As a new type of model organism， zebrafish is gradually gaining prominence in the field of scientific research. The unique biological characteristics and advantages of zebrafish make them play an increasingly important role in the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine. Compared with other common experimental animals， zebrafish have a fast reproductive and growth speed and high embryo transparency， making them an ideal model for evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicine. This provides a new perspective and method for research on traditional Chinese medicine. With the growing global interest in traditional Chinese medicine， it has become crucial to find scientific and accurate methods to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine. The introduction of the zebrafish model has brought new breakthroughs in the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine. To further promote the application of zebrafish in evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicine， this article systematically searched and sorted out the previous studies related to the application of zebrafish for this purpose since 2023. The commonly used disease models and indicators of zebrafish in evaluating the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine， as well as the mechanism of zebrafish in exploring the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine， were primarily reviewed. The application of zebrafish in evaluating the safety of traditional Chinese medicine and the typical examples in ensuring the quality of traditional Chinese medicine were demonstrated. The limitations encountered by zebrafish models in evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicine were highlighted. The resolution of these problems will help further improve the accuracy and reliability of zebrafish in evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicine. The article discussed the evaluation of effectiveness， safety， and quality control of zebrafish applied in traditional Chinese medicine， so as to provide a reference for establishing standards for traditional Chinese medicine and promoting its modernization in the future.

ObjectiveBased on the zebrafish model， the hepatotoxicity and anti-osteoporotic activity of evodiamine （EVO） were studied. The mechanism of EVO in treating osteoporosis was explored by using network pharmacology and real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）. MethodsThree days after fertilization （3 dpf）， zebrafish were randomly selected and exposed to different concentrations of EVO solution for 96 hours. The mortality rate of zebrafish at different concentrations was calculated at the exposure endpoint， and a "dose-toxicity" curve was drawn. The 10% lethal concentration （LC₁₀） was calculated. Liver phenotype， acridine orange staining， and pathological tissue sections of liver-transgenic zebrafish ［CZ16 （gz15Tg.Tg （fabp 10a： ds Red； ela31： EGFP））］ were used to confirm hepatotoxicity of EVO. On this basis， prednisolone was used to create a model of osteoporosis in zebrafish. The skull development， area of the skull stained by alizarin red， and cumulative optical density were used as indicators to evaluate the anti-osteoporotic activity of EVO in a safe dose. Based on network pharmacology， the mechanism of action of EVO in the treatment of osteoporosis was predicted and verified through Real-time PCR. ResultsThe LC₁₀ of EVO on zebrafish （7 dpf） was determined to be 0.4 mg·L^-1. Compared with the control group， sublethal concentrations （10=0.36 mg·L^-1 and 1/2LC₁₀=0.18 mg·L^-1） significantly decreased the fluorescence area of zebrafish liver （P<0.05，P<0.01） and increased the number of liver cell apoptosis. The arrangement of liver tissue was disordered and loose， and the vacuole was obvious， especially in the 0.36 mg·L^-1 group. Compared with the control group， under safe dose conditions， 0.08 and 0.02 mg·L^-1 of EVO had no significant effect on the liver. Prednisolone administration significantly reduced the mineralization area and cumulative optical density of zebrafish skulls （P<0.01） compared with the control group. The mineralization area and cumulative optical density of zebrafish skulls in the 0.08 and 0.02 mg·L^-1 groups of EVO were significantly increased compared with the model group （P<0.01）. Network pharmacology prediction suggested that EVO may regulate key targets such as avian sarcoma viral oncogene homolog （SRC）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， interleukin-8 （CXCL8） and tyrosine kinase receptor 2 （ERBB2） to regulate signaling pathways related to lipid and atherosclerosis in diabetic complications， as well as the regulation of inflammatory mediators of tryptophan （TRP） channels. Real-time PCR experiment results indicated that EVO could regulate the above-mentioned targets， as well as genes related to osteoblasts and osteoclasts. ConclusionExcessive doses of EVO can lead to hepatotoxicity in zebrafish. Under safe dosage conditions， EVO can regulate relevant targets to exert anti-osteoporotic activity， providing a reference for the clinical safe use of EVO and ideas for the development of new drugs for osteoporosis.

Clinical management of atopic dermatitis (AD) is challenged by its susceptibility to recurrence, side effects, and high costs. We found that Portulaca oleracea L.-derived nanovesicles (PDNV) exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating macrophage M1/M2 polarization. These effects were achieved through pathways including inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein expression in diseased tissues, demonstrating their potential to ameliorate AD symptoms. To increase the transdermal permeation of PDNV, dissolvable microneedles composed primarily of hyaluronic acid (HA) were developed as an adjunctive means of delivery. Meanwhile, polysaccharides of Portulaca oleracea L., which were synergistic with PDNV, were used as microneedle constituent materials to enhance the mechanical properties and physical stability of HA. This new means of delivery significantly improves the treatment of AD and also provides new options for the efficient utilization of plant extracellular vesicles and the treatment of AD. In addition, transcriptomic analysis of PDNV showed that the mRNAs of Portulaca oleracea L. are closest to those of ferns, which may shed light on related evolutionary and plant species identification studies.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of ab-externo circumferential suture trabeculotomy(CST)on the 24 h pattern of intraocular pressure(IOP)in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).METHODS: This retrospective study included 18 POAG patients who had poor control of IOP from March 2021 to May 2022. The ab-externo CST was performed, and IOP was tested preoperatively and 1 a postoperatively(9:00 a.m., 12:00 a.m., 3:00 p.m., 6:00 p.m., 9:00 p.m., 12:00 p.m., 3 a.m., and 6:00 a.m.). The mean, peak, trough, and range of IOP, as well as the average diurnal-nocturnal IOP change were calculated and compared.RESULTS: The 24 h IOP curves exhibited a decreasing trend during the diurnal period and an increasing trend during the nocturnal period, reaching a trough in the afternoon and peaking at night; the time of trough and peak IOP occurred several hours earlier compared to preoperative eyes. Postoperatively, the mean, peak, and trough IOP values were significantly lower compared to preoperative levels. The range of fluctuation showed no significant difference, while the average diurnal-nocturnal IOP change increased significantly.CONCLUSION: CST could reduce IOP of patients with POAG, but could not change the range of IOP fluctuation. However, an increase in the average diurnal-nocturnal IOP change was observed, indicating that CST might not necessarily reduce diurnal-nocturnal IOP fluctuations.

Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of the assessment tools of Brief ICF Core Sets for Arthroplasty of Knee Osteoarthritis in Perioperative Period(ICSAKOPP). Methods From May,2022 to April,2023,320 patients undergoing knee arthroplasty were selected in Peking University Third Hospital,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Peking University First Hospital and Chinese PLA General Hospital.Trained assessors used Brief ICSAKOPP to evaluate all enrolled patients before arthroplasty,three days(±one day)after arthroplasty,three weeks(±one week)after arthroplasty,and three months(±one month)after ar-throplasty.Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)scores were recorded at the same time.Five professionals were asked to score all the items of Brief ICSAKOPP,and the content validity index(CVI)was caculated. Results A total of 64 cases were dropped down.CVI of all the items of the Brief ICSAKOPP were above 0.8,with a av-erage CVI of the scale of 0.938.The Cronbach's α coefficient of the Brief ICSAKOPP was 0.813.There was a moderate correlation(r=0.681,P<0.001)between the overall Brief ICSAKOPP and WOMAC scores,as well as body functional dimension score(r=0.668,P<0.001)and activities and participation dimension score(r=0.657,P<0.001). Conclusion Brief ICSAKOPP is good in content validity,internal consistency reliability and criterion validity.

Japan is one of the main trading partners for the import and export of experimental animals in China,and its quarantine and supervision policies for the import and export of experimental animals are very detailed and strict.This article takes experimental dogs,cats,and monkeys as examples to provide an in-depth analysis of the quarantine and supervision policies for the main experimental animals exported to Japan.At the same time,it reflects on the current laws and regulations,import and export management method,standards,biosafety,breeding and management status,as well as the import and export business status of experimental animals in China.Suggestions are provided in improving the laws and regulations,import and export management method,ensuring national biosafety,improving the management level of experimental animal breeding,and promoting the import and export trade of experimental animals,in order to provide reference for comprehensively improving the production,use,and breeding management level of experimental animals in China and strengthening the trade between China and Japan.

Previous studies have revealed that patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) exhibit differences in symptom severity and prognosis, indicating potential HCM subtypes among these patients. Here, 793 patients with HCM were recruited at an average follow-up of 32.78 ± 27.58 months to identify potential HCM subtypes by performing consensus clustering on the basis of their echocardiography features. Furthermore, we proposed a systematic method for illustrating the relationship between the phenotype and genotype of each HCM subtype by using machine learning modeling and interactome network detection techniques based on whole-exome sequencing data. Another independent cohort that consisted of 414 patients with HCM was recruited to replicate the findings. Consequently, two subtypes characterized by different clinical outcomes were identified in HCM. Patients with subtype 2 presented asymmetric septal hypertrophy associated with a stable course, while those with subtype 1 displayed left ventricular systolic dysfunction and aggressive progression. Machine learning modeling based on personal whole-exome data identified 46 genes with mutation burden that could accurately predict subtype propensities. Furthermore, the patients in another cohort predicted as subtype 1 by the 46-gene model presented increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. By employing echocardiography and genetic screening for the 46 genes, HCM can be classified into two subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Huashi Runzao prescription （HRP） on the histopathological injury and function of submandibular gland in naive non-obese diabetic （NOD/Ltj） mouse model of Sjögren's syndrome （SS） and its regulatory effect on aquaporin 5 （AQP5） expression in submandibular gland cells. MethodThe SS model was induced in NOD/Ltj mice. The NOD/Ltj female mice aged nine weeks were selected and randomly assigned into model group，HRP group （7.15 g·kg^-1·d^-1），and hydroxychloroquine （HCQ） group （1.30 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and female BALB/c mice in the same age were selected and assigned into the normal group， with six mice in each group. Drug intervention lasted eight weeks. The water consumption and salivary flow rate （SFR） of each group were recorded. The pathological staining results of the submandibular gland of mice in each group were observed and scored. AQP5 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry （IHC） and Western blot. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed increased water consumption （P<0.05） and reduced SFR （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the HRP group showed decreased water consumption （P<0.05） and increased SFR （P<0.05）， and the HCQ group showed increased SFR （P<0.05）. In terms of histopathological results of the submandibular gland，compared with the normal group，the model group showed increased pathological score， number of lymphocyte infiltration foci，and percentage of lymphatic infiltration area （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the HRP group showed reduced pathological scores and number of lymphocyte infiltration foci （P<0.05）， and the HRP group and the HCQ group showed reduced percentage of lymphatic infiltration area（P<0.05）. The results of IHC and Western blot showed that compared with the normal group，the model group showed down-regulated expression level of AQP5 protein （P<0.05）， and compared with the model group and the HCQ group，the HRP group showed up-regulated expression level of AQP5 protein （P<0.05）. ConclusionHRP can improve the secretion function of submandibular gland acinous cells and glandular structure injury in SS model mice， and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of AQP5 protein expression level in submandibular gland cells.

ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy and safety of Huashi Runzao prescription for patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome （pSS） of combined dryness and dampness pattern. MethodA total of 105 eligible patients were randomized into the experimental group （65 cases） and control group （40 cases）， and they were respectively treated with Huashi Runzao prescription and hydroxychloroquine for 12 weeks. Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） was employed to assess the symptoms. The symptoms of dryness， fatigue， and pain， European League Against Rheumatism （EULAR） Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index （ESSPRI）， EULAR Sjögren's syndrome disease activity index （ESSDAI）， and immune inflammatory indicators before and after treatment were compared between the two groups， and adverse reactions were observed. ResultAfter treatment， the ESSPRI score was lower than that before treatment in the experimental groups （P<0.01） and was lower in the experimental group than in the control group （P<0.05）. The VAS scores of dry mouth， dry eyes， overall dryness， fatigue， and pain in the experimental group decreased compared with those before treatment （P<0.01）， and the experimental group had lower VAS scores of dry mouth and overall dryness than the control group （P<0.01）. After treatment， the ESSDAI score of both groups decreased compared with that before treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）， but there was no significant difference between the groups. After treatment， the level of immunoglobulin M （IgM） decreased （P<0.01） and the level of complement C3 increased （P<0.01） in the experimental group， while the level of complement C3 decreased in the control group （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the laboratory indexes between groups. During the treatment， stomachache occurred to one case in the experimental group， which was alleviated after the treatment， and no adverse reaction was observed in the control group. According to the chi-square test， the occurrence of adverse reactions was insignificantly different between the two groups. ConclusionHuashi Runzao prescription can alleviate the symptoms of dryness， fatigue， and pain， and reduce disease activity without associated side effects in pSS patients with combined dampness and dryness pattern.