ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between negative life events and depression severity in adolescent patients with depressive disorder， as well as the chain mediating role of insomnia symptoms and quality of life. Methods374 outpatient patients and hospitalized patients with adolescent depressive disorders were enrolled. The Adolescent Life Event Scale （ASLEC）， the Insomnia Severity Index （ISI）， the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire Short Form （WHOQOL-BREF）， and the Center for Epidemiology Depression Scale （CES-D） were used to evaluate the negative life event situation， insomnia symptoms， quality of life level and depression severity of the subjects， respectively. In addition， the PROCESS 4.0 macroprogram was used to analyze the chain mediating effect of insomnia symptoms and quality of life between negative life events and depression severity in patients with adolescent depressive disorder. ResultsThe results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between negative life events and insomnia symptoms， quality of life， and depression severity （all P<0.05）. In addition， the results of chain mediation showed that negative life events had a significant direct effect on depression severity， with an effect size of 0.12 （P<0.001）. Insomnia symptoms and quality of life played a mediating role in the relationship between negative life events and depression severity in patients with adolescent depressive disorders， with indirect effect sizes of 0.062 （95%CI： 0.040-0.087） and 0.091 （95%CI： 0.059-0.123）， respectively. It could also play a chain mediation role， and the effect size was 0.039 （95%CI： 0.024-0.057）. ConclusionNegative life events experienced by patients with adolescent depressive disorder not only directly affect the severity of depressive symptoms， but may also indirectly exacerbate depression through insomnia symptoms and quality of life.

Nucleotide analogues (NAs) and interferon are still the first-line drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but they still cannot completely eliminate covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) within hepatocytes. The clinical cure, or the disappearance of HBsAg, is the ideal goal of antiviral therapy. Although interferon therapy has a significantly greater HBsAg clearance rate and seroconversion rate than NAs, combination or sequential treatment can improve the HBsAg clearance rate and seroconversion rate to a certain extent, and only a small proportion of CHB patients can achieve clinical cure. Therefore, finding indications that predict clinical cure before and during antiviral treatment is crucial for identifying patients who are more likely to achieve HBsAg clearance at an early stage, improving clinical cure rates, and reducing treatment costs. This article reviews the research progress on predictive indicators of clinical cure of chronic hepatitis B in the past five years, explores the value of each indicator in predicting clinical cure, and provides a reference for optimizing CHB treatment strategies.

Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety profile of antaitasvir phosphate combined with yiqibuvir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) of various genotypes, without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis.Methods:394 cases with CHC from 22 centers were collected from October 2021 to April 2023. They were randomly assigned to receive either the experimental drugs (antaitasvir phosphate 100 mg+yiqibuvir 600 mg) or placebo treatment in a 3∶1 ratio. The patients were administered drugs once a day for 12 consecutive weeks, and then followed up for 24 weeks after treatment cessation. All subjects were unblinded at the four-week follow-up following drug discontinuation, with the experimental drug group continuing to complete subsequent post-discontinuation follow-up. The placebo group was switched to receive the experimental drugs for a repeated 12-week treatment period and followed up for another 24 weeks after discontinuation of the drug (placebo delayed treatment phase).The sustained virologic response rate (SVR12) was observed for subjects in the double-blind phase and the placebo delayed-treatment phase at 12 weeks after treatment cessation.Virological resistance analysis was performed on subjects who failed treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was SVR12. The number and percentage of subjects who achieved "HCV RNA

Early diagnosis and therapy of the periodontitis are crucial for the prognosis.Although the latest international classification of periodontal diseases and peri-implant diseases in 2018 can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses,it is extremely complex in practice.At present,the application of artificial intelligence in the field of dentistry is becoming more and more extensive,which has good performance in detecting tooth types and periodontal bone loss.The use of artificial intelli-gence to detect periodontal lesions and calculate periodontitis staging and grading,and guide clinical personalized and precise treatment has become a hot topic of current research.This paper summarizes and analyzes the current research status of artificial intelligence in periodontal radiographic diagnosis,and provides ideas for further research.

OBJECTIVE: To review and summarize the research progress on repairing segmental bone defects using three-dimensional (3D)-printed bone scaffolds combined with vascularized tissue flaps in recent years. METHODS: Relevant literature was reviewed to summarize the application of 3D printing technology in artificial bone scaffolds made from different biomaterials, as well as methods for repairing segmental bone defects by combining these scaffolds with various vascularized tissue flaps. RESULTS: The combination of 3D-printed artificial bone scaffolds with different vascularized tissue flaps has provided new strategies for repairing segmental bone defects. 3D-printed artificial bone scaffolds include 3D-printed polymer scaffolds, bio-ceramic scaffolds, and metal scaffolds. When these scaffolds of different materials are combined with vascularized tissue flaps ( e.g., omental flaps, fascial flaps, periosteal flaps, muscular flaps, and bone flaps), they provide blood supply to the inorganic artificial bone scaffolds. After implantation into the defect site, the scaffolds not only achieve structural filling and mechanical support for the bone defect area, but also promote osteogenesis and vascular regeneration. Additionally, the mechanical properties, porous structure, and biocompatibility of the 3D-printed scaffold materials are key factors influencing their osteogenic efficiency. Furthermore, loading the scaffolds with active components such as osteogenic cells and growth factors can synergistically enhance bone defect healing and vascularization processes. CONCLUSION The repair of segmental bone defects using 3D-printed artificial bone scaffolds combined with vascularized tissue flap transplantation integrates material science technologies with surgical therapeutic approaches, which will significantly improve the clinical treatment outcomes of segmental bone defect repair.
Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Humans ; Surgical Flaps/blood supply* ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Bone and Bones/surgery* ; Biocompatible Materials ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Transplantation/methods* ; Bone Substitutes ; Osteogenesis

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biomechanical research progress on different fixation methods in medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) and provide references for selecting appropriate fixation methods in clinical applications of MOWHTO for treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS: Recent domestic and international literature on the biomechanical studies of MOWHTO fixation methods was reviewed to analyze the characteristics and biomechanical performance of various fixation techniques. RESULTS: The medial-specific osteotomy plate system has become the mainstream due to its high stiffness and stability, but issues such as soft tissue irritation and stress shielding remain. The use of filler blocks significantly enhances fixation stability and promotes bone healing when the osteotomy gap is large, reducing axial displacement by 73%-76% and decreasing plate stress by 90%. Auxiliary screws improve axial and torsional stability, particularly in cases with large correction angles, effectively preventing lateral hinge fractures. Alternative fixation methods like external fixators hold unique clinical value by minimizing soft tissue irritation and allowing postoperative adjustment. CONCLUSION There is currently no unified standard for selecting MOWHTO fixation methods. Clinical decisions should comprehensively consider factors such as bone quality, correction angle, and postoperative rehabilitation needs.
Humans ; Osteotomy/instrumentation* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Tibia/surgery* ; Bone Plates ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery* ; Bone Screws ; External Fixators ; Knee Joint/surgery*

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of secondary metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)on Candida albicans(CA)and to explore some of the mechanisms.Methods PA and CA strains were i-solated from clinical specimens from the hospital.Then,PA strains with inhibitory effects on CA were screened through cross-line test and co-incubation test,and crude extracts of PA secondary metabolites were prepared,and were tested together with pyocyanin,phenazine-1-carboxylic acid,1-hydroxyphenazine,and 3-ox-ododecyl-l-homoserine lactone(3-oxo-HSL).The inhibitory effects of various PA secondary metabolites on CA were determined through minimum inhibitory concentration test,minimum bactericidal concentration test,time-sterilization curve measurement,and XTT method activity measurement test,and some mechanisms by which PA secondary metabolites inhibited CA were explored.Results The strongest inhibitory effect on CA was 1-hydroxyphenazine,and at a concentration of 6.250 μg/mL,the relative activity of CA decreased to 0.00%.Next were pyocyanin and PA crude extract,and the relative fungal activity of CA decreased to 0.00%at concentrations of 200 and 100 μg/mL.1-hydroxyphenazine,pyocyanin,3-oxo-HSL and PA crude extract all had inhibitory effects on the formation of CA hyphae.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)were generated in CA cells treated with 1-hydroxyphenazine,phenazine 1-carboxylic acid,pyocyanin,and PA crude extract,and the highest levels of ROS were induced by pyocyanin and 1-hydroxyphenazine.Conclusion Phenazine secondary metabolites 1-hydroxyphenazine and pyocyanin have significant inhibitory effects on the growth and activity of CA,and both induce the highest amount of ROS.The quorum-sensing signal molecule 3-oxo-HSL have no in-hibitory effect on CA growth,but have a significant inhibitory effect on the formation of fungal hyphae.

Objective To investigate the association between 8 insulin resistance(IR)surrogate markers and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)in population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome(CKM)of stages 0-3,and to identify the surrogate marker with the best predictive performance.Methods A study was conducted on 20121 community residents classified as CKM stages 0-3 from the Chengdu cohort of the China Multi-Ethic Cohort.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios(HRs)between each IR surrogate marker and incident ASCVD.Cubic spline regression was employed to explore the dose-response relationships between these markers and incident ASCVD.The relative relationships between different markers and incident ASCVD were examined through the ratio of HRs(RHRs).Time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(TDAUC)and Uno's C-statistic were calculated to compare the predictive performance of each marker for incident ASCVD.Based on the PREVENT equation components and the 8 surrogate markers under analysis,random forest feature selection was used to determine the contribution of each marker to accurate prediction.Results During a follow-up period of82 741.93 person-years,1447 incident cases of ASCVD were recorded,with an incidence density of 17.49 per 1000 person-years.Association analyses indicated that the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(TG/HDL)and the TyG/(TG/HDL)index were not associated with incident ASCVD(P＞0.05).The TyG index combined with obesity measurement parameters emerged as a reliable predictor of ASCVD incidence.The most promising indicator,TyG index with waist-to-height ratio(TyG_WHtR),exhibited an inverted J-shaped association with incident ASCVD(P for nonlinearity=0.045;TDAUC=0.640;C=0.634),while the TyG index with body mass index(TyG_BMI),waist circumference(TyG_WC),and waist-to-hip ratio(TyG_WHR)showed positive linear associations(all P for trend＜0.05),with relatively lower predictive performance(C=0.564,0.588,and 0.598,respectively).Although both the TyG index and the metabolic score for insulin resistance(METS-IR)were associated with increased ASCVD risk(TyG:Q2 vs.Q1,HR=1.23 and Q4 vs.Q1,HR=1.24;METS-IR:P for non-linearity=0.045),they exhibited poor predictive performance for incident ASCVD.Conclusion The TyG index combined with obesity measurement parameters is an ideal IR surrogate marker for predicting incident ASCVD in populations with stages 0-3 CKM.Monitoring these markers will facilitate the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases in CKM populations.

Objective To investigate the effects of body weight and length of SD rats on the carotid artery balloon injury-induced vascular stenosis model in order to provide a reference for replicating an ideal vascular stenosis mod-el.Methods Male rats were divided into three groups based on body weight and length.The CONQUEROR? SC PTCA balloon catheter was employed,with a fixed balloon inflation volume of 0.2 mL to induce injury in the left common carotid artery,while the right side served as a control.As soon as surgery operation,one rat from each group was selected for Evans Blue dye verification.Fourteen days later,the injured and contra lateral common ca-rotid arteries from remaining rats were harvested for HE staining to check the extent of stenosis.Based on these find-ings,six rats within the optimal range of body weight and length were selected for further validation.Results Rats with body weights ranging from 280 to 380 g(corresponding body lengths of 21.0-26.5 cm)underwent balloon catheter injury,resulting in endothelial detachment and varying degrees of stenosis in the common carotid artery.In rats weighing 280-300 g(body lengths of 21.0-22.5 cm)had severe stenosis or occlusion of the common carotid artery with thrombosis.In rats weighing 320-340 g(body lengths of 23.0-24.5 cm),the internal and external elastic plates of the common carotid artery were ruptured and the vascular morphology was abnormal.Conversely,rats weighing 360-380 g(body lengths of 25.0-26.5 cm)did not show any ruptured elastic laminae or thrombus formation in the common carotid artery,and the extent of vascular stenos in rats with a body weight of 360 g was moderate and uniform.The results of the repeated validation experiments were consistent.Conclusions Rats with a body weight range of 360 g(corresponding body length of 25.0-26.5 cm)are suitable for development of an ideal vascular stenosis model.

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which the SLC7A11 gene regulates the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCCLM3)through the ferroptosis pathway,and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.Methods Differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes in liver cancer were screened based on data from the TCGA and ICGC databases.Detection of mRNA expression levels of TERT,MIOX,MYCN,NOX4,and SLC7A11 in tumor and adjacent non-tumorous tissues from 32 clinical liver cancer samples using qRT-PCR.Further analysis of SLC7A11 and its downstream molecules SLC3A2,GSS,and GPX4 was performed through qRT-PCR,Western blot,and IHC to assess expression levels and tissue distribution.A stable SLC7A11-knockdown HCCLM3 cell line was constructed and used to establish a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in nude mice to evaluate its effect on tumor growth.Mice were divided into two groups(n=6 per group):HCCLM3+sh-NC and HCCLM3+sh-SLC7A11.Serum levels of IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α were measured using ELISA.Histopathological changes in tumor tissues were examined by H&E staining,and the expression of key genes was validated through multiple approaches.Results Bioinformatics analysis showed high expression of SLC7A11 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues(P<0.05),significantly associated with poor patient prognosis.Clinical sample validation revealed significantly higher expression of SLC7A11,SLC3A2,GSS,and GPX4 in cancer tissues compared to control groups(All P<0.05).SLC7A11 knockdown significantly inhibited tumor volume and wet weight(P<0.05),and H&E staining showed reduced vascular density in the sh-SLC7A11 group.ELISA results showed elevated serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α in the sh-SLC7A11 group.qRT-PCR,Western blot,and IHC all showed significantly downregulated expression of SLC7A11,SLC3A2,GSS,and GPX4 in tumor tissues(All P<0.05).Conclusion SLC7A11 inhibits ferroptosis by regulating the GSH-GPX4 axis,promoting hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth.Targeted inhibition of SLC7A11 can induce tumor cell ferroptosis and suppress tumor progression,suggesting it may be an important therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma.