This study aims to investigate the effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 on obe-sity prevention.In our study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 was added to the diet for feed-ing,and the blood biochemistry status of rabbit,as well as the antioxidant effect of serum and liver samples were analyzed by determining the body weight change and feed intake of Japanese White rabbits.The changes in colony structure and abundance were also analyzed by 16S rDNA sequen-cing.The results showed that supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 inhibits weight gain,decreases serum glucose and ALT levels,and increases SOD activity in the liver.16S RNA gene sequencing analysis showed that the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Desulfovibrioides at the phylum level,and the supple-mentation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Muribaculaceae at the genus level.Predictive analysis of microbiota function revealed that the supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 positively regulated iron-sulfur clusters and Zn-dependent proteases.In conclusion,the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum effectively inhibits weight gain in Japanese White rabbits,enhances the antioxidative activity of the liver,and induces altera-tions in the gut microbiota composition of these rabbits.These findings lay an experimental foun-dation for further exploring the mechanisms by which Lactobacillus plantarum LP12 exerts its preventive effects against obesity and promotes metabolic health.

Objective To explore the need and evaluate the effectiveness for head-simulator in the teaching of sto-matology within the eight-year program of clinical medicine.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among the students from 2017 cohort of the eight-year program of clinical medicine at Peking Union Medical College.The survey results were statistically analyzed and described.Results Totally 87.9％of the students believed that incor-porating head-simulator into the clinical practice course of stomatology were necessary,and 93.9％expressed will-ingness to join the training.Most students preferred to practice peri-odontal scaling and cavity preparation for caries during the simulated training sessions.The majority of students considered two or four class hours of simulated head teaching to be reasonable.The pilot head simulation training was successfully implemented;75.0％of the students acknowledged clear teaching and convincible demonstrations.All the trainees agreed that the head simulation course helped them better understand stomatology knowledge,stimulated their interest in learning and expressed a desire for increased head simulation sessions during clinical practice course of stomatology.Additionally,87.5％of the students preferred head simulation training course to be applied in classic clinical clerkships.Conclusions There is strong demand among students of eight-year program of clinical medicine for incorporating head-simulator into the education of stomatology.The pilot simulation training received positive evaluations.Further exploration is needed to optimize specific scheduling and content arrangement.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 on obe-sity prevention.In our study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 was added to the diet for feed-ing,and the blood biochemistry status of rabbit,as well as the antioxidant effect of serum and liver samples were analyzed by determining the body weight change and feed intake of Japanese White rabbits.The changes in colony structure and abundance were also analyzed by 16S rDNA sequen-cing.The results showed that supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 inhibits weight gain,decreases serum glucose and ALT levels,and increases SOD activity in the liver.16S RNA gene sequencing analysis showed that the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Desulfovibrioides at the phylum level,and the supple-mentation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 increases the abundance of Muribaculaceae at the genus level.Predictive analysis of microbiota function revealed that the supplementation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP12 positively regulated iron-sulfur clusters and Zn-dependent proteases.In conclusion,the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum effectively inhibits weight gain in Japanese White rabbits,enhances the antioxidative activity of the liver,and induces altera-tions in the gut microbiota composition of these rabbits.These findings lay an experimental foun-dation for further exploring the mechanisms by which Lactobacillus plantarum LP12 exerts its preventive effects against obesity and promotes metabolic health.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Baihuan Xiaoyao Decoction （Xiaoyaosan added with Lilii Bulbus and Albiziae Cortex） in alleviating depression-like behaviors of juvenile rats by regulating the polarization of microglia. MethodSixty juvenile SD rats were randomized into normal control， model， fluoxetine， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （5.36， 10.71， 21.42 g·kg^-1， respectively） Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction groups. The rat model of juvenile depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. The sucrose preference test （SPT） was carried out to examine the sucrose preference of rats. Forced swimming test （FST） was carried out to measure the immobility time of rats. The open field test （OFT） was conducted to measure the total distance， the central distance， the number of horizontal crossings， and the frequency of rearing. Morris water maze （MWM） was used to measure the escape latency and the number of crossing the platform. The immunofluorescence assay was employed to detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS， the polarization marker of M1 microglia） and CD206 （the polarization marker of M2 microglia）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the mRNA levels of iNOS， CD206， pro-inflammatory cytokines ［tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， interleukin （IL）-1β， and IL-6］ and anti-inflammatory cytokines （IL-4 and IL-10） in the hippocampus. Western blotting was employed to determine the protein levels of iNOS and CD206 in the hippocampus. The levels of IL-4 and IL-6 in the hippocampus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ResultCompared with the normal control group， the model rats showed a reduction in sucrose preference （P<0.05）， an increase in immobility time （P<0.05）， decreased motor and exploratory behaviors （P<0.05）， and weakened learning and spatial memory （P<0.05）. In addition， the model rats showed up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of iNOS and mRNA levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction increased the sucrose preference value （P<0.05）， shortened the immobility time （P<0.01）， increased the motor and exploratory behaviors （P<0.05）， and improved the learning and spatial memory （P<0.01）. Furthermore， the decoction down-regulated the positive expression and protein level of iNOS， lowered the levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.01）， promoted the positive expression of CD206， and elevated the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 （P<0.01） in the hippocampus of the high dose group. Moreover， the high-dose Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction group had higher sucrose preference value （P<0.01）， shorter immobility time （P<0.01）， longer central distance （P<0.01）， stronger learning and spatial memory （P<0.01）， higher positive expression and protein level of iNOS （P<0.01）， lower levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lower positive expression and mRNA level of iNOS （P<0.05）， and higher levels of IL-4 and IL-10 （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the fluoxetine group. ConclusionBaihuan Xiaoyao decoction can improve the depression-like behavior of juvenile rats by inhibiting the M1 polarization and promoting the M2 polarization of microglia in the hippocampus.

BACKGROUND:With social progress,the incidence rate of knee osteoarthritis is getting higher and higher in the face of the rapidly developing aging problem in the social population,and the number of total knee replacement operations is gradually increasing. OBJECTIVE:To study the relationship between prosthesis size and stress shielding by improving the tibial prosthesis base. METHODS:A female patient with severe knee osteoarthritis was selected.Based on Mimics,through extracting the bone structure of the knee joint and simulating the total knee replacement surgery,osteotomy,positioning,and implantation operations were carried out to establish the geometric modeling of the total knee replacement prosthesis(including the femoral prosthesis,tibial bracket,and tibial pad),and improve the design of the tibial prosthesis base,analyze the effect of different tibial prosthesis bases on stress shielding of surrounding bone tissue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with single-stem tibial intramedullary stem prosthesis,the design of four-post tibial intramedullary stem prosthesis created a certain degree of stress shielding around the short stem.However,compared with a thicker single long stem,this stress shielding effect was significantly reduced,and the load was evenly distributed among the four short stems,so there was no stress concentration at the bottom of the pile.(2)The design with a rectangular hole in the middle not only provided relatively good stability,but also helped to reduce stress shielding of cancellous bone to a certain extent,with a reduction rate of 77.5%.(3)Compared with a single-stem tibial intramedullary stem prosthesis,both the four-post tibial intramedullary stem prosthesis and the four-post tibial intramedullary stem prosthesis with a hole in the middle have good stability,which can reduce stress shielding to a certain extent without causing stress concentration,providing theoretical guidance for the design of the tibial intramedullary stem.

Purpose To investigate the consistency of the"Standards and guidelines for the interpretation and reporting of sequence variants in cancer"published in 2017 by the Associa-tion for Molecular Pathology(AMP)/American Society of Clini-cal Oncology(ASCO)/College of American Pathologists(CAP).Methods Sixty variants of 26 genes from 11 types of cancer were selected.5 professionals from four hospitals e-quipped with in-hospital NGS detection ability were used to in-terpret the treatment,diagnosis and progenosis respectivly.In the first phase of the study,each researcher rated the variants individually according to their own understanding of the 2017 guideline.In the second phase,the details of the guidelines'e-valuation principles were discussed and interpreted again after reaching a consensus.Results Eleven principles recognized by all participants were summarized as a supplement to interpreta-tion.Fleiss consistency showed that the consistency of interpre-tation of treatment and prognostic significance in the second stage was higher than that in the first phase(κ value was 0.166 vs 0.276,0.014 vs 0.185).The consistency of interpretation of diagnostic significance in the second stage was lower than that in the first phase(κ value was 0.454 vs 0.035).Conclusion There is inconsistency in the clinical interpretation of tumor gene variation among different laboratories.It is feasible for laborato-ries to establish a mutually recognized interpretation system for the clinical diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of tumors.

Objective:To study the effect of the addition of Wenyang Huazhuo recipe(WYHZ) to antibiotics for the treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) on the pregnancy outcome of patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF).Methods:Totally 60 patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency RIF combined with CE were selected who attended the Reproductive Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2020 to January 2021. They were randomly divided into control group and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) group in a 1∶1 ratio using a random number table method. Thirty patients in control group were treated with oral doxycycline and metronidazole for 14 d, and 30 patients in TCM group were treated with the addition of WYHZ for three menstrual cycles. The patients underwent frozen-thawed embryo transfer during the next menstrual cycle at the end of treatment. We compared pregnancy outcomes, ultrasound endometrial thickness, morphology, endometrial flow branches, flow-related index, and endometrial tissue CD138, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and homeobox A10 (HOXA10) mRNA between the two groups. The influencing factors of persistent pregnancy rate was analyzed by univariate logistic regression.Results:The continuous pregnancy rate [46.67% (14/30)] and the embryo implantation rate [54.05% (20/37)] in the TCM group were higher than those in control group [20.00% (6/30), P=0.028; 31.71% (13/41), P=0.046], and the differences of clinical pregnancy rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, and early miscarriage rate were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). After treatment, the proportion of type A endometrium in the TCM group [66.67% (18/27)] was higher than that in control group [33.33% (10/30), P=0.017], and the hemodynamic index (2.29±0.76) and systolic/diastolic (5.52±1.24) values were lower than those in control group (2.86±0.92, P=0.015; 6.44±1.43, P=0.012). There was no statistically significant difference in the CE negative rate between the two groups after treatment ( P>0.05), and the expression level of VEGF [(33.37±11.46) ng/L vs. (64.52±10.14) ng/L, P<0.001] and HOXA10 (2.06±0.89 vs. 3.67±1.27, P<0.001) in the mid-luteal endometrium was increased in the TCM group after treatment compared with control group. In univariate logistic regression analysis, the results showed that endometrial blood flow was an independent factor affecting persistent pregnancy of RIF with CE ( OR=2.956, 95% CI: 1.072-8.148, P=0.036). Conclusion:WYHZ is able to improve the endometrial blood supply of patients with RIF combined with CE, increase their endometrial receptivity, and improve their pregnancy outcome.

Objective:To study the effect of the addition of Wenyang Huazhuo recipe(WYHZ) to antibiotics for the treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) on the pregnancy outcome of patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF).Methods:Totally 60 patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency RIF combined with CE were selected who attended the Reproductive Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2020 to January 2021. They were randomly divided into control group and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) group in a 1∶1 ratio using a random number table method. Thirty patients in control group were treated with oral doxycycline and metronidazole for 14 d, and 30 patients in TCM group were treated with the addition of WYHZ for three menstrual cycles. The patients underwent frozen-thawed embryo transfer during the next menstrual cycle at the end of treatment. We compared pregnancy outcomes, ultrasound endometrial thickness, morphology, endometrial flow branches, flow-related index, and endometrial tissue CD138, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and homeobox A10 (HOXA10) mRNA between the two groups. The influencing factors of persistent pregnancy rate was analyzed by univariate logistic regression.Results:The continuous pregnancy rate [46.67% (14/30)] and the embryo implantation rate [54.05% (20/37)] in the TCM group were higher than those in control group [20.00% (6/30), P=0.028; 31.71% (13/41), P=0.046], and the differences of clinical pregnancy rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, and early miscarriage rate were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). After treatment, the proportion of type A endometrium in the TCM group [66.67% (18/27)] was higher than that in control group [33.33% (10/30), P=0.017], and the hemodynamic index (2.29±0.76) and systolic/diastolic (5.52±1.24) values were lower than those in control group (2.86±0.92, P=0.015; 6.44±1.43, P=0.012). There was no statistically significant difference in the CE negative rate between the two groups after treatment ( P>0.05), and the expression level of VEGF [(33.37±11.46) ng/L vs. (64.52±10.14) ng/L, P<0.001] and HOXA10 (2.06±0.89 vs. 3.67±1.27, P<0.001) in the mid-luteal endometrium was increased in the TCM group after treatment compared with control group. In univariate logistic regression analysis, the results showed that endometrial blood flow was an independent factor affecting persistent pregnancy of RIF with CE ( OR=2.956, 95% CI: 1.072-8.148, P=0.036). Conclusion:WYHZ is able to improve the endometrial blood supply of patients with RIF combined with CE, increase their endometrial receptivity, and improve their pregnancy outcome.

With the large-scale application of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication therapy, the decline in the infection rate of the population will lead to a decrease in the occurrence of Hp-related gastric cancer. In other words, the proportion of Hp-negative gastric cancer will also increase significantly, and esophago-gastric junction carcinoma, which is not closely related to Hp infection, will also become a new focus in the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer in the future. Image enhanced endoscopy is a type of endoscopic technique that has developed rapidly in recent years, and has played an important role in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. However, there are still many unsolved questions about whether this technology is also valuable for esophago-gastric junction carcinoma. The authors intend to review the current progress of image enhanced endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of esophago-gastric junction carcinoma from the perspective of endoscopists.

With the large-scale application of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication therapy, the decline in the infection rate of the population will lead to a decrease in the occurrence of Hp-related gastric cancer. In other words, the proportion of Hp-negative gastric cancer will also increase significantly, and esophago-gastric junction carcinoma, which is not closely related to Hp infection, will also become a new focus in the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer in the future. Image enhanced endoscopy is a type of endoscopic technique that has developed rapidly in recent years, and has played an important role in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. However, there are still many unsolved questions about whether this technology is also valuable for esophago-gastric junction carcinoma. The authors intend to review the current progress of image enhanced endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of esophago-gastric junction carcinoma from the perspective of endoscopists.