Objective: To investigate the association between outdoor light at night (LAN) exposure and sleep quality among primary and secondary school students, and to examine the pathways of negative affects including depressive, stress and anxiety symptoms, so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the school environment and enhancing the physical and mental well being of students. Methods: In December 2024, a total of 36 885 students from 154 primary and secondary schools in Suzhou, Nantong, and Changzhou were included via a stratified cluster sampling method. Sleep quality and negative affect were assessed by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), respectively. Outdoor LAN exposure data were obtained from the national polar orbiting partnership visible infrared imaging radiometer suite nighttime light(NPP-VIIRS NTL) dataset provided by the National Earth System Science Data Center. Multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the association between LAN exposure and sleep quality across different regions, with stratification by monitoring site. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between LAN, negative affect, and sleep quality. The mediating role of negative affect was tested by using Model 4 of the PROCESS macro. Results: The detection rates among students were 13.95%( n =5 147) for depressive symptom, 16.72%( n =6 166) for stress symptom, and 17.49%( n =6 451) for anxiety symptom. The median outdoor LAN exposure was 28.85(19.10, 41.44)nW/(cm 2 · ( sr). After adjusting for confounders, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high LAN exposure ( Q 4) was positively associated with sleep problems (urban areas: OR =1.28, 95% CI = 1.17- 1.41; rural areas: OR =1.21, 95% CI =1.07-1.36; both P <0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between LAN exposure, depressive symptoms, stress symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality ( r =0.03-0.75, all P < 0.01). The mediation analysis indicated that all dimensions of negative affect significantly mediated the relationship between high LAN exposure and poor sleep quality (all P <0.01). Specifically, the indirect effects were 0.03 (95% CI =0.02-0.05) for depressive symptom, 0.05(95% CI =0.03-0.08) for stress symptom, and 0.07(95% CI =0.05-0.09) for anxiety symptom. Overall, 31.9% of the total effect was mediated by negative affect, with anxiety (14.89%) being the strongest mediator, followed by stress (10.64%) and depression(6.38%). Conclusion Reducing high levels of outdoor LAN exposure and implementing interventions targeting negative affect may contribute to improved sleep quality among primary and secondary school students.

Objective In the context of expanding in size and improving the quality of medical consumables,the"one product,one policy"approach has brought challenges to the management of consumables in public hospitals.This study investi-gated the potential management problems in the process of centralized procurement with volume of medical consumables in a pub-lic tertiary hospital in Guangdong Province,and accordingly worked out the corresponding management countermeasures and then assessed their implementation effects.Methods The fishbone diagrams was applied to systematically analyze the potential prob-lems in the implementation process of centralized procurement with volume of medical consumables.Targeted measures were worked out from May to July 2023 in the hospital.The time series data of centralized procurement of coronary stents,pacemak-ers,tubular/end-to-end anastomoses,and spinal products from December 2022 to December 2023 were analyzed.Changes in the monthly implementation rate and contract completion volume pre-and post-intervention were measured to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.Results The fishbone diagrams analysis revealed that the primary factors impeding procurement implementa-tion were internal system flaws,personnel management inadequacy,supply issues,and an absence of an information system.Post-intervention,the monthly implementation rate(t=-4.19,P＜0.05)and contract completion(t=-2.38,P＜0.05)significantly improved.Conclusion The implementation of intervention management for centralized procurement with volume of medical consumables can effectively promote the related implementation effect in the department.In the context of centralized pro-curement,clinical and health management personnel need to bolster their professionalism to ensure the procurement management efficiency and quality.It is crucial to deepen policy understanding and implementation,enhance production and distribution process supervision and disciplinary mechanisms,ensure multi-departmental coordination for supply security,and improve hospi-tal information systems and procurement platforms.

Objective:To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) trajectories in children and adolescents and subclinical renal damage (SRD) in adulthood.Methods:4 623 participants aged 6-18 years old were recruited from the ongoing cohort of Hanzhong adolescent hypertension study in 1987, and the subjects were followed up in 1989, 1992, 1995, 2005, 2013 and 2017, respectively. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify distinct BMI trajectories in longitudinal analysis. Generalized linear model was applied to examine the association between different BMI trajectories and SRD incidence in adulthood.Results:A total of 2 678 subjects from childhood to adulthood were enrolled in this study. All subjects were divided into three groups according to three distinct BMI trajectories: low-increasing BMI group ( n=1 017), moderate-increasing BMI group ( n=1 353), and high-increasing BMI group ( n=308). Over follow up for 30 years, a total of 248 participants (9.3%) developed SRD. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) in low to high-increasing BMI group was 0.9(0.6, 1.4), 1.0(0.7, 1.7), 1.6(0.8, 3.2), respectively ( P trend<0.001), and estimated glomerular filtration rate was 98.5(87.6, 111.6) , 96.2(86.4, 109.7), 95.3 (87.5, 125.0) ml·min -1·(1.73 m 2) -1, respectively ( P trend=0.025). The generalized linear model analysis showed that uACR was increased linearly from low to high-increasing BMI group [ β=3.16(95% CI 1.02-5.31), Ptrend=0.004]. There was no correlation or linear trend between BMI trajectory and estimated glomerular filtration rate [ β=-2.30(95% CI-5.18-0.57), Ptrend=0.117]. Compared with the low-increasing BMI group, the high-increasing BMI group had greater odds of experiencing SRD in adulthood after adjusting for multiple confounders such as age, gender, medical history and lifestyle ( OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.84-4.36, Ptrend<0.001). Conclusions:Higher BMI trajectorie is correlated with higher level of uACR and risk of SRD in middle age. Identifying long-term BMI trajectorie from early age may assist in predicting individuals′ renal function in later life.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, exploring the mechanism of CVDs and critical regulatory factors is of great significance for promoting heart repair, reversing cardiac remodeling, and reducing adverse cardiovascular events. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the function of protein kinases and their interactions with other regulatory proteins in myocardial biology. Protein kinases are positioned as critical regulators at the intersection of multiple signals and coordinate nearly every aspect of myocardial responses, regulating contractility, metabolism, transcription, and cellular death. Equally, reconstructing the disrupted protein kinases regulatory network will help reverse pathological progress and stimulate cardiac repair. This review summarizes recent researches concerning the function of protein kinases in CVDs, discusses their promising clinical applications, and explores potential targets for future treatments.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Heart ; Humans ; Myocardium ; Protein Kinases

【Objective】 Based on our previously established salt-sensitive hypertension cohort, we conducted chronic salt loading and potassium supplementation interventions, aiming to examine the association between genetic variants in renalase and blood pressure (BP) responses to dietary interventions of salt and potassium intake. 【Methods】 In 2004, 514 subjects from 126 families were recruited in Shaanxi Province to establish the salt-sensitive hypertension study cohort. Among them, 334 non-parent subjects were selected and sequentially maintained on a low-salt diet for 7 days, then a high-salt diet for 7 days and a high-salt diet with potassium supplementation for another 7 days. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the renalase gene were genotyped on the MassARRAY platform. 【Results】 SNP rs2576178 of the renalasegene was significantly associated with systolic BP (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to low-salt intervention (SBP: β=-2.730, P<0.05; MAP: β=-1.718, P<0.05). In addition, SNP rs12356177 was significantly associated with diastolic BP response to low-salt diet (β=-1.608, P<0.05). However, we did not find any association for the renalase SNPs with BP response to high-salt diet with potassium supplementation reached nominal statistical significance. 【Conclusion】 Genetic variants in renalase gene are significantly associated with BP response to low-salt diet, suggesting that renalase may be mechanistically involved in BP salt-sensitivity.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of sacral neuromodulation(SNM)therapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction(LUTD)in elderly patients.Methods:Clinical data of 91 elderly patients with LUTD from multiple medical institutions who received SNM during the period from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into four groups: the interstitial cystitis(IC)group(n=28), the neurogenic bladder(NB)group(n=36), the overactive bladder syndrome(OAB)group(n=13)and the idiopathic dysuria(ID)group(n=14). Different sets of evaluation parameters were used for different diseases.Patients’ baseline data and data in stage I(test phase)and stage Ⅱ(permanent SNM)were recorded, statistically analyzed and compared.Results:Ninety-one people underwent SNM treatment.Of them, 53 patients received permanent implants(stage Ⅱ), and the total conversion rate of stage I to stage Ⅱ was 58.2%(53/91). Patients receiving permanent implants(stage Ⅱ)had a preoperative period ranging from 3 months to 30 years, and were followed up for 2 to 58 months after treatment, with an average follow-up of 19.6 months.The improvement rates in stage I for urinary urgency, daily urination frequency, daily nocturnal urination frequency, maximum urine volume, daily average urine volume, daily urine leakage frequency, and quality of life score were 35.4%, 31.6%, 33.7%, 32.6%, 49.2%, 43.2% and 13.2%, respectively.The improvement rates in stage Ⅱ for urinary urgency, daily urination frequency, daily nocturnal urination frequency, maximum urine volume, daily average urine volume, daily urine leakage frequency, and quality of life score were 43.2%, 40.0%, 37.8%, 50.5%, 70.5%, 70.4% and 43.2%, respectively.Three adverse events occurred, including 1 case of recurrent symptoms, 1 case of moderate infection, and 1 case of electrical lead dislocation.Conclusions:Sacral nerve stimulation has definitive and consistent curative effects on LUTD in elderly people.The follow-up time should be extended to further study the safety of sacral nerve stimulation.

Objective To explore the role of CD44 in monocyte adhesion to human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and monocyte migration across an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier (BBB) infected by Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn). Methods An in vitro blood-brain barrier model was constructed using a transwell chamber covered with a HBMEC monolayer. The wild-type strain of Cn B4500FO2, TYCC645#32 strain with CPS1 gene deletion and PCIP strain with CPS1 complementation were chosen to infect the monolayer HBMECs. THP-1 cells were added to the upper chamber of transwell, and the relative migration rate was determined by counting the number of the cells entering the lower chambers. The inhibitory effects of anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody and the CD44 inhibitor bikunin were examined on THP-1 binding to and migration across HBMECs. Results Cn infection of the HBMECs caused markedly enhanced THP-1 cell adhesion and migration across the monolyers (P<0.01) dependent on Cn concentration and exposure time. Addition of anti- CD44 monoclonal antibody and bikunin significantly lowered THP-1 adhesion and migration rates in the BBB model with Cn-infected HBMECs (P<0.01) with a dose dependence of the antibody (within 0-1μg) and inhibitor (within 0-20 nmol/L). Both THP-1 adhesion rate and migration rate were lowered in the BBB model infected with CPS1 gene-deleted Cn but increased in the model infected with the complemented strain compared with those in the wild-type strain-infected model. Conclusion In the in vitro BBB model, CD44 expressed on HBMECs may play an essential role in monocyte adhesion to and migration across the BBB. The capsular hyaluronic acid may mediate Cn-induced monocyte adhesion and migration.

Objective To explore the role of CD44 in monocyte adhesion to human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and monocyte migration across an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier (BBB) infected by Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn). Methods An in vitro blood-brain barrier model was constructed using a transwell chamber covered with a HBMEC monolayer. The wild-type strain of Cn B4500FO2, TYCC645#32 strain with CPS1 gene deletion and PCIP strain with CPS1 complementation were chosen to infect the monolayer HBMECs. THP-1 cells were added to the upper chamber of transwell, and the relative migration rate was determined by counting the number of the cells entering the lower chambers. The inhibitory effects of anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody and the CD44 inhibitor bikunin were examined on THP-1 binding to and migration across HBMECs. Results Cn infection of the HBMECs caused markedly enhanced THP-1 cell adhesion and migration across the monolyers (P<0.01) dependent on Cn concentration and exposure time. Addition of anti- CD44 monoclonal antibody and bikunin significantly lowered THP-1 adhesion and migration rates in the BBB model with Cn-infected HBMECs (P<0.01) with a dose dependence of the antibody (within 0-1μg) and inhibitor (within 0-20 nmol/L). Both THP-1 adhesion rate and migration rate were lowered in the BBB model infected with CPS1 gene-deleted Cn but increased in the model infected with the complemented strain compared with those in the wild-type strain-infected model. Conclusion In the in vitro BBB model, CD44 expressed on HBMECs may play an essential role in monocyte adhesion to and migration across the BBB. The capsular hyaluronic acid may mediate Cn-induced monocyte adhesion and migration.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for detecting circulating brain microvascular endothelial cells (cBMECs), a novel biomarker of blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury.

METHODSBlood samples were collected from 33 patients with AIDS encephalitis and 13 healthy subjects for detection of cBMECs, cECs and EPCs using magnetic affinity isolation and immune identification technology.

RESULTSThe numbers of cBMECs, cECs and EPCs were significantly higher in the AIDS patients than in the control subjects (t=4.298, P<0.01; t=4.886, P<0.01; t=4.889, P<0.01). An significant association was also noted between HIV load and cBMEC number (r=0.928, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONWe have successfully established a method for detecting peripheral blood cBMECs, which can be of important value in non-invasive assessment of BBB injury.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; physiopathology ; Biomarkers ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; pathology ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Progenitor Cells ; cytology ; Humans

Objective To establish a method for detecting circulating brain microvascular endothelial cells (cBMECs), a novel biomarker of blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury. Methods Blood samples were collected from 33 patients with AIDS encephalitis and 13 healthy subjects for detection of cBMECs, cECs and EPCs using magnetic affinity isolation and immune identification technology. Results The numbers of cBMECs, cECs and EPCs were significantly higher in the AIDS patients than in the control subjects (t=4.298, P<0.01; t=4.886, P<0.01; t=4.889, P<0.01). An significant association was also noted between HIV load and cBMEC number (r=0.928, P<0.01). Conclusion We have successfully established a method for detecting peripheral blood cBMECs, which can be of important value in non-invasive assessment of BBB injury.