Objective To explore the application value of transperineal three-dimensional ultrasound combined with SWE in evalu-ating the effect of delivery mode on the morphology and function of levator ANI muscle in primipara,and to provide a new method for early diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD).Methods A total of 92 primiparas who were re-examined 6-8 weeks after delivery in our hospital were selected as postpartum group,and divided into vaginal delivery group(n=45)and cesarean section group(n=47)accord-ing to their delivery mode,and healthy women without childbirth at the same period were selected as control group(n=43).Transperineal three-dimensional ultrasound combined with SWE was used to examine the differences in the morphological parameters and elastic param-eters of levator anal hiatus in different states among all groups.Results The hiatus area of levator anal muscle(LHA)at rest,maximum anal retraction and maximum Valsalva in the vaginal delivery group was greater than that in the cesarean section group and control group,and the cesarean section group was greater than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).Compared with control group and cesarean section group,the elastic parameters of vaginal delivery group at rest and maximum anal retraction were de-creased,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in elastic parameters between the cesar-ean section group and the control group(P＞0.05).The difference between maximum Valsalva state and resting state LHA(Δ A')was negatively correlated with the difference before and after contraction of bilateral PR Young's modulus(ΔE)(left r=-0.444,P=0.008;Right r=0.488,P=0.002).Conclusion Three-dimensional perineal ultrasonography combined with SWE can quantitatively evaluate the morphology and function of levator ANI muscle,and provide evidence for the early diagnosis of PFD.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that the incidence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with lung cancer are higher than those in healthy people. At present, the main anti-tumor treatments for lung cancer include surgery, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy. While the effects of different anti-tumor treatments on the occurrence and severity of COVID-19 pneumonia are not uniform. Therefore, we aimed to describe clinical characteristics and antitumor therapy of patients with lung cancer and COVID-19 pneumonia, and examined risk factors for severity in this population. METHODS: From December 1, 2022 to February 15, 2023, a retrospective study was conducted in 217 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and pathologically confirmed lung cancer in the Jinling Hospital. We collected data about patients' clinical features, antitumor treatment regimen within 6 months, and the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. Risk factors for occurrence and severity of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified by univariable and multivariable Logistic regression models. RESULTS: (1) Among the 217 patients included, 51 (23.5%) developed COVID-19 pneumonia, of which 42 (82.4%) were classified as medium and 9 (17.6%) were classified as severe; (2) Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed overweight (OR=2.405, 95%CI: 1.095-5.286) and intrapulmonary focal radiotherapy (OR=2.977, 95%CI: 1.071-8.274) are risk factors for increasing occurrence of COVID-19 pneumonia, while other therapies are not; (3) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) history (OR=7.600, 95%CI: 1.430-40.387) was more likely to develop severe pneumonia and anti-tumor therapies such as intrapulmonary focal radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy did not increase severity. CONCLUSIONS Intrapulmonary focal radiation therapy within 6 months increased the incidence of COVID-19 pneumonia, but did not increase the severity. However, there was no safety concern for chemotherapy, targeted therapy, surgery and immunotherapy.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Retrospective Studies ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Incidence ; Pneumonia/etiology*

Objective:To explore the application of microfluidic chip in detection of hereditary deafness-associated hotspot mutations.Methods:The dedicatedly designed and fabricated microfluidic chip was integrated with kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction amplification system, scanned via laser-excited confocal fluorescence scanner, and finally analyzed programmatically to acquire the typing results of the 23 mutation sites of the four common genes associated with hereditary hearing loss. Dried blood spots were collected from 276 neonates containing the 131 cases with hearing loss who were born in 2019 in Chengdu (deafness group) and the 145 cases with normal hearing who were born in 2020 in Chengdu (control group), and analyzed by the microfluidic chip to evaluate its clinical performance.Results:By cluster analysis, the microfluidic chip correctly analyzed the 23 positive reference samples and acquired the same typing results as their actual results, with a limit of detection of 1 mg/L. For the 276 newborn blood spots, the detection results of the microfluidic chips were confirmed to be correct by the contrasting methods. Among Deafness Group, 66 (50.4%) tested positive for the selected 23 mutation hotspots; among Control Group, 40(27.6%) were positive. Among these mutations, c.109G>A of the GJB2 gene was the most prevalent one, whose carrier rate in deafness group and control group were 46.6%(61/131) and 23.4% (34/145), respectively.Conclusions:The micro-fluidic chip system was succeeded in fulfilling the hereditary deafness-related mutation detection, and offered many advantages including high specificity, avoiding the amplicon carryover contamination, simplifying the entire experimental operation process and short detection time, so as to better meet the detection requirement of genetic testing for deafness in newborn screening and other fields.

Objective To explore the mechanism of HIF-1α promoting malignant development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by upregulating PD-L1 expression under hypoxic conditions. Methods CNE2 cells were divided into normoxia (20%O₂), hypoxia (1%O₂), HIF-1α-siRNA+hypoxia and NC-siRNA+hypoxia groups. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, the mRNA levels of HIF-1α, STAT3 and PD-L1, the protein levels of HIF-1α, PD-L1, STAT3 and STAT3 phosphorylation were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry, RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results Cell proliferation of hypoxia group was significantly higher than that of normoxia group (P=0.000). The cell proliferation rate of HIF-1α-siRNA+hypoxia group was significantly lower than those in other groups (P=0.000). The apoptosis rate of HIF-1α-siRNA+hypoxia group was remarkably higher than those in other groups (P=0.001). RT-PCR detection showed that the mRNA levels of HIF-1α, PD-L1 and STAT3 in the HIF-1α-siRNA+hypoxia group were significantly lower than those in hypoxia group and NC-siRNA+hypoxia group. The protein expression of HIF-1α, PD-L1 and STAT3 showed similar tendency in Western blot assays compared with the mRNA levels. The pSTAT3 protein expression level in HIF-1α-siRNA+hypoxia group was significantly lower than those in hypoxia group and HIF-1α-siRNA+hypoxia group (P=0.001). Conclusion Under hypoxic microenvironment, HIF-1α may up-regulate the expression of PD-L1 through STAT3, thereby promoting the immune escape of cancer cells, leading to the malignant development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE： To establish a method for simultaneous determination of nine components in Huoxiang zhengqi oral liquid， and to improve and perfect the quality standard of Huoxiang zhengqi oral liquid. METHODS： The contents of nine components in 10 batches of Huoxiang zhengqi oral liquid were determined by HPLC， such as licorice coumarin， isorlicin， liquiritinapioside， narirutin， liquiritin， saponins， hesperidin， magnolol and honokiol. The determination was performed on Kromasil Eternity XT-5-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.05％ phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 220 nm， and column temperature was 25 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS： The linear range of licorice coumarin， isorlicin， liquiritinapioside， narirutin， liquiritin， saponins， hesperidin， magnolol and honokiolin were 0.000 5-0.007 5， 0.000 8-0.025 0， 0.006 1-0.976 0， 0.001 6-0.250 0， 0.007 8-0.025 0， 0.000 4- 0.062 7， 0.008 6-0.276 0， 0.010 0-0.500 0， 0.010 0-0.500 0 mg/mL （r＝0.999 2-1.000 0）. The detection limits were 0.001 3， 0.000 1， 0.004 7， 0.005 0， 0.012 0， 0.001 3， 0.007 8， 0.007 7 0， 0.005 8 μg/mL， and the quantitative limits were 0.013 0， 0.000 8， 0.047 0， 0.050 0， 0.120 0， 0.013 0， 0.078 0， 0.070 0， 0.058 0 μg/mL， respectively； RSD of precision， stability and repeatability tests were less than 3.0％ （n＝6）. Average recovery rates were 98.67％， 101.85％， 98.97％， 103.05％， 100.00％， 97.78％， 97.91％， 100.13％， 101.95％； RSDs were 1.14％， 2.18％， 0.40％， 0.17％， 1.38％， 0.85％， 1.38％， 0.10％， 1.35％ （n＝6）. CONCLUSIONS： The established method is accurate and reliable， which can provide reference for the establishment of the overall quality control evaluation system and the improvement of quality standard for Huoxiang zhengqi oral liquid.

Objective To investigate the influence of inclusive leadership on organizational performance of nurses and to test the mediating role of empowerment behavior. Methods From November to December 2016, 293 nurses from 2 public hospitals in Harbin were investigated with Inclusive Leadership Scale, Empowerment Behavior Scale and Team Performance Scale. A total of 293 questionnaires were distributed and 251 questionnaires were effectively recovered. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyze and process data. Results The Score of Inclusive Leadership Scale, Empowerment Behavior Scale and Team Performance Scale was (5.28±1.184), (5.25±1.216) and (5.71±1.233) respectively. Inclusive leadership had a positive correlation with empowerment behavior and organizational performance of nurses (r=0.742,0.605;P＜0.05). In addition, there was a positive correlation between empowerment behavior and organizational performance of nursing staff (r=0.615,P＜0.05). Multivariate linear hierarchical regression analysis showed that inclusive leadership had a positive predictive effect on empowerment behavior and organizational performance, and empowerment behavior of nurses partially mediated between them. Conclusions Inclusive leadership can enhance subordinate nurses' high level of empowerment awareness, thereby directly or indirectly improving nursing organization performance.

Objective To explore the effects of inclusive leadership on affective commitment of nurses and to test the mediating effect of leader-member exchange. Methods From November 2016 to December 2016, we investigated 293 nurses from two Class Ⅲ Grade A governmental hospitals of Harbin with the Inclusive Leadership Scale, Leader-member Exchange Scale and Affective Commitment Scale. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple hierarchical linear regression analysis were used to test the correlations and mediating effect among the variables. A total of 293 questionnaires were sent out and 251 valid questionnaires retained finally. Results Among 251 nurses, the scores of inclusive leadership scale, leader-member exchange scale and affective commitment scale were (5.283±1.184), (5.216±1.139) and (4.902±1.061) respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that inclusive leadership had positive correlations with the leader-member exchange (r=0.771,P＜ 0.01) and affective commitment (r=0.537,P＜ 0.01);leader-member exchange had a positive correlation with affective commitment (r=0.543,P＜ 0.01). Multiple hierarchical linear regression analysis indicated that inclusive leadership had positive effects on leader-member exchange and affective commitment of nurses;leader-member exchange played a partial mediating role between them. Conclusions As a whole, the inclusiveness of nursing managers on nurses is in the upper level and the leader-member exchange of nurses has a high level. Inclusive leadership has positive correlations with the leader-member exchange and affective commitment of nurses. Nursing managers should lead nurses to contribute their wisdoms with the manner of inclusive leadership so as to provide the high quality of nursing service.

Objective To investigate the influence of inclusive leadership on job embeddedness of nurses and the mediating role of insider status.Methods A total of 293 nurses from two ClassⅢ Grade A public hospitals in Harbin City were recruited by convenience sampling method,and investigated with questionnaire survey from November to December 2016.Inclusive Leadership Scale,Job Embeddedness Scale and Insider Status Scale were used as evaluation tools.Data processing was done by descriptive statistics,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.A total of 293 questionnaires were distributed,and 251 valid questionnaires were collected.Results The total scores of Inclusive Leadership Scale,Insider Status Scale and Job Embeddedness Scale of the 251 nurses were (5.28±1.184),(5.57±1.185) and (4.81±1.027) respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that inclusive leadership was positively correlated with the insider status and job embeddedness of nurses (P＜ 0.01).At the same time,the insider status was positively correlated with the job embeddedness of nurses (P＜ 0.01).Multiple linear hierarchical regression analysis showed that inclusive leadership had a positive predictive effect on nurses' insider status (β=0.655,P＜0.01) and job embeddedness (β=0.557,P＜0.01).The insider status played a partial mediating role between inclusive leadership and job embeddedness.Conclusions Inclusive leadership can enhance the perception of insider status,thus directly or indirectly improve the job embeddedness level of nursing staff.

Objective To investigate the method of portable gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) for the determination of common volatile organic compounds in air.Methods The static volumetric method was used,with highly purified nitrogen gas as the diluents gas,to prepare the mixed standard gas of common volatile organic compounds with various mass concentrations.A portable GC-MS handheld probe was used for sampling and measurement,retention time and characteristic ion were used for qualitative analysis,and the full-scan mode was used for quantitative analysis.Results The correlation coefficient of 12 volatile organic compounds determined by this method was higher than 0.999.The minimum detection mass concentration was 0.02～0.12 mg/m3,and the minimum quantitative mass concentration was 0.07～0.40 mg/m3.The relative standard deviation of precision was 4.10％～12.50％;the relative deviation of acetone,benzene,methylbenzene,and dimethylbenzene was-13.56％,9.03％,-10.82％,and 8.67％,respectively.Conclusion Portable GC-MS method can be used for the qualitative analysis and quantification of volatile organic compounds in occupational hazard factors and provide technical supports for identification of occupational hazard factor.

Objective To investigate the method of portable gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) for the determination of common volatile organic compounds in air.Methods The static volumetric method was used,with highly purified nitrogen gas as the diluents gas,to prepare the mixed standard gas of common volatile organic compounds with various mass concentrations.A portable GC-MS handheld probe was used for sampling and measurement,retention time and characteristic ion were used for qualitative analysis,and the full-scan mode was used for quantitative analysis.Results The correlation coefficient of 12 volatile organic compounds determined by this method was higher than 0.999.The minimum detection mass concentration was 0.02～0.12 mg/m3,and the minimum quantitative mass concentration was 0.07～0.40 mg/m3.The relative standard deviation of precision was 4.10％～12.50％;the relative deviation of acetone,benzene,methylbenzene,and dimethylbenzene was-13.56％,9.03％,-10.82％,and 8.67％,respectively.Conclusion Portable GC-MS method can be used for the qualitative analysis and quantification of volatile organic compounds in occupational hazard factors and provide technical supports for identification of occupational hazard factor.