Objective To investigate the impact of different levels of anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)on embryo quality and clini-cal outcomes of fresh embryo transplantation in young infertile female patients undergoing treatment with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplas-mic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI).Methods The clinical data of 528 young infertile female patients who underwent IVF/ICSI treatment at the Center of Reproductive Medicine,Jinhua People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and they were divided into three groups based on serum AMH levels:low AMH group(n=93),medium AMH group(n=273)and high AMH group(n=162).Baseline information,laboratory indicators,and clinical outcomes of the three groups were compared.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between AMH and various laboratory indicators,Logistic regression analysis was adopted to correct for the impact of different baseline information on clinical outcomes in three groups.Results The results of multi-ple linear regression analysis showed that the level of AMH was an independent factor affecting the number of retrieved oocytes and normal fertilization rate,and positively correlated to the number of retrieved oocytes(β=0.630,95％CI:0.405-0.854,P＜0.05),and nega-tively correlated with normal fertilization rate(β=-1.965,95％CI:-2.897-1.033,P＜0.05).The results of Logistic regression a-nalysis showed that there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes among different AMH groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion AMH is an independent influencing factor for predicting the number of retrieved oocytes and normal fertilization rate in young infertile female pa-tients,and AMH is a good indicator of ovarian reserve capacity,but it has no significant ability to predict clinical outcomes in fresh em-bryo transplantation.Even those with low AMH can achieve satisfactory pregnancy outcomes as long as they obtain embryos,and high AMH does not necessarily mean they can achieve better pregnancy outcomes.

Objective:To explore the effects of carnosine on in vitro maturation (IVM) of mouse oocytes and the developmental competency of embryos. Methods:The mouse cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were isolated and cultured in the IVM medium containing 10 μmol/L, 30 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L,100 μmol/L,or 200 μmol/L carnosine for 18 h. IVM medium without carnosine was acted as control group. The optimal concentration was chosen according to the rates of oocyte maturation, embryo cleavage and blastocyst formation. The effect of carnosine was further verified by detecting the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and total glutathione (T-GSH), the distribution of cortical granules and mitochondria, and also the copy numbers of mitochondria.Results:In the 100 μmol/L carnosine group, the rates of oocyte maturation [69.23% (135/195)], embryo cleavage [66.06% (72/109)] and blastocyst formation [48.61% (35/72)] were the highest and showed statistically significant differences ( P<0.001, P<0.001 , P=0.010) when compared with control group [44.44% (84/189), 38.67% (29/75), 20.69% (6/29)]. Therefore, 100 μmol/L was selected as the optimal concentration of carnosine. The levels of ROS and T-GSH in control group were 2.04 and 0.64 times as those in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group (both P<0.001). The percentage of grade Ⅲ cortical granules in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.001). The mitochondria of oocytes in control group were uniformly distributed, while the mitochondria in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group gathered in the central cytoplasmic region, and the fluorescence intensity was higher than that in control group ( P=0.040). The mitochondrial copy number in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group was as much 1.72 times as that in control group ( P<0.001). Conclusion:Carnosine effectively improves oxidative stress in the immature oocytes and promotes the mouse oocyte IVM and embryo development.

Objective:To explore the effects of carnosine on in vitro maturation (IVM) of mouse oocytes and the developmental competency of embryos. Methods:The mouse cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were isolated and cultured in the IVM medium containing 10 μmol/L, 30 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L,100 μmol/L,or 200 μmol/L carnosine for 18 h. IVM medium without carnosine was acted as control group. The optimal concentration was chosen according to the rates of oocyte maturation, embryo cleavage and blastocyst formation. The effect of carnosine was further verified by detecting the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and total glutathione (T-GSH), the distribution of cortical granules and mitochondria, and also the copy numbers of mitochondria.Results:In the 100 μmol/L carnosine group, the rates of oocyte maturation [69.23% (135/195)], embryo cleavage [66.06% (72/109)] and blastocyst formation [48.61% (35/72)] were the highest and showed statistically significant differences ( P<0.001, P<0.001 , P=0.010) when compared with control group [44.44% (84/189), 38.67% (29/75), 20.69% (6/29)]. Therefore, 100 μmol/L was selected as the optimal concentration of carnosine. The levels of ROS and T-GSH in control group were 2.04 and 0.64 times as those in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group (both P<0.001). The percentage of grade Ⅲ cortical granules in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.001). The mitochondria of oocytes in control group were uniformly distributed, while the mitochondria in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group gathered in the central cytoplasmic region, and the fluorescence intensity was higher than that in control group ( P=0.040). The mitochondrial copy number in the 100 μmol/L carnosine group was as much 1.72 times as that in control group ( P<0.001). Conclusion:Carnosine effectively improves oxidative stress in the immature oocytes and promotes the mouse oocyte IVM and embryo development.