This study explored the correlation between color and chemical components of Chrysanthemi Indici Flos(CIF), aiming at providing a reference for its procurement, evaluation, and breeding. Colorimeter and ultra-performance liquid chromatograph(UPLC) were used to determine the color(lightness-shade chromaticity value L~*, red-green chromaticity value a~*, yellow-blue chromati-city value b~*) and chemical components(cynaroside, linarin, luteolin, apigenin, and chlorogenic acid) of 84 CIF germplasms, respectively. Diversity analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and cluster analysis were performed. The results showed that the color and chemical components of CIF were diversified. Chlorogenic acid was in significantly positive correlation with L~* and b~* and significantly negative correlation with a~*. Cynaroside and grey relational grade γ_i of chemical components were in significantly po-sitive correlation with b~* and L~*, respectively, whereas linarin, luteolin, and apigenin had no significant correlation with L~*, a~*, or b~*. The 84 CIF germplasms were clustered into 4 clades. In addition, germplasms in clade Ⅲ had higher γ_i and total color value(E~*_(ab)) than those in other clades, with the best quality and color, and a germplasm with the highest quality, bright yellow color, and highest content of linarin was screened out in this clade. Thus, CIF with bright yellow color had high content of cymaroside and chlorogenic acid and thereby high quality. In summary, the color can be used to quickly predict the quality of CIF. Our results provided data for the evaluation of CIF quality by color and a reference for its procurement and breeding.
Chrysanthemum/chemistry* ; Luteolin/analysis* ; Chlorogenic Acid/analysis* ; Apigenin/analysis* ; Plant Breeding ; Excipients ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*

Humans ; Autistic Disorder ; China/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics* ; Asian People

Objective:To explore the effect of observation, teaching and discussion (OTD) teaching in the training of junior nurses in Ophthalmology Department.Methods:From January 2018 to January 2020, convenience sampling was used to select 102 junior nurses in the Ophthalmology Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University as the research subject. The 49 nurses who received traditional teaching training from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the control group, and the 53 nurses who received OTD teaching training from February 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the observation group. The self-directed learning ability and critical thinking ability of the two groups of nurses were compared.Results:The total score and each dimension of the Chinese version of the Self-Rating Scale of Self-Directed Learning for nurses in the observation group, and the total score and each dimension score of the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:OTD teaching can improve the self-directed learning ability and critical thinking ability of junior nurses in Ophthalmology Department, which is worthy of popularization and application.

Objective:To retrieve and obtain relevant evidence of intra-abdominal pressure-oriented enteral nutrition assessment and management in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension, in order to provide evidence-based evidence for clinical medical staff to make enteral nutrition-related clinical decisions for patients with intra-abdominal hypertension.Methods:Systematic retrieval of Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature, UpToDate, PubMed, Cochrane Library, BMJ Best Practice and other English data, as well as domestic and foreign guidelines such as American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, etc. All evidence available on the Internet in both Chinese and English on intra-abdominal pressure-guided enteral nutrition strategies in adults with intra-abdominal hypertension, study types including clinical decision-making, systematic reviews/meta-analyses, evidence summaries, expert consensus, guidelines or related to the subject of this study closely related high-quality original research. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to November 2021. The literature evaluation tool was selected according to the research type. Two researchers trained in the evidence-based system independently evaluate the quality of the included literature, fully considering the clinical situation and expert opinions, and completed the evidence. Extracted and summarized.Results:Totally 13 articles were finally included, including 5 guidelines, 3 expert consensuses, 1 evidence summary and 4 original studies, and 29 evidence-based practice evidence of enteral nutrition in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension were collected, including the monitoring timing of enteral pressure, the pressure of enteral high pressure and the way of enteral nutrition, the pressure measurement of the abdominal cavity, the setting of abdominal pressure, the temperature conditions for early start of enteral nutrition, the selection of enteral pressure, the temperature setting of enteral nutrition nine aspects such as speed and regulation of internal nutrition and abdominal compartment syndrome prevention.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence of intra-abdominal pressure management and enteral nutrition therapy in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension, and provides evidence-based basis for risk management, standardizing clinical practice, and ensuring treatment safety. In the stage of evidence transformation, clinical medical staff need to comprehensively weigh the benefits and risks of early enteral nutrition, and integrate evidence in combination with clinical practical application scenarios, so as to form a standardized early enteral nutrition management plan suitable for patients with intra-abdominal hypertension.

Membrane-disruptive peptides/peptidomimetics (MDPs) are antimicrobials or anticarcinogens that present a general killing mechanism through the physical disruption of cell membranes, in contrast to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, which act on precise targets such as DNA or specific enzymes. Owing to their rapid action, broad-spectrum activity, and mechanisms of action that potentially hinder the development of resistance, MDPs have been increasingly considered as future therapeutics in the drug-resistant era. Recently, growing experimental evidence has demonstrated that MDPs can also be utilized as adjuvants to enhance the therapeutic effects of other agents. In this review, we evaluate the literature around the broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and anticancer activity of MDPs, and summarize the current development and mechanisms of MDPs alone or in combination with other agents. Notably, this review highlights recent advances in the design of various MDP-based drug delivery systems that can improve the therapeutic effect of MDPs, minimize side effects, and promote the co-delivery of multiple chemotherapeutics, for more efficient antimicrobial and anticancer therapy.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term effect and safety of chrono-chemotherapy combined with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: 160 patients with locally advanced NPC were randomly divided into a chrono group and conventional group according to random number table. In the first stage, all patients underwent two cycles of induced chemotherapy, consisting of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-Fu every 21 days. Notably, patients received chrono-moduated chemotherapy according to circadian rhythm in the chrono group, and conventional chemotherapy in the conventional group. Then, 21 days after the completion of first stage, three cycles of concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy every 21 days were given to all patients during IMRT. The median follow-up after the completion of radiotherapy was 31 months. Long-term side effects and the survival of patients were observed. Results: Patients in the chrono group had significantly lower rates of hearing loss (22.72%), dysphagia (0) and neck fibrosis (4.54%) compared with those in the conventional group (39.13%、8.69%, 15.94%, respectively, all P<0.05). Meanwhile, the 1- year overall survival rates (97.0% vs 92.8%), 3-year overall survival rates (80.3% vs 81.2%), 1-year progression free survival rates (95.5% vs 87.0%), 3-year progression free survival rates (71.2% vs 73.9%), 1-year locoregional relapse-free survival rates (97.0% vs 95.7%), 1-year locoregional relapse-free survival rates (92.4% vs 92.8%), 1-year distant metastasis-free survival rates (97.0% vs 98.6%) and 3-year distant metastasis-free survival rates (90.9% vs 91.3%) between the chrono group and the conventional group were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with conventional chemotherapy, chrono-chemotherapy combined with IMRT didn′t affect long-term survival, but reducing the incidence of adverse events in patients with locally advanced NPC.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Kouyanqing granule combined with ornidazole on the expression of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) in patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods:From October 2018 to October 2019, 162 patients with chronic periodontitis admitted to the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District were divided into observation group (81 cases) and control group (81 cases) according to the random digital table method.The control group was treated with ornidazole, and the observation group was treated with Kouyanqing granules on the basis of the control group.The course of treatment in both two groups was 4 weeks.The changes of plaque index (PLI), probing depth of periodontal pocket (PD), bleeding index (BI), HMGB1, TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-23 and adverse reactions were compared before and after treatment.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group (91.36%) was higher than that of the control group (77.78%) (χ 2=5.723, P<0.05). The PLI(0.93±0.16), PD[(3.15±0.37)mm] and BI(1.35±0.24) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(1.42±0.24), (4.28±0.45)mm and (2.18±0.28)] ( t=15.289, 17.457, 20.256, all P<0.05). The levels of HMGB1 [(0.78±0.13)μg/L], TNF-α[(3.10±0.32)μg/L], IL-17[(368.19±24.31)ng/L] and IL-23[(7.63±0.89)ng/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(0.96±0.10)μg/L, (4.34±0.46)μg/L, (457.32±21.35)ng/L and (10.32±1.25)ng/L] ( t=9.877, 19.916, 24.793, 15.777, all P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group (6.17%) was lower than that in the control group (17.28%) (χ 2=4.830, P<0.05). Conclusion:Kouyanqing granule combined with ornidazole is effective in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.It can reduce the levels of HMGB1, TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-23, and has few adverse reactions.

Objective: To compare the adverse events, immune status, and short-term efficacy between chronomodulated chemotherapy (CCR) and routine chemotherapy (RCR) combined with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)in the treatment of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: A total of 159 patients with newly diagnosed locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were randomized into the CCR group and the RCR group to evaluate the short-term efficacy and adverse events. Results: No significant difference was found in CR, PR, SD, and PD between the CCR group and the RCR group (P>0.05), and no significant difference was observed in the response rate (CR+ PR) between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of leukopenia(Z=-2.222, P<0.05), neutropenia(Z=-1.999, P<0.05), vomiting(Z=-2.298, P<0.05), and oral mucositis(Z=-3.571, P<0.05)of the CCR group was lower than those of the RCR group with statistical significance. The CD16+ 56+ lymphocyte cell count was higher in the CCR group than that in the RCR group(Z=-2.332, P<0.05). Conclusions As a novel invention, CCR combined with IMRT can reduce the incidence and severity of treatment-related adverse events and improve immune status without diminishing clinical efficacy, therefore deserving clinical application.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of dysplastic nodules with a focus of hepatocellular carcinoma ( DN-HCC ) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound ( CEUS ) and to improve the diagnostic accuracy . Methods The clinical data of 60 patients and CEUS imaging of 62 hepatic nodules [DN-HCCs , n =54 ;dysplastic nodules (DN) , n =8] pathologically proved were reviewed retrospectively . According to Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (CEUS LI-RADS) , the lesions were categorized . Results Significantly different CEUS patterns between DN-HCCs and DNs were observed ( P < 0 .05) . During the arterial phase ,54 DN-HCC lesions showed various enhancement patterns [ hypervascular ,59 .3％ ( 32/54 ) ;nodule-in-nodule ,9 .3％ ( 5/54 ) ;isovascular ,13 .0％ ( 7/54 ) and hypovascular ,18 .5％ (10/54)] . Of the 54 DN-HCC lesions ,44 .4％ (24/54) showed washout during the late phase .Of the 8 DN lesions ,62 .5％ (5/8) showed iso-enhancement during the arterial phase ,25％ (2/8) showed hypo-enhancement ,and 12 .5％ (1/8) showed hyper-enhancement . No DN lesion showed washout during the late phase .According to CEUS LI-RADS (LR) algorithm ,27 .8％ (15/54) DN-HCCs were LR-5 ,46 .3％ (25/54) DN-HCCs were LR-4 ,25 .9％ (14/54) DN-HCCs and 100％ (8/8) DNs were LR-3 . Regarding hyper-enhancement ( including local hyper-enhancement ) during the arterial phase or hypo-enhancement (including local hypo-enhancement) during the late phase as the diagnostic standard of DN-HCC , the diagnostic sensitivity , specificity and accuracy value were 83 .3％ , 87 .5％ and 83 .9％ , respectively . Conclusions The imaging features of hyper-enhancement during the arterial phase or hypo-enhancement during the late phase on CEUS are useful to diagnose DN-HCCs .

Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) on the diagnosis of undetected liver cancer.Methods The study was focused on 85 consecutive patients from Jan 2015 to Sep 2016.The patients suspected liver cancer by clinical symptoms and other imaging studies were examined for regular gray-scale ultrasound and CEUS.Results Ninety-two lesions in 85 patients were confirmed by surgery,clinic manifestation and other imaging.All lesions including invisible or poorly invisible with greyscale ultrasound were examined by CEUS with the guideline of MRI imaging.Twenty lesions were detected by grey-scale ultrasound,89 lesions were detected by CEUS.The maximum diameter of those hepatic lesions was 20 mm × 18 mm,the minimum lesions was 8 mm × 6 mm.All the lesions were isoechoic,slightly hyperechoic or hypoechoic on grey-scale sonogram with mostly indistinctive margins.After SonoVue administration,82 lesions (92.1 ％) displayed as hyper-enhanced in arterial phase and 7 lesions (7.9 ％) as iso-enhanced.Sixty-one lesions(68.5 ％) showed hypo-enhanced and 28 lesions (31.5 ％) showed iso-enhanced in portal-vein phase.Seventy-four lesions(83.1 ％) showed hypo-enhancement and 15 lesions (16.9 ％) also showed iso-enhanced in late phase.The average enhancement time began at (15.3 ±6.1)s,reached to peak at (25.2 ± 8.8)s and decreased from (95.7 ± 57.8)s.Among 89 lesions,61 lesions (68.5％) were accordanced with fast in fast out and 28 lesions (31.5％) were no fast in fast out.The percentage of no fast in fast out on CEUS in undetected liver tumor was higher than in common liver tumor,the comparative difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Contrast-enhanced ultrasound has a more characteristic performance in undetected liver cancer and the higher detection rate than grey scale ultrasound.