In recent years， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has achieved significant progress in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）. A comprehensive literature search was conducted covering the period from January 1， 2010， to December 30， 2024， across Chinese databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data， VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database， and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System， as well as international databases such as PubMed， Web of Science， and Embase. The clinical applications and mechanistic studies of TCM in IBD were systematically reviewed. The current status of TCM research on the etiology and pathogenesis of IBD， innovative clinical practices， and multimodal therapeutic approaches， including Chinese herbal formulas， single herbs or active compounds， acupuncture， herbal retention enema， and acupoint application， were summarized， together with their synergistic effects when combined with western medical treatments. The development and application of Chinese patent medicines for IBD are undergoing a profound transition from efficacy validation to mechanistic exploration. Mechanistic studies on the effects of TCM in IBD mainly focus on regulating gut microbiota homeostasis， repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier， and modulating intestinal immune balance. Furthermore， future research directions for TCM-based IBD management are proposed， including the establishment of TCM diagnostic and treatment models， expanding integrated applications of external and internal TCM therapies， innovating personalized treatment strategies， and advancing drug development. These efforts aim to provide insights for the standardized and precision-oriented development of TCM in the diagnosis and treatment of IBD.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis snails in Yunnan Province fol-lowing interruption of schistosomiasis transmission, so as to provide the evidence for assessing the risk of schistosomiasis transmission and scientifically formulating the schistosomiasis surveillance program. Methods According to the requirements of the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Scheme (2020 Edition), O. hupensis snail surveillance data were collected from 18 schistosomiasis-endemic counties (cities, districts) in Yunnan Province from 2020 to 2024, including area of snail survey, area of snail habitats, area of re-emerging snail habitats, number of frames surveyed, number of frames with O. hupensis snails, number of O. hupensis snails captured, and number of living snails, and the occurrence of frames with snails and mean density of living snails were calculated. Changes in snail status over the 5-year period from 2020 to 2024 and the differences in snail distributions specified by epidemic intensity, environmental type, and vegetation type were analyzed. Results The areas of snail survey increased from 1 727.96 hm² in 2020 to 3 894.45 hm² in 2024 (peak) across 18 schistosomiasis-endemic counties (cities, districts) in Yunnan Province during the period from 2020 through 2024. The areas of snail habitats increased from 70.36 hm² in 2020 to a peak in 2023 (172.04 hm²), followed by a reduction to 132.36 hm² in 2024, and the areas of re-emerging snail habitats increased from 42.71 hm² in 2020 to a peak in 2022 (78.43 hm²), followed by a reduction to 40.21 hm² in 2024. The occurrence of frames with snails and mean density of living snails increased from 1.24% (3 025/244 404) and (0.033 2 ± 0.038 7) snails/0.1 m² in 2020 to peaks at 2.03% (6 231/307 563) and (0.066 9 ± 0.068 4) snails/0.1 m² in 2023, followed by reductions to 1.04% (5 829/559 941) and (0.032 6 ± 0.057 7) snails/0.1 m² in 2024, respectively. There was a significant difference in the occurrence of frames with snails over the 5-year study period (χ² = 1 962.95, P < 0.05), and the occurrence of frames with snails reduced by 48.71% in 2024 relative to in 2023 (χ² = 1 411.05, P < 0.005); however, there was no significant difference in the mean density of living snails over the 5 years (H = 5.310, P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the occurrence of frames with snails (χ² = 481.27, P < 0.05) and mean density of living snails (H = 6.872, P < 0.05) in schistosomiasis-endemic areas with different epidemic intensities. The occurrence of frames with snails (χ² = 25.32 and 38.70, both P values < 0.017) and mean density of living snails (Z = 28.55 and 49.96, both P values < 0.017) were higher in schistosomiasis transmission-interrupted and eliminated areas with snails than in schistosomiasis-eliminated areas without snails, and the occurrence of frames with snails (χ² = 453.54, P < 0.017) and mean density of living snails (Z = −56.97, P < 0.017) were higher in schistosomiasis-eliminated areas with snails than in schistosomiasis transmission-interrupted areas with snails. O. hupensis snails were mainly distributed in paddy fields, dry farmlands and ditches; however, the occurrence of frames with snails (13.40%, 424/3 164) and mean density of living snails [(0.252 8 ± 0.158 7) snails/0.1 m²] were higher in ponds/weirs than in other types of environments (both P values < 0.05). Rice, dry farmland crops and weeds were main vegetations in which O. hupensis snails were distributed, and the occurrence of frames with snails (2.29%, 7 111/310 140) and mean density of living snails [(0.072 3 ± 0.018 9) snails/0.1 m²] were higher in weeds than in other types of environments (both P values < 0.05). Conclusions O. hupensis snails have been effectively controlled in Yunnan Province following implementation of integrated schistosomiasis control measures; however, there are still risk factors for schistosomiasis transmission, including reduced attention to schistosomiasis control and snail re-emergence. Improved control efforts and surveillance system construction and timely identification of risk factors of snail status and timely management are recommended to ensure the achievement of the target of schistosomiasis elimination as scheduled.

Objective To observe the correlations between left atrial myocardial strain and left ventricular function in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD).Methods Fifty-one DMD children(DMD group)and 42 healthy one(control group)were prospectively enrolled.The parameters of routine ultrasound and three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography(3D-STE)were compared between groups,and the correlations between left atrial strain parameters and left ventricular function parameters were analyzed.Results The mitral annular lateral wall velocity(e'),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left atrial ejection fraction(LAEF),left atrioventricular coupling index(LACI),left ventricular global longitudinal strain(LVGLS),left atrial strain during reservoir phase(LASr)and left atrial strain during conduit phase(LAScd)were all lower,while mitral early diastolic peak flow velocity/e'(E/e'),left atrial stiffness index(LASI)and left atrial filling index(LAFI)were higher in DMD group than those in control group(all P＜0.05).In DMD group,LAEF,LASr and LAScd were moderately positively correlated with LVGLS(r=0.409,0.437,0.440,all P＜0.05),LAFI and LASI were weakly negatively correlated with LVGLS(r=-0.207,-0.223,both P＜0.05),while LASr was moderately positively correlated with e'(r=0.419,P＜0.05).Conclusion The left atrial myocardial strain was correlated with left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in DMD children.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of Tropheryma whipplei(TW)infection and observe the application of pathogenic metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)in diagnosis of TW infection.METHODS The clinical data were collected from 1 patient who was diagnosed by mNGS in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University on Apr.9,2022.The data including the results of laboratory tests and treatment out-comes were summarized,and a literature review was conducted.RESULTS A 50-year-old woman presented to the hospital with chest tightness and chest pain lasting for 3 days,accompanied by dyspnea,palpitations,and expec-toration.The chest plain CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scan suggested a high probability of pul-monary infection.Normal flora were isolated by culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF);TW and human βherpes virus type 7 were detected in BALF by mNGS,with the sequence numbers 327 000 and 9,respectively.The pulmonary symptoms of the patient were improved after joint treatment of the infection with etimicin,levo-floxacin and minocycline.The patient repeatedly sought for medical treatment due to the pain of shoulder joint and limitation of motion.CONCLUSIONS TW is one of major pathogens leading to the infections of systemic multiple systems,and it is necessary to attach great importance to the diagnosis and treatment.The traditional laboratory test method can not achieve ideal diagnosis effect and is more likely to make a missed diagnosis.mNGS is more ac-curate and more efficient than the traditional detection method in diagnosis of TW-induced diseases.Early use of mNGS can make a rapid identification of pathogens and facilitate the reasonable clinical use of antibiotics.It is of great significance for control of the disease progression,improvement of prognosis and prevention of recurrence.

The spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)poses a serious threat to global public health.Recent studies have shown that in addition to the difficulty in antibiotic selection,many non-anti-biotic environmental pollutants,such as microplastics,heavy metals,nanomaterials and non-antibiotic drugs,can accelerate the spread of ARGs.This paper begins by outlining the influence of non-antibiotic environmental pollutants on the conjugative transfer of ARGs.Then,the mechanisms of ARGs are analyzed from the perspective of molecular biology,which include inducing the generation of large amounts of reactive oxygen radicals,triggering cellular oxidative stress,increasing intercellular contact,altering the permeability of cell membranes,affecting energy metabolism,triggering group sensing effects,and regulating the expression of genes related to the transfer of ARGs.Finally,the limitations of current studies are presented,and tips are given about future research.In conclusion,the effects of non-antibi-otic environmental pollutants on the spread and dispersal of ARGs need to be studied more extensively.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies found that the proliferative scar-specific long non-coding RNA lncRNA HSFAS is a novel biomarker that can be used in the diagnosis of hypertrophic scar,but how it functions in hypertrophic scar is not clear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA HSFAS in hypertrophic scar.METHODS:Fresh scar tissue and surrounding normal skin tissue samples from three patients with hypertrophic scar were collected,and tissue immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in frozen sections of two skin tissues. Primary fibroblasts were isolated from proliferative scarred skin tissue and normal skin tissue and cultured by enzyme digestion method. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of lncRNA HSFAS in cells. The proteins bound to lncRNA HSFAS were detected by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. GO and KEGG were used to analyze the main functions and pathways of lncRNA HSFAS involved in hypertrophic scar progression. The targeted binding of lncRNA HSFAS to proteins was determined by catRAPID and RPISeq website analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with normal skin tissue and fibroblasts from normal skin tissue,the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in human hypertrophic scar tissue and primary fibroblasts from hypertrophic scar tissue was significantly increased (P<0.05). There were 510 proteins clearly bound to lncRNA HSFAS by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. The results of GO and KEGG analyses showed that these proteins were mainly involved in RNA splicing and processing,chromosome synthesis and separation,and cell cycle. Among them,the proteins involved in RNA splicing and processing included scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1,and the binding fraction with lncRNA HSFAS was higher. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that lncRNA HSFAS was bound to scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins. To conclude,lncRNA HSFAS may affect gene expression by interacting with scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins to regulate RNA splicing and processing modification,thus promoting the occurrence and development of hypertrophic scar.

Objective To assess the utility of real-time shear wave elastography(SWE)in diagnosing vascular erectile dysfunction(ED)and to predict the optimal timing for color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI)examination.Methods Patients diagnosed with ED who received intracavernosal injection(ICI)of vasoactive drugs were recruited and categorized based on CDFI findings into three groups:arterial ED(n=17),venous ED(n=33),and non-vascular ED(n=29).SWE technology was utilized to measure the average Young's modulus(E value)of the corpus cavernosum in these patients,both in the flaccid state prior to ICI and at four time points following ICI-induced erection.Subsequently,the differences in E values among the three groups were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the E value of the corpus cavernosum in the flaccid state among the arterial,venous,and non-vascular ED groups before ICI(P>0.05).However,the E value in the flaccid state for each group was significantly higher than the mean E values observed at the four time points after ICI-induced erection(P<0.01).Additionally,the mean E values at these four time points post-ICI were also statistically significant(P<0.01).ROC curve analysis revealed that the AUC for diagnosing arterial,venous,and non-vascular ED using the E value after ICI were 0.814,0.770,and 0.711,respectively,with corresponding cutoff values of 9.98,8.16 and 7.06 kPa.The combined use of CDFI and SWE cutoff values following ICI-induced erection significantly shortened the detection time for both arterial and venous ED groups(P<0.01).Conclusions SWE can accurately measure the E value of the corpus cavernosum following erection induced by the vasoactive drug ICI,thereby facilitating the differentia-tion of various types of ED.Additionally,when combined with CDFI,this technique can reduce the time required for examination.

Objective To assess the utility of real-time shear wave elastography(SWE)in diagnosing vascular erectile dysfunction(ED)and to predict the optimal timing for color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI)examination.Methods Patients diagnosed with ED who received intracavernosal injection(ICI)of vasoactive drugs were recruited and categorized based on CDFI findings into three groups:arterial ED(n=17),venous ED(n=33),and non-vascular ED(n=29).SWE technology was utilized to measure the average Young's modulus(E value)of the corpus cavernosum in these patients,both in the flaccid state prior to ICI and at four time points following ICI-induced erection.Subsequently,the differences in E values among the three groups were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the E value of the corpus cavernosum in the flaccid state among the arterial,venous,and non-vascular ED groups before ICI(P>0.05).However,the E value in the flaccid state for each group was significantly higher than the mean E values observed at the four time points after ICI-induced erection(P<0.01).Additionally,the mean E values at these four time points post-ICI were also statistically significant(P<0.01).ROC curve analysis revealed that the AUC for diagnosing arterial,venous,and non-vascular ED using the E value after ICI were 0.814,0.770,and 0.711,respectively,with corresponding cutoff values of 9.98,8.16 and 7.06 kPa.The combined use of CDFI and SWE cutoff values following ICI-induced erection significantly shortened the detection time for both arterial and venous ED groups(P<0.01).Conclusions SWE can accurately measure the E value of the corpus cavernosum following erection induced by the vasoactive drug ICI,thereby facilitating the differentia-tion of various types of ED.Additionally,when combined with CDFI,this technique can reduce the time required for examination.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies found that the proliferative scar-specific long non-coding RNA lncRNA HSFAS is a novel biomarker that can be used in the diagnosis of hypertrophic scar,but how it functions in hypertrophic scar is not clear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA HSFAS in hypertrophic scar.METHODS:Fresh scar tissue and surrounding normal skin tissue samples from three patients with hypertrophic scar were collected,and tissue immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in frozen sections of two skin tissues. Primary fibroblasts were isolated from proliferative scarred skin tissue and normal skin tissue and cultured by enzyme digestion method. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of lncRNA HSFAS in cells. The proteins bound to lncRNA HSFAS were detected by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. GO and KEGG were used to analyze the main functions and pathways of lncRNA HSFAS involved in hypertrophic scar progression. The targeted binding of lncRNA HSFAS to proteins was determined by catRAPID and RPISeq website analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with normal skin tissue and fibroblasts from normal skin tissue,the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in human hypertrophic scar tissue and primary fibroblasts from hypertrophic scar tissue was significantly increased (P<0.05). There were 510 proteins clearly bound to lncRNA HSFAS by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. The results of GO and KEGG analyses showed that these proteins were mainly involved in RNA splicing and processing,chromosome synthesis and separation,and cell cycle. Among them,the proteins involved in RNA splicing and processing included scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1,and the binding fraction with lncRNA HSFAS was higher. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that lncRNA HSFAS was bound to scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins. To conclude,lncRNA HSFAS may affect gene expression by interacting with scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins to regulate RNA splicing and processing modification,thus promoting the occurrence and development of hypertrophic scar.

Objective:To conduct a Meta-analysis for domestically and internationally relative literature on management for medical consumables during 2014 to 2024 through CiteSpace 6.3.1 R1 scientific knowledge mapping software,so as to provide reference for medical institutions in managing medical consumables.Methods:Keywords included"consumables management"and"medical supplies management"were searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.CiteSpace software was employed to conduct keyword co-occurrence analysis,time-zone visualization analysis,cluster analysis,and burst detection analysis.Results:In the 684 articles meeting the inclusion criteria,the United States and China were the two countries with the largest number of publications,contributing 68 articles and 376 articles,respectively.In CNKI database,"High-value consumables"had the highest number of publications in cluster literatures(33 articles,silhouette value=0.91),which indicated a strong research focus in the field of management for high-value medical consumables.In the international database,both of the"da Vinci Si"(31 articles,silhouette value=0.982)and"sustainability"(22 articles,silhouette value=0.981)had significant research hotspots,which reflected global attention on technological innovation and sustainability in management for consumables.Conclusion:The main research hotspots and development trends in the field of medical supplies management,both domestically and internationally,concentrate on the informatization and whole-process supervision of high-value medical supplies,technological management innovation for supplies related to robotic surgery,as well as the sustainability and environmentally friendly development of medical supply management systems.Future research should further integrate intelligent technologies,advance the practice of whole-life cycle management,and strengthen its application and validation in clinical effectiveness,so as to enhance the efficiency and quality of healthcare services.