Background Job burnout and depressive symptoms are prevalent among occupational populations, with a close relationship between them. Sleep quality, as a potential mediating factor, significantly affects the mental health of workers. Objective To explore the relationship between job burnout, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms, and determine whether sleep quality mediates the relationship between job burnout and depressive symptoms. Methods From April 25 to May 1, 2024, this study employed cluster sampling to conduct a questionnaire survey among individuals engaged in various occupations across five cities in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The questionnaires included socio-demographic information, as well as the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for assessing burnout, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Out of the 4106 questionnaires distributed, a total of 3837 questionnaires were valid, and the valid recovery rate was 93.45%. The distribution among demographic variables in burnout, sleep quality and depressive symptoms were statistically analyzed. A binary logistic regression model was used for multifactor correlation analysis; Pearson correlation was used to test the correlation between burnout, sleep quality, and depressed mood. Modelling and mediated effect path mapping were performed using Amos 24.0 software. Results The postive rate of occupational burnout in the workers was 97.49% (3741/3837), the positive rate of poor sleep quality was 66.77% (2526/3837), and the positive rate of depressive symptoms was 75.68% (2904/3837). There were statistically significant differences in depressive symptoms by ages, shift types, working years, marital status, smoking habits, drinking habits, and exercising frequency (P < 0.05). The logistic model indicated that working years, drinking habits, job burnout, and overall sleep quality were significant factors influencing the occurrence of depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between depressive symptom scores and job burnout scores (r=0.045, P < 0.01), between depressive symptom scores and sleep quality scores (r=0.480, P < 0.01), and between job burnout scores and sleep quality scores (r=0.054, P < 0.01). Furthermore, the indirect effect of job burnout on depressive symptoms through sleep quality was 0.100 (95%CI: 0.204, 0.252; P < 0.01). Conclusion Job burnout and sleep quality are significant factors associated with the occurrence of depressive symptoms among occupational populations, and sleep quality plays a partial mediating role in depressive symptoms associated with job burnout. This finding may provide a scientific basis for developing intervention strategies to control depressive symptoms among workers.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)is the main cause of diarrhea in piglets,which seriously threatens the development of animal husbandry.In order to effectively prevent and con-trol piglet diarrhea,the neutralizing epitopes of the screened K88(FTDYEGASVELRKPDGGT-NK),K99(NVGNGSGGANIN),987P(LAAPAENNTSQAN),F41(VMAADWTEGQPGDII)and F18(PPNAQTYPLSSGDLK)ETEC adhesins were assembled to construct the multi-epitope fusion antigen(MEFA),whose immunogenicity was verified by in silico simulations and in vitro.The computer simulation results showed that MEFA has excellent physicochemical properties and reasonable prediction results of secondary and tertiary structures and exhibits strong interaction force when docking with toll-like receptor 3,and the kinetic simulation shows that it can be stably presented.In vitro validation results showed that anti-K88,K99,987P,F18 and F41 IgY could spe-cifically recognize MEFA proteins.After immunization of laying hens with MEFA,the titers of IgY antibodies against the five ETEC were higher than those of non-specific IgY.In addition,specific anti-MEFA IgY significantly inhibited the adhesion of K88,K99,987P,F41 and F18 ETEC strains to piglet intestinal IPEC-J2 cell lines.These results indicate that MEFA has strong immunogenicity and can be used as an ideal vaccine candidate for the prevention of K88,K99,987P,F41 and F18 ETEC infection,and provide reference and technical support for the development of multivalent broad-spectrum ETEC vaccine candidates.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)is the main cause of diarrhea in piglets,which seriously threatens the development of animal husbandry.In order to effectively prevent and con-trol piglet diarrhea,the neutralizing epitopes of the screened K88(FTDYEGASVELRKPDGGT-NK),K99(NVGNGSGGANIN),987P(LAAPAENNTSQAN),F41(VMAADWTEGQPGDII)and F18(PPNAQTYPLSSGDLK)ETEC adhesins were assembled to construct the multi-epitope fusion antigen(MEFA),whose immunogenicity was verified by in silico simulations and in vitro.The computer simulation results showed that MEFA has excellent physicochemical properties and reasonable prediction results of secondary and tertiary structures and exhibits strong interaction force when docking with toll-like receptor 3,and the kinetic simulation shows that it can be stably presented.In vitro validation results showed that anti-K88,K99,987P,F18 and F41 IgY could spe-cifically recognize MEFA proteins.After immunization of laying hens with MEFA,the titers of IgY antibodies against the five ETEC were higher than those of non-specific IgY.In addition,specific anti-MEFA IgY significantly inhibited the adhesion of K88,K99,987P,F41 and F18 ETEC strains to piglet intestinal IPEC-J2 cell lines.These results indicate that MEFA has strong immunogenicity and can be used as an ideal vaccine candidate for the prevention of K88,K99,987P,F41 and F18 ETEC infection,and provide reference and technical support for the development of multivalent broad-spectrum ETEC vaccine candidates.