Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single dose of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing craniomaxillofacial plastic and cosmetic surgery through meta-regression analysis. Methods: Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Data, VIP database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were electronically retrieved to collect clinical studies evaluating efficacy of perioperative TXA administration in patients undergoing craniomaxillofacial plastic and cosmetic surgery, from inception to August 2024. Quality assessment of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed using Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool. Based on the results of methodological heterogeneity, corresponding meta-analyses were conducted using either random-effects or fixed-effects models in R programming software. Results: Thirty-one articles were included, involving 2 072 patients who underwent craniomaxillofacial plastic and cosmetic surgeries. Among these patients, 1 051 were in the TXA treatment group, and 1 021 were in the control group. The paired meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, the use of TXA significantly reduced bleeding volume in perioperative patients [standardized mean difference (SMD)=-1.13; 95%CI (-1.47, -0.80), P<0.001]. Subgroup analysis revealed that TXA significantly reduced intraoperative bleeding volume in patients across different surgeries, with the order of efficacy as follows: orthognathic surgery [SMD=-1.44; 95%CI (-2.07, -0.80), P<0.001], cleft palate repair [SMD=-1.32; 95%CI (-2.14, -0.50), P<0.001], rhinoplasty [SMD=-0.97; 95%CI (-1.63, -0.30), P<0.001], and craniosynostosis [SMD=-0.96; 95%CI (-1.40, -0.53), P=0.040]. The result of the meta regression showed there was no significant difference in the hemostatic effect of TXA on patients with increasing doses (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mg/kg) (P=0.650). Sensitivity analysis verified that the pooled values were stable and reliable. The Egger's test indicated a certain degree of publication bias (Z=-3.40, P<0.001). Conclusion: Existing evidence suggests that TXA effectively reduces perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing craniofacial plastic surgery, regardless of its dosage administered.

Objective To compare the efficacy of 2 L and 3 L polyethylene glycol(PEG)electrolyte solution for bowel preparation in a real-world setting.Methods A real-world,single-center cohort study was conducted on the individuals undergoing colonoscopy in Department of Gastroenterology of Chengdu Third People's Hospital between May and October 2023.Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria,they were given 2 L(n=4 684)and 3 L(n=3 700)PEG electrolyte solution for bowel preparation.The primary outcome indicator was the adequacy of bowel preparation by Boston bowel preparation score(BBPS).Secondary outcome indicators included the BBPS score,polyp detection rate(PDR),tolerability,compliance,and incidence of adverse events.Results The adequacy rate of bowel preparation was 94.35％in the 3 L group,significantly higher than that of the 2 L group(91.29％,P＜0.001).The 3 L group obtained a higher BBPS score then the 2 L group(6.92±1.06 vs 6.81±1.14,P＜0.001).But there was no statistical difference in the PDR between the 2 groups(P=0.073).And the rate of PEG completion(P=0.810),administration of low residue diet as required(P=0.094)or use of dimethicone(P=0.072)were comparable between the 2 groups.However,the incidences of vomiting(4.5％vs 3.2％,P=0.002),abdominal discomfort(5.0％vs 3.9％,P=0.011)and sleep disturbance(18.0％vs 14.6％,P＜0.001)were obviously higher in the 3 L group than the 2 L group.Conclusion In a real-world setting,2 L PEG is a considerably safe and effective regimen for bowel preparation.

BACKGROUND:miRNAs expression has been reported to be associated with hepatic and renal fibrosis,and dermal fibrogenesis. Moreover,a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-192-5p and epidermal regulators has been demonstrated in gouty arthritis.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression and regulatory role of miR-192-5p in hypertrophic scar and to verify whether there is a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-192-5p and epidermal regulators. METHODS:(1) Six cases of hypertrophic scar tissue and six cases of normal skin tissue were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. And miR-192-5p and epidermal regulator mRNA expression were detected by qRT-PCR. (2) The primary hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were obtained using tissue explant method and cultured to 3-6 generations for subsequent experiments. There were three groups in the experiment:negative control group,miR-192-5p mimic group and miR-192-5p inhibitor group. The latter two groups were transfected with the corresponding sequences. Cell proliferation viability was detected by the cell counting kit-8 assay and EdU kit;and the migration ability was detected by the cell scratch test. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The gene and protein expressions of epidermal regulator,type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅲ collagen and α-smooth muscle actin were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot,respectively. miR-192-5p targets were predicted by a bioinformatics website,and target binding was validated by dual luciferase assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with normal skin tissues and their fibroblasts,miR-192-5p and epidermal regulator were highly expressed in hypertrophic scar and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) After overexpression of miR-192-5p,cell proliferation was enhanced (P<0.05) and EdU positive cell rate increased (P<0.01) when compared with the negative control group;after inhibition of miR-192-5p,cell viability (P<0.05) and EdU positive rate decreased (P<0.05). (3) At 24 hours after overexpression of miR-192-5p,compared with the negative control group,the area between cell scratches and apoptosis rate decreased in the miR-192-5p mimic group (P<0.05) but increased in the miR-192-5p inhibitor group (P<0.01). (4) At 48 hours after transfection,the mRNA and protein levels of epidermal regulator were significantly decreased in the miR-192-5p mimic group,while the mRNA and protein levels of type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅲ collagen and α-smooth muscle actin were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The miR-192-5p inhibitor group showed opposite changes in the above four indicators (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (5) The Targetscan website predicted that epidermal regulator had a potential binding site for miR-192-5p. (6) Dual luciferase assays showed that miR-192-5p could bind to epidermal regulator in a targeted manner. To conclude,overexpression of miR-192-5p can decrease the expression of epidermal regulator,and the two may be negatively regulated,suggesting that regulation of epidermal regulator may play a role in inhibiting the proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND:miRNAs expression has been reported to be associated with hepatic and renal fibrosis,and dermal fibrogenesis. Moreover,a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-192-5p and epidermal regulators has been demonstrated in gouty arthritis.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression and regulatory role of miR-192-5p in hypertrophic scar and to verify whether there is a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-192-5p and epidermal regulators. METHODS:(1) Six cases of hypertrophic scar tissue and six cases of normal skin tissue were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. And miR-192-5p and epidermal regulator mRNA expression were detected by qRT-PCR. (2) The primary hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were obtained using tissue explant method and cultured to 3-6 generations for subsequent experiments. There were three groups in the experiment:negative control group,miR-192-5p mimic group and miR-192-5p inhibitor group. The latter two groups were transfected with the corresponding sequences. Cell proliferation viability was detected by the cell counting kit-8 assay and EdU kit;and the migration ability was detected by the cell scratch test. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The gene and protein expressions of epidermal regulator,type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅲ collagen and α-smooth muscle actin were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot,respectively. miR-192-5p targets were predicted by a bioinformatics website,and target binding was validated by dual luciferase assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with normal skin tissues and their fibroblasts,miR-192-5p and epidermal regulator were highly expressed in hypertrophic scar and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) After overexpression of miR-192-5p,cell proliferation was enhanced (P<0.05) and EdU positive cell rate increased (P<0.01) when compared with the negative control group;after inhibition of miR-192-5p,cell viability (P<0.05) and EdU positive rate decreased (P<0.05). (3) At 24 hours after overexpression of miR-192-5p,compared with the negative control group,the area between cell scratches and apoptosis rate decreased in the miR-192-5p mimic group (P<0.05) but increased in the miR-192-5p inhibitor group (P<0.01). (4) At 48 hours after transfection,the mRNA and protein levels of epidermal regulator were significantly decreased in the miR-192-5p mimic group,while the mRNA and protein levels of type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅲ collagen and α-smooth muscle actin were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The miR-192-5p inhibitor group showed opposite changes in the above four indicators (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (5) The Targetscan website predicted that epidermal regulator had a potential binding site for miR-192-5p. (6) Dual luciferase assays showed that miR-192-5p could bind to epidermal regulator in a targeted manner. To conclude,overexpression of miR-192-5p can decrease the expression of epidermal regulator,and the two may be negatively regulated,suggesting that regulation of epidermal regulator may play a role in inhibiting the proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.

Xanthoria elegans is a lichen symbiosis, that inhabits extreme environments and can absorb UV-B. We reported the de novo sequencing and assembly of X. elegans genome. The whole genome was approximately 44.63 Mb, with a GC content of 40.69%. Genome assembly generated 207 scaffolds with an N50 length of 563,100 bp, N90 length of 122,672 bp. The genome comprised 9,581 genes, some encoded enzymes involved in the secondary metabolism such as terpene, polyketides. To further understand the UV-B absorbing and adaptability to extreme environments mechanisms of X. elegans, we searched the secondary metabolites genes and gene-cluster from the genome using genome-mining and bioinformatics analysis.The results revealed that 7 NR-PKSs, 12 HR-PKSs and 2 hybrid PKS-PKSs from X. elegans were isolated, they belong to Type I PKS (T1PKS) according to the domain architecture; phylogenetic analysis and BGCs comparison linked the putative products to two NR-PKSs and three HR-PKSs, the putative products of two NR-PKSs were emodin xanthrone (most likely parietin) and mycophelonic acid, the putative products of three HR-PKSs were soppilines, (þ)-asperlin and macrolactone brefeldin A, respectively. 5 PKSs from X. elegans build a correlation between the SMs carbon skeleton and PKS genes based on the domain architecture, phylogenetic and BGC comparison. Although the function of 16 PKSs remains unclear, the findings emphasize that the genes from X. elegans represent an unexploited source of novel polyketide and utilization of lichen gene resources.

OBJECTIVEDust sample mass gain is too smaller to satisfy the limit of detection (LOD) even in most cases during dust sampling at workplaces nowdays, especially for respirable fraction. Therefore, it is aimed to solve the problem by increasing sample load with high flow rate samplers.

METHODSIn A and B two shipyards respirable welding fume was sampled by high flow rate cyclone samplers of FSP-10 (10 L/min) for 2-2.5 hours and normal flow rate FSP-2 (2 L/min) for 3-4 hours with a stratigy of parallele sampling at the same workpalce, in order to compare their mass gain, coincidence rate with LOD, and airborn dust concentration.

RESULTSSample mass gain of 0.97±0.40 mg and 1.61±0.86 mg respectively in the two factories by FSP-10 was significantly higher than that of 0.29±0.12 mg and 0.51±0.27 mg by FSP-2 (t-test, P<0.05 in both cases) , increasing herewith the coincidence rate with LOD from 26.8% (when sampling with FSP-2, calculated together with samples of the two factories) to 89.7%. However there was no significant difference in dust concentrations by the two different samplers, 0.53±1.88 vs 0.73±1.61 mg/m(3) by FSP-2 and FSP-10 in the shipyard A and 1.14±1.78 vs 1.01±1.63 mg/m(3) in the factory B (t-test, P>0.05 in every case) . In addtion, sample loading by FSP-2 was found to be correlated to sampling time (R(2)=0.7906, y=0.002 6x) , therefore, it has to sample for ≥192.3 min to meet the LOD (0.5 mg) in case of normal flow rate.

CONCLUSIONBy using of high flow rate cyclone FSP-10 the problem of LOD could be solved, along with increased sample mass and similar respirable dust concentration by the two samplers. Some techincal improvements of FSP-10 and increasing of LOD coincidence rate by other methods was also disscussed.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Construction Industry ; Dust ; analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; instrumentation ; Occupational Exposure ; Ships ; Workplace