Objective:To investigate the potential characteristic manifestations and application value of the Dynamic Visual Acuity Test（DVAT） in vestibular migraine（VM）. Methods:A total of 50 VM patients（case group） and 50 healthy subjects（control group） diagnosed at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between November 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024, were enrolled. The case group underwent DVAT, video head impulse test（vHIT）, caloric test, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory（DHI） assessment, whereas the control group only received DVAT. Group-based analyses were conducted to examine the effect of age on Dynamic Visual Acuity Loss（DVALoss）, as well as the correlations of DVALoss with vestibular function tests and DHI scores. Results:DVALoss in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.001）. In both groups, age was significantly and positively correlated with DVALoss（P<0.001）. Within the case group, DVALoss was strongly and positively correlated with DHI scores（r=0.807, P<0.001）; it was negatively correlated with the vestibulo-ocular reflex（VOR） gain in vHIT, though without clinical significance, and showed no significant association with the caloric test. Age and DVALoss collectively accounted for 71.3% of the variance in DHI scores（R²=0.713）, with age exerting a relatively minor actual impact. Conclusion:DVAT can sensitively identify the core functional impairments of VM. DVALoss, as a direct functional reflection of the pathological mechanism of VM, is strongly correlated with DHI scores. Incorporating DVALoss into standardized assessments may provide an objective basis for the diagnosis and management of VM.
Humans ; Migraine Disorders/diagnosis* ; Visual Acuity ; Case-Control Studies ; Head Impulse Test ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Vestibular Diseases/physiopathology* ; Middle Aged ; Caloric Tests

Intestinal fibrosis is a significant clinical challenge in inflammatory bowel diseases, but no effective anti-fibrotic therapy is currently available. Glucagon receptor (GCGR) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) are both peptide hormone receptors involved in energy metabolism of epithelial cells. However, their role in intestinal fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Herein GCGR and GLP1R were found to be reduced in the stenotic ileum of patients with Crohn's disease as well as in the fibrotic colon of mice with chronic colitis. The downregulation of GCGR and GLP1R led to the accumulation of the metabolic byproduct lactate, resulting in histone H3K9 lactylation and exacerbated intestinal fibrosis through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Dual activating GCGR and GLP1R by peptide 1907B reduced the H3K9 lactylation in epithelial cells and ameliorated intestinal fibrosis in vivo. We uncovered the role of GCGR/GLP1R in regulating EMT involved in intestinal fibrosis via histone lactylation. Simultaneously activating GCGR/GLP1R with the novel dual agonist peptide 1907B holds promise as a treatment strategy for alleviating intestinal fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of lithium disilicate glass ceramic cantilever resin-bonded fixed partial dentures(CRBFPDs)on single anterior tooth loss to provide a reference for the selection of restoration methods for single anterior tooth loss.Methods This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee,and informed consent was obtained from the patients.Forty-two patients with less than two anterior teeth with monomaxillary loss were included in this study.After 6 months,1 year,2 years,and 3 years,the aesthetic and functional effects of the restorations and the periodontal health status were evaluated,and the visual analog scale(VAS)was used to assess pa-tient satisfaction.Results During the observation period,the connector fractured in one case within 3 months.One case had debonded within 2 years.The aesthetic restoration effect of all lithium disilicate glass ceramic CRBFPDs was categorized as Class A.The periodontal health was good,there was no clinical absorption in the soft and hard tissues of the abutment or subbridge,periodontal status according to the evaluation indices was classified as class A,and the total satisfaction rate of the patient was 100%.Conclusion For single anterior tooth loss patients,lithium disilicate glass ceramic cantilever resin-bonded fixed partial denture can achieve the restoration effect of less invasion,better adhesion,aesthetics,comfort and good biocompatibility.With high patient satisfaction,it can be considered an ideal restoration method for replacing a single anterior tooth.

Objective To investigate the active ingredients of Zizyphi Spinosae Semen(ZSS)in relieving benzodiazepine(BDZ)dependence and its molecular mechanism based on the integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and chemical drugs idea of"enhancing effect and reducing toxicity"via the approach of network pharmacology and the technique of molecular dynamics simulation.Methods First,literature search was undertaken to find the main components of ZSS.Then,the major effective constituents of ZSS in relieving BDZ dependence and its target of action were explored on the basis of network pharmacology and molecular docking.Finally,the relationship between core components of ZSS and key proteins was further verified through the technique of molecular dynamics simulation.Results After literature search,a total of 24 chemical components in ZSS were found to act on 731 targets.Through establishing the network of"ingredients-targets-pathways",topology analysis was performed to obtain nine core components such as linoleic acid,palmitic acid,oleic acid,tetradecanoic acid,spinosin,oleanolic acid and jujuboside A,as well as five key targets including AR,PTGS2,PPARG,RXRA and CYP19A1.Bioinformation enrichment analysis was made to obtain critical pathways such as calcium signaling pathway,cAMP signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway.The results of molecular docking revealed that there was a good combination between core components of ZSS and key targets,and it was mainly dominated by hydrogen bonding.Furthermore,the molecular dynamics simulation experiments indicated that the combinations between jujuboside A and RXRA,oleanolic acid and RXRA,spinosin and PPARG were stable,and these three active ingredients played an important role in improving BDZ dependence.Conclusion The active components in ZSS may exert multi-target and multi-pathway intervention effects on BDZ dependence by means of processes such as immunoregulation,anti-anxiety,and anti-insomnia.

Objective To systematically analyze and identify key risk factors for postoperative pulmonary hemorrhage u-sing a combination of the random forest(RF)model and traditional logistic regression analysis,so as to provide data support for clinical practice.Methods This study included patients who underwent needle biopsy of lung masses from January 2020 to December 2023 in the Department of Interventional Therapy,Cancer Hospital,Tianjin Medical University.There were 844 cases,including 387 males and 457 females,ranging in age from 39 to 82 years.Clinical data and puncture-related characteristics were collected,including tumor size,puncture depth,puncture angle,presence of emphysema,lesion loca-tion in the lung,body position during puncture,whether the puncture passed through the interlobar fissure,and the number of punctures.The RF model was used to rank the importance of all variables,identifying those with the highest predictive value.Subsequently,a multivariate logistic regression model was applied to the top-ranked important variables to further e-valuate their independent impact on postoperative pulmonary hemorrhage.Results The RF model results showed that tumor size and puncture depth had the highest importance in predicting the risk of postoperative pulmonary hemorrhage.Multivari-ate logistic regression analysis further confirmed that smaller tumor size(HR:0.980,95％CI:0.971-0.989,P＜0.05)was significantly associated with a lower risk of hemorrhage,while greater puncture depth(HR:1.146,95％CI:1.063-1.235,P＜0.05)was closely related to a higher risk of hemorrhage.Additionally,other factors such as puncture angle,age,lesion location in the lung and presence of emphysema showed some influence but did not reach statistical significance in the multi-variate analysis.Conclusion This study successfully identified tumor size and puncture depth as independent risk factors for postoperative pulmonary hemorrhage by combining the RF model with multivariate logistic regression analysis.The appli-cation of the RF model improved the accuracy of feature selection,allowing us to focus on the most contributory predictive variables.These findings provide important support for preoperative risk assessment,suggesting that clinicians should priori-tize these key factors in preoperative evaluations to develop safer and more effective surgical plans,thereby reducing the risk of postoperative hemorrhage and other complications.

Objective:To describe the current distribution of daily physical activity time among ele-mentary and junior high school students in Beijing,and to analyze the influencing factors and pathways at the individual,family,school and community levels.Methods:Data were drawn upon from a cross-sectional investigation in Beijing in 2023,and a total of 3 157 elementary and junior high school students were included in the final analysis.Questionnaire was used to collect data on basic characteristics,over-all and in-school physical activity time per day,the number of sports mastered,perceived physical activi-ty benefits and barriers scales,perceived family,school,and community physical activity supportive en-vironment scales.Log-binomial regression model was used to analyze the associations between physical activity time and influencing factors,and structural equation modeling was used for the path analysis of the influencing factors.Results:The reported rates of ≥ 2 hours of overall physical activity per day and≥1 hour of physical activity in school per day among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing in 2023 were 33.1％and 64.8％,respectively.The associations between the number of sports mastered by students and the reported rate of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day showed a typical dose-response relationship(P-trend＜0.001).The perceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratio(PR=1.24,95％CI:1.20-1.28),scores of perceived family,school,and community physical acti-vity supportive environment scales were all positively associated with the reported rate of≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day(PR=1.51,95％CI:1.38-1.66;PR=1.50,95％CI:1.37-1.64;PR=1.21,95％CI:1.16-1.27).The structural equation modeling showed that the number of sports mastered by the students(β=0.11,P＜0.001),perceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratios(β=0.15,P＜0.001),and scores of supportive environment scales consisting of family,school,and community(β=0.13,P＜0.001)were associated with the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physi-cal activity per day directly.In addition,the scores of supportive environment scales could indirectly in-fluence the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day by influencing the number of sports mastered by the students(β=0.21,P＜0.001)and the perceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratio(β=0.56,P＜0.001),while the number of sports mastered by the students could indi-rectly influence the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day by influencing the per-ceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratios(β=0.05,P=0.003).The influencing factors and pathways of the reported rates of ≥ 1 hour of physical activity in school per day were similar with those of the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day described above.Conclusion:The dai-ly physical activity time among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing in 2023 fell short of meeting the national requirement.There was a need to build a supportive environment consisting of fami-ly,school,and community for physical activity,to promote the students'sports skills,to establish the idea of independent physical activity,and to ensure that primary and secondary school students were given one hour of physical activity time every day,both inside and outside the school.

Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancy in the urinary system over the world. Urine cytology and cystoscopy are important tools for bladder cancer diagnosis and recurrence monitoring. However, due to the limited sensitivity and invasive procedure, there is an urgent need to develop new non-invasive and highly sensitive liquid biopsy approaches. Urine biopsy is a research focus in the field and has great potential. This review focused on protein-based urine markers (including NMP22, BTA and UroVysion etc.) and DNA or RNA-based urine markers (including cfDNA, AssureMDx and Xpert BC Monitor etc.), which were used for bladder cancer diagnosis and recurrence monitoring, and summarized the sensitivity and specificity of each biomarker as well as their characteristics in the diagnosis and recurrence surveillance of bladder cancer. This study provides theoretical and empirical support for further optimization and application of these biomarkers in clinical practice.

With the optimization of surgical technologies and postoperative management regimens, the number of lung transplantation has been significantly increased, which has become an important treatment for patients with end-stage lung disease. However, due to the impact of comprehensive factors, such as bronchial ischemia and immunosuppression, the incidence of airway stenosis after lung transplantation is relatively high, which severely affects postoperative survival and quality of life of lung transplant recipients. In recent years, with the improvement of perioperative management, organ preservation and surgical technologies, the incidence of airway stenosis after lung transplantation has been declined, but it remains at a high level. Early diagnosis and timely intervention play a significant role in enhancing clinical prognosis of patients with airway stenosis. In this article, the general conditions, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of airway stenosis after lung transplantation were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for comprehensive management of airway stenosis after lung transplantation and improving clinical prognosis of lung transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND:Plastic as a durable,inexpensive,easy to manufacture organic synthetic polymer materials are widely used.At the same time,plastic resistance to high temperatures,acid and alkali resistance,corrosion-resistant properties make it difficult to degrade in nature,and ultimately forming a huge number of microplastic pollution threatening human health. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of microplastic exposure on growth and development and hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. METHODS:Twenty C57BL/6J male mice were adaptively fed for one week,and then randomly divided into normal and microplastic groups(n=10 per group).Mice in the normal group were given a normal diet and water,for 4 weeks.Mice in the microplastic group were given a normal diet and free drinking of microplastic(polystyrene)water with a concentration of 1 000 μg/L,for 4 weeks.At 2 and 4 weeks of drinking,body mass and grip strength,blood lipids and liver and kidney function,ultrasonic morphology and pathological morphology of liver and lipid deposition were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)With the extension of time,the body mass of mice in the two groups gradually increased,and the body mass of mice in the microplastic group was greater than that in the normal group after 2,4 weeks of drinking water(P<0.05).With the extension of time,the grip strength of mice in the normal group gradually increased,and the grip strength of mice in the microplastic group first decreased and then increased,and the grip strength of mice in the microplastic group was lower than that in the normal group after drinking water for 4 weeks(P<0.05).(2)Liver ultrasound examination showed that compared with the normal group,the ultrasonic echo signal of the liver in the microplastic group was enhanced after 2 and 4 weeks of drinking water.(3)Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the morphology of liver cells in the microplastic group did not change significantly after 2 and 4 weeks of drinking water,but inflammatory cell infiltration could be seen.Oil red O staining showed that obvious lipid deposition was observed in the liver of microplastic group after 2 and 4 weeks of drinking water.(4)Compared with the normal group,the levels of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and aspartate aminotransferase in the microplastic group were decreased after 2 weeks of drinking water(P<0.05),and the serum triacylglycerol concentration was decreased after 4 weeks of drinking water(P<0.05).(5)These findings confirm that microplastics may cause weight gain,loss of physical strength,and abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism in mice.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of different doses of luteolin on memory function and apoptosis-related proteins of aging rats induced by D-galactose.Methods:Forty-eight SPF-grade male Wistar rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into control group, model group, luteolin low-dose group (25 mg/kg), medium-dose group (50 mg/kg), high-dose group (100 mg/kg), and vitamin C group (100 mg/kg), with 8 rats in each group. D-galactose (1 000 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to establish the aging rat model, while luteolin was used for preventive treatment. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of the rats.Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the morphology of hippocampal neurons in rats.Spectrophotometry was used to detect the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). RT-PCR was used to detect miR-34a mRNA expression.Western blot technique was used to detect the expression levels of silent regulator protein 1 (SIRT1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase-3, p53, and p21. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0, and one-way ANOVA was used for multi-group comparison, followed by LSD- t test for further pairwise comparisons. Results:(1) The differences in escape latency among the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=120.93, P<0.001). The latency of first finding the platform location of the model group rats ((54.61±3.60) s) was higher than that of the control group ((10.54±4.27) s) ( P<0.05). The latency of first finding the platform location of rats in the low, medium and high dosage groups of luteolin ((45.50±3.81)s, (37.46±2.94) s, (32.32±3.14) s) was lower than that of the model group ((54.61±3.60) s) (all P<0.05). (2) The differences of SOD, MDA, T-AOC, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the cerebral cortex of the 6 groups of rats were all statistically significant ( F=281.636, 75.119, 208.228, 38.999, 28.428, 52.767, all P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the model group showed abnormal levels of inflammatory factors and antioxidant indexes. In the medium and high dosage groups of luteolin, the SOD and T-AOC contents in the cerebral cortex of rats were higher than those in the model group (all P<0.05), while the levels of MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were lower than those in the model group (all P<0.05). (3) The differences in relative expression levels of miR-34a mRNA among the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=81.439, P<0.001). The expression levels of miR-34a mRNA in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the luteolin treatment group were lower than those in the model group ( P<0.05). (4) The differences in protein expression levels of SIRT1, p53, and p21 in the hippocampal tissues of the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=159.946, 38.342, 123.608, all P<0.001). The expression levels of p53 and p21 in the medium and high dosage groups of luteolin were lower than those in the model group (all P<0.05), while the expression level of SIRT1 protein was higher than that in the model group ( P<0.05). (5) The differences in protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in the hippocampal tissues of the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=112.659, 43.296, both P<0.05). The expression levels of Bcl-2 in the low, medium, and high dosage groups of luteolin ((0.24±0.04), (0.40±0.03), (0.48±0.05) pg/μg) were higher than those in the model group ((0.09±0.06) μg) ( P<0.05), while the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 in the low, medium, and high dosage groups of luteolin ((0.62±0.04), (0.61±0.09), (0.51±0.10) μg) were lower than those in the model group ((0.75±0.05) μg) ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Luteolin can alleviate cellular oxidative damage through downregulating the miR-34a SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway and reducing cell apoptosis.