Objective To investigate the protective effect of Qianggukangwei Recipe(QG)on myotube cell atrophy induced by simulated microgravity effect(SMG).Methods The induced differentiation mouse myotube cells(C2C12 cells)were divided into six groups.Then the 48h simulated microgravity effect(SMG)model of mouse myotube cells was established by three-dimensional gyrotron(48h-SMG group).The cells in 3 groups were treated with 2.50,1.25,0.625 mg/mL QG.The cells in the left group were treated with 2.70 μg/mL alendronate sodium as positive control group.The levels of oxidative and inflammatory factors in myotube cells were detected by kits.The protein expression levels of NF-κB/IκB protein decomposition pathway and IGF-1/PI3K/Akt protein synthesis pathway were detected by Western blotting.The IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway was verified by 7 μmol/L of IGF-1 inhibitor.Results As compared with the control group,oxidation and inflammation levels in myotube cells increased significantly(P<0.05).The protein expression levels of IKK,NF-κB,and MURF-1 were significantly increased by 19.9%±6.1%,189.3%±15.9%,445.0%±46.1%,and IκB was significantly decreased by 26.5%±0.1%(P<0.05).The levels of IGF-1,PI3K,p-Akt/Akt and mTOR in the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway were decreased by 23.6%±0.5%,30.7%±2.7%,13.3%±1.1%,21.0%±1.6%(P<0.05).The three doses of QG could and reduce the level of cellular oxidative stress and inflammation(P<0.05).QG could also activate the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibit the NF-κB/IκB pathway.Among them,the high dose of QG(2.50 mg/mL)significantly decreased the protein expression levels of IKK,NF-κB and MURF-1 by 39.9%±2.4%,48.6%±0.1%,70.0%±2.1%(P<0.05),and significantly increased the expression levels of IGF-1,PI3K,mTOR and Akt phosphorylation by 43.1%±1.1%,100.0%±7.7%,71.8%±2.5%,95.2%±12.8%(P<0.05).Conclusion QG can significantly alleviate myotube cell atrophy induced by SMG effect by regulating relevant protein synthesis and degradation pathways.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of auditory brainstem response(ABR)wave Ⅰ latency and 1 000 Hz acoustic immittance in the assessment of middle ear function in infants.Methods A total of 74 infants who were born within 6 months of age from 2020 to 2021 were selected,with a total of 148 ears.According to the click ABR(hereinafter referred to as ABR)threshold,they were divided into mild group(56 ears),moderate group(14 ears)and normal group(78 ears).The ABR wave Ⅰ latency and 1 000 Hz acoustic immittance results were ana-lyzed respectively.Results The Kappa values between ABR wave Ⅰ latency and 1 000 Hz tympanometry in infants of mild and moderate groups were 0.708 and 0.650,respectively.There was no significant difference in the detec-tion rate of middle ear function abnormality(P＞0.05)in infants with mild and moderate threshold impairment within 6 months of age.The paried Chi-square test showed a significant difference between the ABR wave Ⅰ latency and 1 000 Hz acoustic immittance in infants with normal threshold at 6 month of age(P＜0.05),with a Kappa val-ue of 0.297.Conclusion The middle ear function could be evaluated by ABR wave Ⅰ latency or 1 000 Hz acoustic immittance in 6-month-old infants with mild or moderate abnormality.For infants with normal ABR threshold,1 000 Hz acoustic immittance and the latency of ABR wave Ⅰ need to be cross-verified.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hypomethylating agents (HMA) in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) .Methods:A total of 409 MDS patients from 45 hospitals in Zhejiang province who received at least four consecutive cycles of HMA monotherapy as initial therapy were enrolled to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HMA. Mann-Whitney U or Chi-square tests were used to compare the differences in the clinical data. Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to analyze the factors affecting efficacy and survival. Kaplan-Meier was used for survival analysis. Results:Patients received HMA treatment for a median of 6 cycles (range, 4-25 cycles) . The complete remission (CR) rate was 33.98% and the overall response rate (ORR) was 77.02%. Multivariate analysis revealed that complex karyotype ( P=0.02, OR=0.39, 95% CI 0.18-0.84) was an independent favorable factor for CR rate. TP53 mutation ( P=0.02, OR=0.22, 95% CI 0.06-0.77) was a predictive factor for a higher ORR. The median OS for the HMA-treated patients was 25.67 (95% CI 21.14-30.19) months. HMA response ( P=0.036, HR=0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.95) was an independent favorable prognostic factor, whereas complex karyotype ( P=0.024, HR=2.14, 95% CI 1.10-4.15) , leukemia transformation ( P<0.001, HR=2.839, 95% CI 1.64-4.92) , and TP53 mutation ( P=0.012, HR=2.19, 95% CI 1.19-4.07) were independent adverse prognostic factors. There was no significant difference in efficacy and survival between the reduced and standard doses of HMA. The CR rate and ORR of MDS patients treated with decitabine and azacitidine were not significantly different. The median OS of patients treated with decitabine was longer compared with that of patients treated with azacitidine (29.53 months vs 20.17 months, P=0.007) . The incidence of bone marrow suppression and pneumonia in the decitabine group was higher compared with that in the azacitidine group. Conclusion:Continuous and regular use of appropriate doses of hypomethylating agents may benefit MDS patients to the greatest extent if it is tolerated.

Objective To observe the effect of abdominal acupuncture in treating allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods Twenty-seven AR patients who attended Fangshan Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from August to October 2022 were selected.They were divided into treatment group(15 cases)and control group(12 cases)according to randomized numerical table method.The treatment group received abdominal acupuncture.The control group at the same point was used one-time sterile cannula acupuncture to simulate acupuncture,but no needle was inserted into the acupoint.Two groups were treated,3 times a week for 4 weeks.The visual analogue scale(VAS),rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire(RQLQ),Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)scores,and the histamine(HIS),leukotriene D4(LTD4),immunoglobulin E(IgE)levels were compared between two groups before and after treatment.Results At each time point after treatment,the VAS,RQLQ,PSQI scores and HIS,LTD4,IgE levels of patients in treatment group were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in VAS,RQLQ,and PSQI scores,the HIS,LTD4,and IgE levels after 2-week treatment in both groups(P>0.05).After 4-week treatment and follow-up 4-week,the VAS,RQLQ,and PSQI scores,the HIS,and LTD4 levels in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture has good therapeutic effect on AR and significantly improves life quality of the patients,which can reduce the levels of HIS,LTD4 and IgE.The therapy is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the effects of emodin on proliferation, adhesion, migration, c-kit mRNA and protein expression of human epidermal melanocytes.Methods:Human epidermal melanocytes cultured in vitro were treated with different concentrations of emodin, a blank control group (containing medium + human epidermal melanocytes) and an experimental group (containing medium + human epidermal melanocytes + different concentrations of emodin) were set up. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 method, cell adhesion was measured by microplate assay, cell migration was measured by Transwell membrane assay, and c-kit mRNA expression was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase polymerase chain reaction; Western blot was used to detect the expression of c-kit protein.Results:Compared with the blank control group, emodin decreased the proliferation, adhesion and migration of human epidermal melanocytes, the difference was statistically significant ( F=391.48, P<0.0001; F=10.93, P=0.003; F=7.75, P=0.009). Compared with the blank control group, emodin in the experimental group had a bidirectional effect on the expression of c-kit mRNA and protein. High concentration of emodin inhibited the expression of c-kit mRNA and protein, and the expression of c-kit mRNA and protein was significantly increased by Emodin ( F=11.491, P=0.003; F=2155.11, P<0.001). Conclusions:Emodin inhibits the proliferation, adhesion and migration of human epidermal melanocytes, high concentration of emodin inhibits the expression of c-kit mRNA and protein, and low concentration of emodin promotes the expression of c-kit mRNA and protein, and the results provide a basis for the clinical application of emodin in pigmented dermatosis.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a cytosolic DNA sensor which is regarded as a potential target for antitumor immunotherapy. However, clinical trials of STING agonists display limited anti-tumor effects and dose-dependent side-effects like inflammatory damage and cell toxicity. Here, we showed that tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) actively enter macrophages to promote STING activation and M1 polarization in a size-dependent manner, and synergized with Mn²⁺ to enhance the expressions of IFN-β and iNOS, as well as the co-stimulatory molecules for antigen presentation. Moreover, to reduce the cytotoxicity of Mn²⁺, we constructed a TDN-MnO₂ complex and found that it displayed a much higher efficacy than TDN plus Mn²⁺ to initiate macrophage activation and anti-tumor response both in vitro and in vivo. Together, our studies explored a novel immune activation effect of TDN in cancer therapy and its synergistic therapeutic outcomes with MnO₂. These findings provide new therapeutic opportunities for cancer therapy.

Objective To compare the detection results of three kinds of automated nucleic acid purifiers, and to evaluate the detection performance of the domestic 2019-nCoV RNA purifier. Methods Three automated nucleic acid purifiers, namely A (imported), B (domestic), and C (domestic) automated nucleic acid extraction instruments, were used to purify nucleic acid. The Conchestan 2019-nCoV RNA (Liquid) quality control product S5 (batch number 202007002, reference level 1000cp/ml) was chosen as the experimental object. The quality control product was diluted in a series of 10 to 1000 times to prepare experimental samples of different concentrations. Among them, the A nucleic acid purifier used its own matching reagents, and the B and C purifiers belonged to a same manufacturer with different models and used their own supporting reagents as well as third-party reagents, to evaluate the anti-pollution ability, precision, accuracy, repeatability, detection limit and linear correlation. Results Using the imported brand A as a reference standard for comparison, when using reagents from B, the linear correlation between the two domestic nucleic acid purifiers and the imported equipment were 0.999, 0.915 (N-terminal), and 0.997, 0.825 (ORF1ab-terminal), respectively; when using the third-patty reagents, the linear correlation between the two domestic nucleic acid purifiers and the imported equipment were 0.999, 0.915 (N-terminal) and 0.997, 0.825 (ORF1ab-terminal), respectively. Conclusion The extraction of 2019-NCOV RNA by domestic nucleic acid purifiers can be fully automated with good correlation. The system performance is comparable to international standards. Moreover, the extraction time of the domestic nucleic acid purifiers is shorter than the imported one, which offers obvious advantages when the number of samples is large.

Research have indicated that inadequate keratinized tissue has a negative effect on patient oral hygiene, resulting in peri-implant inflammation. It has been recommended that an apically repositioned flap alone or in combination with autogenous soft tissue grafts can increase the width of keratinized mucosa around dental implants, which promotes long term peri-implant health. This review summarized research progress on augmentation techniques of keratinized tissue arround implants in recent years, so as to provide reference for clinical practice and research design in the future.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic features and mutational landscape of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related advanced hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to December 2018, 38 patients newly diagnosed with HBV-related advanced HCC were enrolled in the final analysis. Their pathological tissues and corresponding blood samples before TACE treatment were collected for whole-exome sequencing. Response to TACE was evaluated at 1-3 months after two consecutive use of TACE. Predictive factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses in a bivariate Logistic regression model. Enrichment of related pathways of all driver genes were acquired using the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: Among 38 patients, 23 (60.5%) exhibited TACE failure/refractoriness. Patients with TACE failure/refractoriness showed higher frequency of TP53 mutation than their counterparts (p=0.020). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that only vascular invasion and TP53 mutation were significantly correlated with TACE failure/refractoriness in HBV-related advanced HCC. Of the 16 patients without vascular invasion, eight (50.0%) had TP53 mutations, and TP53 mutation was associated with TACE failure/refractoriness (p=0.041). Moreover, GSEA showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways induced by TP53 mutation were possibly associated with TACE failure/refractoriness. Conclusion Our study suggested that TP53 mutation was independently related with TACE efficacy, which may work via mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways. These findings may provide evidence to help distinguish patients who will particularly benefit from TACE from those who require more personalized therapeutic regimens and rigorous surveillance in HBV-related advanced HCC.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of nebulized acetylcysteine inhalation combined with bronchoscopy in treating elderly patients with severe ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).Methods:From January 2016 to December 2017, 80 elderly patients with severe VAP who were hospitalized in Zhejiang Hospital were divided into acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group [24 males and 16 females, aged (78±7) years] and bronchoscopy group [26 males and 14 females, aged (80±7) years]using random number table for a prospective cohort study. Patients in bronchoscopy group were treated with bronchoscopy in addition to conventional supportive care of symptoms. Patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group received nebulized acetylcysteine inhalation therapy on the basis of the treatment given to patients in bronchoscopy group. Patients in both groups received treatment continuously for 7 days. The simplified clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) in both groups was assessed before and after treatment. Venous blood of 10 mL was collected before and after treatment to detect leukocyte count, serum C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin. Arterial blood of 1 mL was collected before and after treatment to detect partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO 2), partial arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO 2), oxygenation index. The inhalation platform pressure (Pplat), dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), airway resistance, work of breathing, time of antibiotic use, and time of mechanical ventilation of patients in two groups were recorded before and after treatment. Data were statistically analyzed with chi-square test and t test. Results:(1) The simplified CPIS, leukocyte count, serum C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group were significantly lower than those in bronchoscopy group after treatment ( t=2.32, 2.15, 6.08, 7.12, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The simplified CPIS, leukocyte count, serum C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group and bronchoscopy group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( t=13.76, 13.60, 12.70, 8.32, 11.44, 14.28, 9.48, 9.50, P<0.01). (2) Compared with bronchoscopy group, patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group had significantly higher PaO 2 and oxygenation index ( t=4.14, 2.55, P<0.05 or P<0.01) but significantly lower PaCO 2 ( t=4.36, P<0.01) after treatment. The PaO 2 and oxygenation index of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment ( t=10.90, 43.72, P<0.01). The PaO 2 and oxygenation index of patients in bronchoscopy group after treatment were also significantly higher than those before treatment ( t=6.55, 43.03, P<0.01). The PaCO 2 of patients in both groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( t=21.54, 21.92, P<0.01). (3) The Cdyn of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group after treatment was significantly higher than that in bronchoscopy group ( t=5.41, P<0.01), and Pplat, airway resistance, and work of breathing were significantly lower than those in bronchoscopy group ( t=2.18, 5.46, 2.49, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The Cdyn of patients in both groups after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment ( t=16.10, 10.90, P<0.01), and Pplat, airway resistance, and work of breathing were significantly lower than those before treatment ( t=21.18, 11.13, 9.32, 15.50, 5.17, 5.97, P<0.01). (4)The time of mechanical ventilation and antibiotic usage of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group were (6.9±1.9)and (8.7±2.8) d, respectively, which were significantly shorter than (10.1±2.2) and (11.6±3.5) d in bronchoscopy group ( t=6.85, 4.09, P<0.01). Conclusions:Nebulized acetylcysteine inhalation combined with bronchoscopy can significantly control the degree of lung infection in elderly patients with severe VAP, improve patients′ respiratory mechanics parameter and blood gas analysis indicator, and shorten the time for mechanical ventilation and antibiotic usage.