Objective:To investigate the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in breast cancer patients and healthy individuals,and assess liver fibrosis in breast cancer patients with NAFLD.Methods:Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to match 194 breast cancer patients who were treated in the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery of Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital between May 2021 and December 2021,with 1 138 people who underwent physical examination during the same period.The effect of NAFLD on the risk of breast cancer was investigated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients with breast cancer was assessed by serum fibrosis markers.Differences in NAFLD status were compared in patients of different breast cancer molecular subtypes,expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)and clinical staging.Results:The PSM successfully matched 164 pairs.Whether or not in menopause,the prevalence of NAFLD in the breast cancer group was significantly higher than that in the health examination group(premenopausal:12/61 vs 5/67,P=0.042;postmenopausal:27/103 vs 9/97,P=0.002).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of breast cancer in premenopausal NAFLD patients was 4.05 times higher than that without NAFLD[relative risk(RR)=4.05,95％confidence interval(CI):1.22-13.47,P=0.023].The same phenomenon can be observed in postmenopausal patients(RR=5.86,95％CI:2.06-16.62,P＜0.001).For patients with NAFLD,those with concurrent breast cancer have a higher risk of liver fibrosis than those without breast cancer.The incidence of NAFLD is not related to breast cancer molecular subtypes and HER2 expression,but exhibits a higher incidence in stage Ⅱ patients.Conclusion:NAFLD is closely associated with breast cancer.Patients with breast cancer have a higher proportion of NAFLD than healthy people,and NAFLD patients have an increased risk of breast cancer compared with non-NAFLD patients.Attention should be paid to the screening and management of NAFLD in breast cancer patients to prevent the incidence and progression of liver fibrosis in early stage.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in breast cancer patients and healthy individuals,and assess liver fibrosis in breast cancer patients with NAFLD.Methods:Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to match 194 breast cancer patients who were treated in the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery of Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital between May 2021 and December 2021,with 1 138 people who underwent physical examination during the same period.The effect of NAFLD on the risk of breast cancer was investigated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients with breast cancer was assessed by serum fibrosis markers.Differences in NAFLD status were compared in patients of different breast cancer molecular subtypes,expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)and clinical staging.Results:The PSM successfully matched 164 pairs.Whether or not in menopause,the prevalence of NAFLD in the breast cancer group was significantly higher than that in the health examination group(premenopausal:12/61 vs 5/67,P=0.042;postmenopausal:27/103 vs 9/97,P=0.002).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of breast cancer in premenopausal NAFLD patients was 4.05 times higher than that without NAFLD[relative risk(RR)=4.05,95％confidence interval(CI):1.22-13.47,P=0.023].The same phenomenon can be observed in postmenopausal patients(RR=5.86,95％CI:2.06-16.62,P＜0.001).For patients with NAFLD,those with concurrent breast cancer have a higher risk of liver fibrosis than those without breast cancer.The incidence of NAFLD is not related to breast cancer molecular subtypes and HER2 expression,but exhibits a higher incidence in stage Ⅱ patients.Conclusion:NAFLD is closely associated with breast cancer.Patients with breast cancer have a higher proportion of NAFLD than healthy people,and NAFLD patients have an increased risk of breast cancer compared with non-NAFLD patients.Attention should be paid to the screening and management of NAFLD in breast cancer patients to prevent the incidence and progression of liver fibrosis in early stage.

Objective To investigate the influence of Guhong injection (GHI) on ATPase activity and inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats, and evaluate its protective effects on cerebral I/R injury. Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham group, I/R group, nimodipine group, and the low-dose (2.5 mL/kg, GHI-L), medium-dose (5.0 mL/kg, GHI-M), and high-dose (10.0 mL/kg, GHI-H) of GHI groups according to the random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established by the intraluminal suture method to prepare the model of focal cerebral ischemia, and reperfusion was performed after 1.5 hours of occluding the middle cerebral artery; the sham group had the same operation process except inserting the nylon thread. The injection of drug in various drug-treated groups was carried out via a tail vein at 0, 12, 24 hours after the onset of reperfusion, while the sham group and I/R group received the same amount of normal saline. At 12 hours after last drug administration, the scores of neurological deficit symptoms were evaluated; the cerebral infarction was observed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining; the Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities in the brain tissue were measured by phosphorus determination; the contents of interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic factor-1 (MCP-1), nitric oxide (NO) in serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with the sham group, the neurological function score was significantly decreased, the cerebral infarction was serious, the activities of ATPase was obviously decreased, and the levels of serum inflammatory factors were significantly increased in I/R group. Compared with the I/R group, the neurological function scores were significantly increased in GHI-L group, GHI-M group, GHI-H group and nimodipine group (9.03±0.63, 10.54±2.55, 12.33±1.87, 12.06±1.89 vs. 8.17±1.05, all P < 0.05), the volumes of cerebral infarction were obviously reduced [(18.51±1.80)%, (15.98±1.34)%, (8.61±1.16)%, (8.09±0.96)% vs. (26.52±2.07)%, all P < 0.01], the activities of ATPase were significantly increased [Na+-K+-ATPase (μmol·mg-1·h-1):5.10±0.30, 5.34±0.26, 6.19±0.17, 5.86±0.31 vs. 3.98±0.35, Ca2+-ATPase (μmol·mg-1·h-1): 3.68±0.44, 4.43±0.29, 5.03±0.27, 4.17±0.30 vs. 1.87±0.46, all P < 0.01], and the levels of serum inflammatory factors were decreased obviously [IL-6 (ng/L): 51.61±5.55, 43.88±4.05, 39.71±2.22, 41.28±2.66 vs. 60.11±6.61, MCP-1 (ng/L): 227.82±7.07, 201.58±13.10, 177.23±10.46, 126.80±8.49 vs. 296.01±12.85, NO (μmol/L): 54.48±3.23, 46.84±2.69, 41.15±2.80, 48.62±2.34 vs. 65.25±3.88, all P < 0.05]. Conclusions GHI not only can improve the energy metabolism of brain tissue in a dose-dependent manner, but also inhibit the inflammatory cascade of damage after cerebral I/R in rats, which might be its protective mechanism on cerebral ischemia injury.