized construction and management of vaccination clinics. However, the level of standardization management remains unbalanced, and the capacity of vaccination services needs to be further improved. This paper reviews the standardized management process of vaccination clinics, summarizes the practice and achievements in various regions, and analyzes the challenges and issues during these processes, to provide reference for improving the standardized management level of vaccination clinics in the future.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy in decompression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) through a small incision, following precise localisation with auxiliary examinations, in the treatment of meralgia paraesthetica (MP) caused by pelvic fractures.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 6 patients with MP caused by pelvic fractures at the Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University between June 2019 and June 2022. Among the 6 patients with MP caused by pelvic fractures, 4 were treated conservatively, 1 received an internal fixation with a steel plate, and the other received an internal fixation with screws. The average time after the injury to surgery was 5.33 (range: 3-7) months. Preoperative ultrasound and CT scans were performed to identify the sites of compression on LFCN. After the decompression of LFCN, Visual analog scale (VAS) scores were employed to compare the therapeutic effectiveness with what that before surgery, at 3 months and within 1 year (7-11 months) after surgery. SPSS 26.0 data statistical was used analysis software for data analysis and processing, the data was represented as (Mean ± SD). Friedman test was used to compare the differences in VAS scores among 6 patients before surgery, at first postoperative follow-up, and second postoperative follow-up. If the differences were statistically significant, pairwise comparisons were further conducted, and the Bonferroni correction method was used to adjust the significance level. P<0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference. Results:After the LFCN decompression, all patients showed a decrease in VAS scores with significantly reduced area of skin paraesthesia at the first postoperative follow-up review. At the second review, all patients scored VAS zero, except 1 who was scored 2. There was a statistically significant difference compared to preoperative VAS scores (Friedman test: χ2=12.0, P=0.002; paired t-test: P=0.002). Conclusion:For the meralgia paraesthetica caused by pelvic fractures, compression points on LFCN can be easily identified through auxiliary examinations. Precise release of the LFCN from compression through a small incision, after an accurate localisation, provides a rapid and complete relief of pain and sensory abnormalities.