This study aims to investigate the effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 on obe-sity prevention.In our study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 was added to the diet for feed-ing,and the blood biochemistry status of rabbit,as well as the antioxidant effect of serum and liver samples were analyzed by determining the body weight change and feed intake of Japanese White rabbits.The changes in colony structure and abundance were also analyzed by 16S rDNA sequen-cing.The results showed that supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 inhibits weight gain,decreases serum glucose and ALT levels,and increases SOD activity in the liver.16S RNA gene sequencing analysis showed that the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Desulfovibrioides at the phylum level,and the supple-mentation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Muribaculaceae at the genus level.Predictive analysis of microbiota function revealed that the supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 positively regulated iron-sulfur clusters and Zn-dependent proteases.In conclusion,the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum effectively inhibits weight gain in Japanese White rabbits,enhances the antioxidative activity of the liver,and induces altera-tions in the gut microbiota composition of these rabbits.These findings lay an experimental foun-dation for further exploring the mechanisms by which Lactobacillus plantarum LP12 exerts its preventive effects against obesity and promotes metabolic health.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 on obe-sity prevention.In our study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 was added to the diet for feed-ing,and the blood biochemistry status of rabbit,as well as the antioxidant effect of serum and liver samples were analyzed by determining the body weight change and feed intake of Japanese White rabbits.The changes in colony structure and abundance were also analyzed by 16S rDNA sequen-cing.The results showed that supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 inhibits weight gain,decreases serum glucose and ALT levels,and increases SOD activity in the liver.16S RNA gene sequencing analysis showed that the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Desulfovibrioides at the phylum level,and the supple-mentation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Muribaculaceae at the genus level.Predictive analysis of microbiota function revealed that the supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 positively regulated iron-sulfur clusters and Zn-dependent proteases.In conclusion,the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum effectively inhibits weight gain in Japanese White rabbits,enhances the antioxidative activity of the liver,and induces altera-tions in the gut microbiota composition of these rabbits.These findings lay an experimental foun-dation for further exploring the mechanisms by which Lactobacillus plantarum LP12 exerts its preventive effects against obesity and promotes metabolic health.

Objective:To explore the safety of simnotrelvir/ritonavir in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods:The medical records of adult patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Lequn Branch, Hospital of the First Hospital of Jilin University from June 9 to September 30, 2023 and treated with simnotrelvir/ritonavir were collected. According to whether adverse drug reactions (ADR) related to simnotrelvir/ritonavir occurred, the patients were divided into ADR group and non-ADR group. The clinical data, occurrence time of ADR, clinical manifestations, severity, treatment and outcome of patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results:A total of 189 patients were enrolled in this study, including 92 males (48.7%) and 97 females (51.3%), with a median age of 69 (60.5, 74.0) years. The usage and dosage of simnotrelvir/ritonavir were in accordance with the instructions (0.75 g of simnotrelvir and 0.1 g of ritonavir orally, once every 12 hours for 5 days). ADR related to simnotrelvir/ritonavir occurred in 18 of 189 patients (9.5%). There were no significant differences (all P>0.05) in gender, age, smoking status, COVID-19 classification and the proportion of patients with basic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, lung disease, and tumor after surgery between the ADR group (18 patients) and non-ADR group (171 patients). The difference in the propation of patients with liver injury and kidney injury between the 2 groups were statistically significant (both P<0.05). A total of 23 cases of ADR occurred in the ADR group. The occurrence time of ADR was 1 to 8 days after taking simnotrelvir/ritonavir. The clinical manifestations of ADR included digestive system symptoms, elevated transaminases, elevated serum creatinine, elevated serum uric acid, decreased platelet count, decreased white blood cell and neutrophil counts, dizziness, headache, etc. Five patients had 2 kinds of symptoms at the same time. The severity of ADR was grade 1 in 12 patients and grade 2 in 6 patients, and no ≥ grade 3 severe ADR occurred. Except one patient who stopped taking medication due to thrombocytopenia, all other patients completed 5-day treatment. The ADR disappeared after discontinuation of simnotrelvir/ritonavir and 1 to 5 days of symptomatic treatments. Conclusions:Simnotrelvir/ritonavir has a good safety in the treatment for COVID-19. The main ADRs are diarrhea and elevated transaminases, with the severity of grade 1-2 and the ADRs disappear after drug withdrawal. The patients with liver and kidney injury should be more alert to the occurrence of ADR when applying simnotrelvir/ritonavir.

Objective:To explore the safety of simnotrelvir/ritonavir in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods:The medical records of adult patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Lequn Branch, Hospital of the First Hospital of Jilin University from June 9 to September 30, 2023 and treated with simnotrelvir/ritonavir were collected. According to whether adverse drug reactions (ADR) related to simnotrelvir/ritonavir occurred, the patients were divided into ADR group and non-ADR group. The clinical data, occurrence time of ADR, clinical manifestations, severity, treatment and outcome of patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results:A total of 189 patients were enrolled in this study, including 92 males (48.7%) and 97 females (51.3%), with a median age of 69 (60.5, 74.0) years. The usage and dosage of simnotrelvir/ritonavir were in accordance with the instructions (0.75 g of simnotrelvir and 0.1 g of ritonavir orally, once every 12 hours for 5 days). ADR related to simnotrelvir/ritonavir occurred in 18 of 189 patients (9.5%). There were no significant differences (all P>0.05) in gender, age, smoking status, COVID-19 classification and the proportion of patients with basic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, lung disease, and tumor after surgery between the ADR group (18 patients) and non-ADR group (171 patients). The difference in the propation of patients with liver injury and kidney injury between the 2 groups were statistically significant (both P<0.05). A total of 23 cases of ADR occurred in the ADR group. The occurrence time of ADR was 1 to 8 days after taking simnotrelvir/ritonavir. The clinical manifestations of ADR included digestive system symptoms, elevated transaminases, elevated serum creatinine, elevated serum uric acid, decreased platelet count, decreased white blood cell and neutrophil counts, dizziness, headache, etc. Five patients had 2 kinds of symptoms at the same time. The severity of ADR was grade 1 in 12 patients and grade 2 in 6 patients, and no ≥ grade 3 severe ADR occurred. Except one patient who stopped taking medication due to thrombocytopenia, all other patients completed 5-day treatment. The ADR disappeared after discontinuation of simnotrelvir/ritonavir and 1 to 5 days of symptomatic treatments. Conclusions:Simnotrelvir/ritonavir has a good safety in the treatment for COVID-19. The main ADRs are diarrhea and elevated transaminases, with the severity of grade 1-2 and the ADRs disappear after drug withdrawal. The patients with liver and kidney injury should be more alert to the occurrence of ADR when applying simnotrelvir/ritonavir.

Objective:To explore the application effect of case-based learning (CBL) and lecture-based learning (LBL) in the teaching of image post-processing course in the standardized training system of medical imaging technology.Methods:A total of 34 trainees in the standardized training of imaging technology of Batch 2018 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to their student numbers, with 17 students in each group. CBL teaching was carried out in the experimental group, and LBL teaching was carried out in the control group. According to the standardized training course design, after one year of image post-processing course teaching, the teaching effect was evaluated through closed-book examination, questionnaire survey and post-processing test. SPSS 20.0 was used for t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results:The scores of closed-book examinations (74.42±6.10) and post-processing test (73.47±6.03) in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [(69.11±3.70) and (69.08±6.51)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The questionnaire survey showed that the students in the experimental group recognized CBL teaching in terms of learning interests stimulation, classroom atmosphere mobilization, clinical thinking cultivation, self-study ability training, and analysis of difficult and rare cases, etc. Conclusion:In the image post-processing course of standardized training of medical imaging technology, the rational application of CBL teaching mode is helpful to improve students' learning enthusiasm, self-learning ability, comprehensive analysis of clinical ability, practical ability, innovation consciousness and so on.

Molecular knowledge of human gastric corpus epithelium remains incomplete. Here, by integrated analyses using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics, and single-cell assay for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) techniques, we uncovered the spatially resolved expression landscape and gene-regulatory network of human gastric corpus epithelium. Specifically, we identified a stem/progenitor cell population in the isthmus of human gastric corpus, where EGF and WNT signaling pathways were activated. Meanwhile, LGR4, but not LGR5, was responsible for the activation of WNT signaling pathway. Importantly, FABP5 and NME1 were identified and validated as crucial for both normal gastric stem/progenitor cells and gastric cancer cells. Finally, we explored the epigenetic regulation of critical genes for gastric corpus epithelium at chromatin state level, and identified several important cell-type-specific transcription factors. In summary, our work provides novel insights to systematically understand the cellular diversity and homeostasis of human gastric corpus epithelium in vivo.
Humans ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism* ; Chromatin/metabolism* ; Stem Cells ; Epithelium/metabolism* ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/metabolism*

Objective: To clinically validate the feasibility and accuracy of cine images acquired through the multitasking method, with no electrocardiogram gating and free-breathing, in measuring left ventricular (LV) function indices by comparing them with those acquired through the balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) method, with multiple breath-holds and electrocardiogram gating. Materials and Methods: Forty-three healthy volunteers (female:male, 30:13; mean age, 23.1 ± 2.3 years) and 36 patients requiring an assessment of LV function for various clinical indications (female:male, 22:14; 57.8 ± 11.3 years) were enrolled in this prospective study. Each participant underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the multiple breath-hold bSSFP method and free-breathing multitasking method. LV function parameters were measured for both MRI methods. Image quality was assessed through subjective image quality scores (1 to 5) and calculation of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the myocardium and blood pool. Differences between the two MRI methods were analyzed using the Bland–Altman plot, paired t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, as appropriate. Results: LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was not significantly different between the two MRI methods (P = 0.222 in healthy volunteers and P = 0.343 in patients). LV end-diastolic mass was slightly overestimated with multitasking in both healthy volunteers (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 60.5 ± 10.7 g vs. 58.0 ± 10.4 g, respectively; P < 0.001) and patients (69.4 ± 18.1 g vs. 66.8 ± 18.0 g, respectively; P = 0.003). Acceptable and comparable image quality was achieved for both MRI methods (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 4.5 ± 0.7 vs. 4.6 ± 0.6, respectively; P = 0.203). The CNR between the myocardium and blood pool showed no significant differences between the two MRI methods (18.89 ± 6.65 vs. 18.19 ± 5.83, respectively; P = 0.480). Conclusion Multitasking-derived cine images obtained without electrocardiogram gating and breath-holding achieved similar image quality and accurate quantification of LVEF in healthy volunteers and patients.

Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma has high medicinal value and is widely used in compatibility. It is used most frequently in the compatibility of Chinese medicine prescriptions，and is known as ''Guolao''（national medicine） and "master of all medicines". The characteristic active ingredients are mainly liquitin，glycyrrizic acid，glycyrrizin，and licochalcone. In different compatibilities，based on traditional and modern pharmacological theories，the corresponding effect of Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma are brought into play through different mechanisms. Based on the traditional pharmacology of Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma for tonifying spleen，replenishing Qi，clearing heat，removing toxin，dispelling phlegm，relieving cough and pain，and harmonizing various medicines，this paper used herbal authentication to analyze its compatibility application and mechanism. It was found that Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma played corresponding effect in compatibilities through "tonification"，"harmonization"，and "regulation". For example，Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma was combined with tonics including Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma to tonify the five Zang-organs through its strong tonifying effect，combined with Paeoniae Radix Alba and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata to relieve emergencies and pains through harmonizing medicine power and properties，and combined with Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Natrii Sulfas to reduce medicine intensity through regulating medicine properties and body characteristics. The application law and mechanism of the modern pharmacological compatibility of Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma were analyzed by data mining and network pharmacology. It was found that the modern clinical formula was often compatible with Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma for anti-inflammation，cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection，anti-virus，and anti-tumor，Ephedrae Herba and Scutellariae Radix for anti-inflammation，Bambusae Caulis in Taenias，Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma，and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection，and Ophiopogonis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma for nerves protection. Meanwhile，the important targets of the characteristic ingredients were protein kinase B1 （Akt1），interleukin-6 （IL-6），tumor necrosis factor （TNF），and epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）. The important characteristic pathways such as tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathway and cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP）/protein kinase G （PKG） signal pathway played the role of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection，and proteoglycan pathway in cancer played a neuroprotective role. This study is expected to provide references for the rational compatibility and application of Glycyrrizae Radix et Rhizoma，as well as the compatibility application of Chinese medicine prescriptions.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between vulnerability of mouse coronary artery plaque and downstream myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain.Methods:Thirteen ApoE knockout mice with stable coronary plaques (stable plaque group)and 13 ApoE knockout mice with vulnerable coronary plaques(vulnerable plaque group) were selected as the experimental group, and 15 sex- and age-matched C57BL/6 mice with the same genetic background as ApoE mice were chosed as the control group. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was carried out to quantify regional myocardial perfusion at rest and during adenosine stress using a Vevo 2100 system (Visual sonics). Replenishment curves of myocardial contrast were obtained, and rates of signal rise (β) and plateau intensity (A) were recorded. MBF was estimated by the product of A and β. Speckle tracking imaging combined with adenosine stress test was used to evaluate the longitudinal strain of left ventricular myocardium in mice. The vulnerability of the plaque was assessed by histopathology in serial tissue sections of proximal and middle left coronary artery according to the previously reported method.Results:There were no significant differences in body weight, heart rate, left ventricular end diastolic volume, left ventricular end systolic volume, left ventricular mass and ejection fraction among the three groups( P>0.05). The levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein in stable plaque group and vulnerable plaque group were significantly increased when compared with those in control group (all P<0.05). The pathological results showed that the coronary luminal stenosis rates in the stable plaque group and the vulnerable plaque group were (74.3±4.9)% and (75.5±7.1)% respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). MBF of the middle anterior septum and left ventricular posterior wall in the experimental groups were significantly decreased when compared with that in the control group both in the resting status and during adenosine stress(all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the MCE parameters between the stable plaque group and the vulnerable plaque group at rest( P>0.05). However, during adenosine stress, MBF of the vulnerable plaque group was decreased more significantly than that of the stable plaque group ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the values of longitudinal strain of the left ventricle in both experimental groups were decreased during resting status, without statistical significance (all P>0.05), but decreased significantly during adenosine stress and with more decrease in the vulnerable plaque group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:For the same degree of coronary artery stenosis in mice, the coronary artery vulnerable plaque group has less downstream myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain than the stable plaque group during adenosine stress. That is, the plaque vulnerability can affect the downstream myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain in the mouse model.

Objective: This study used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare the characteristics of left ventricular remodeling in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) with those of patients with essential hypertension (EH) and healthy controls (HCs). Materials and Methods: This prospective study enrolled 35 patients with PA, in addition to 35 age- and sex-matched patients with EH, and 35 age- and sex-matched HCs, all of whom underwent comprehensive clinical and cardiac MRI examinations. The analysis of variance was used to detect the differences in the characteristics of left ventricular remodeling among the three groups. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationships between left ventricular remodeling and the physiological variables. Results: The left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (EDVi) (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 85.1 ± 13.0 mL/m2 for PA, 75.9 ± 14.3 mL/m2 for EH, and 77.3 ± 12.8 mL/m2 for HC; p = 0.010), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (ESVi) (mean ± SD: 35.2 ± 9.8 mL/m2 for PA, 30.7 ± 8.1 mL/m2 for EH, and 29.5 ± 7.0 mL/m2 for HC; p = 0.013), left ventricular mass index (mean ± SD: 65.8 ± 16.5 g/m2 for PA, 56.9 ± 12.1 g/m2 for EH, and 44.1 ± 8.9 g/m2 for HC; p < 0.001), and native T1 (mean ± SD: 1224 ± 39 ms for PA, 1201 ± 47 ms for EH, and 1200 ± 44 ms for HC; p = 0.041) values were higher in the PA group compared to the EH and HC groups. Multivariable linear regression demonstrated that log (plasma aldosteroneto-renin ratio) was independently correlated with EDVi and ESVi. Plasma aldosterone was independently correlated with native T1. Conclusion Patients with PA showed a greater degree of ventricular hypertrophy and enlargement, as well as myocardial fibrosis, compared to those with EH. Cardiac MRI T1 mapping can detect left ventricular myocardial fibrosis in patients with PA.