Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） has become one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide， posing a serious challenge to public health. In this context， the integration of artificial intelligence （AI）， especially intelligent diagnosis and treatment and digital health interventions based on machine learning， can break through the limitations of traditional methods， realize efficient screening of multi-dimensional data such as key genes， biomarkers， and biochemical metabolites， and achieve revolutionary breakthroughs in risk prediction， subtype identification， and therapeutic effect assessment for MAFLD. This article systematically reviews the ground-breaking application of machine learning models in driving the innovation of clinical diagnosis and precise risk prediction of MAFLD， conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of digital health practice cases of MAFLD in China and globally， and deeply analyzes their advantages and limitations in terms of research subjects， interventions， and management team. Studies have shown that the deep integration of digital health and long-term management of MAFLD is becoming the key engine driving the transformation of disease management modes towards an intelligent， individualized， and precise era， but there are various ethical and technical issues that need to be addressed urgently.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between macrophage activation related factors and clini-cal symptoms of schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods:Outpatient or inpatient SCZ patients(n=166)and normal con-trols(n=71)meeting the diagnostic criteria of DSM 4th edition were selected as subjects.The psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),and the concentrations of α-Na-Galases,MAF and IL-18 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation be-tween biological indicators and clinical symptoms was analyzed and the mediation effect was tested.Results:The concentrations of α-NaGalases(P＜0.001)and MAF(P＜0.01)in SCZ group were lower than those in normal control group.In SCZ group,IL-18 was negatively correlated with α-NaGalases concentration(r=-0.24,P＜0.01).α-NaGalases was positively correlated with MAF concentration(r=0.67,P＜0.001),and the total score of PANSS positive symptom scale was positively correlated with IL-18(r=0.21,P＜0.05)and MAF concentration(r=0.22,P＜0.01).The mediating effect of α-NaGalases and MAF was statistically significant,and the relative mediating effect accounted for 25.47％.Conclusion:The increase of IL-18 level may indicate the occurrence of positive symptoms of schizophrenia,and α-NaGalases and MAF may negatively regulate the inflammatory damage effect of IL-18 on SCZ,thereby reducing the positive symptoms.

Objective:To evaluate the risk of endometrial cancer in patients treated with endocrine therapy after breast cancer surgery.Methods:Medical records of 117 patients with breast cancer treated in Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2012 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with endocrine therapy drugs after radical surgery for breast cancer. They were divided into cancer group and non-cancer group according to whether endometrial cancer occurred. The differences in age, menopause years, duration of endocrine therapy, uterine cavity occupation, and endometrial thickness between the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the risk of endometrial cancer in breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative endocrine therapy.Results:There were no significant differences in age, menopause years, endocrine treatment time, uterine cavity occupation ratio between cancer and non-cancer groups (all P>0.05). Endometrial thickness in the cancer group was significantly higher than that in the non-cancer group ( P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis model showed that endometrial thickness was a risk factor for endometrial cancer ( P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (71.4%) and negative predictive value (99.1%) were 83.3%, 98.2%, 71.4%, and 99.1% respectively, for predicting the risk of endometrial cancer in patients with postoperative endocrine therapy. Conclusions:The endometrial thickness of patients with endometrial cancer after breast cancer surgery using endocrine therapy is significantly increased, and the risk fraction of endometrial cancer in patients with endocrine therapy after breast cancer surgery can be used to predict the likelihood of endometrial cancer.

Aim To investigate the effect of angioten-sin Ⅱ type 1a receptor(AT1aR)knockout on cardiac dysfunction in rats with obesity and its possible molecu-lar mechanism.Methods SD rats(n=24)were used to generated the whole-body AT1 aR-deficiency rats by sgRNA and the CRISPR/Cas9 system,and the obesity model was constructed by feeding with high-fat diet(HFD).They were divided into four groups:wildtype(WT)and knockout(KO)groups with nor-mal feeding and their respective high-fat diets groups.Color ultrasound diagnostic instrument was uses to e-valuate the cardiac function;oil red O staining was a-dopted to stain the myocardial lipids;RT-PCR was used to detect the levels of GPX4 and Ptgs2 genes in myocardial tissue.Western blot was employed to detect the expression of GPX4,ferritin,Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 in rat myocardial tissue.ELISA and other kits were used to determine the lipid contents in serum and myocardium.Results It was found that high-fat feed-ing caused cardiac dysfunction,serum lipid disorders,oxidative stress and ferroptosis in SD rats.However,these changes were attenuated in AT1aR knockout rats fed with high-fat diet.Furthermore,compared with WT-HFD group,KO-HFD rats showed enhanced acti-vation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the myocardium,reduced ferroptosis,decreased lipid accumulation,and reduced cardiac dysfunction.Conclusion AT1aR knockout can improve HFD-induced cardiac dysfunc-tion by enhancing antioxidant capacity and reducing the degree of ferroptosis.

Aim To investigate the effect of angioten-sin Ⅱ type 1a receptor(AT1aR)knockout on cardiac dysfunction in rats with obesity and its possible molecu-lar mechanism.Methods SD rats(n=24)were used to generated the whole-body AT1 aR-deficiency rats by sgRNA and the CRISPR/Cas9 system,and the obesity model was constructed by feeding with high-fat diet(HFD).They were divided into four groups:wildtype(WT)and knockout(KO)groups with nor-mal feeding and their respective high-fat diets groups.Color ultrasound diagnostic instrument was uses to e-valuate the cardiac function;oil red O staining was a-dopted to stain the myocardial lipids;RT-PCR was used to detect the levels of GPX4 and Ptgs2 genes in myocardial tissue.Western blot was employed to detect the expression of GPX4,ferritin,Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 in rat myocardial tissue.ELISA and other kits were used to determine the lipid contents in serum and myocardium.Results It was found that high-fat feed-ing caused cardiac dysfunction,serum lipid disorders,oxidative stress and ferroptosis in SD rats.However,these changes were attenuated in AT1aR knockout rats fed with high-fat diet.Furthermore,compared with WT-HFD group,KO-HFD rats showed enhanced acti-vation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the myocardium,reduced ferroptosis,decreased lipid accumulation,and reduced cardiac dysfunction.Conclusion AT1aR knockout can improve HFD-induced cardiac dysfunc-tion by enhancing antioxidant capacity and reducing the degree of ferroptosis.

Objective:To evaluate the risk of endometrial cancer in patients treated with endocrine therapy after breast cancer surgery.Methods:Medical records of 117 patients with breast cancer treated in Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2012 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with endocrine therapy drugs after radical surgery for breast cancer. They were divided into cancer group and non-cancer group according to whether endometrial cancer occurred. The differences in age, menopause years, duration of endocrine therapy, uterine cavity occupation, and endometrial thickness between the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the risk of endometrial cancer in breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative endocrine therapy.Results:There were no significant differences in age, menopause years, endocrine treatment time, uterine cavity occupation ratio between cancer and non-cancer groups (all P>0.05). Endometrial thickness in the cancer group was significantly higher than that in the non-cancer group ( P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis model showed that endometrial thickness was a risk factor for endometrial cancer ( P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (71.4%) and negative predictive value (99.1%) were 83.3%, 98.2%, 71.4%, and 99.1% respectively, for predicting the risk of endometrial cancer in patients with postoperative endocrine therapy. Conclusions:The endometrial thickness of patients with endometrial cancer after breast cancer surgery using endocrine therapy is significantly increased, and the risk fraction of endometrial cancer in patients with endocrine therapy after breast cancer surgery can be used to predict the likelihood of endometrial cancer.

Meditation aims to guide individuals into a state of deep calm and focused attention, and in recent years, it has shown promising potential in the field of medical treatment. Numerous studies have demonstrated that electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns change during meditation, suggesting the feasibility of using deep learning techniques to monitor meditation states. However, significant inter-subject differences in EEG signals poses challenges to the performance of such monitoring systems. To address this issue, this study proposed a novel model-calibrated multi-source adversarial adaptation network (CMAAN). The model first trained multiple domain-adversarial neural networks in a pairwise manner between various source-domain individuals and the target-domain individual. These networks were then integrated through a calibration process using a small amount of labeled data from the target domain to enhance performance. We evaluated the proposed model on an EEG dataset collected from 18 subjects undergoing methamphetamine rehabilitation. The model achieved a classification accuracy of 73.09%. Additionally, based on the learned model, we analyzed the key EEG frequency bands and brain regions involved in the meditation process. The proposed multi-source domain adaptation framework improves both the performance and robustness of EEG-based meditation monitoring and holds great promise for applications in biomedical informatics and clinical practice.
Humans ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Meditation ; Calibration ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Brain/physiology* ; Rest/physiology* ; Deep Learning ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between macrophage activation related factors and clini-cal symptoms of schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods:Outpatient or inpatient SCZ patients(n=166)and normal con-trols(n=71)meeting the diagnostic criteria of DSM 4th edition were selected as subjects.The psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),and the concentrations of α-Na-Galases,MAF and IL-18 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation be-tween biological indicators and clinical symptoms was analyzed and the mediation effect was tested.Results:The concentrations of α-NaGalases(P＜0.001)and MAF(P＜0.01)in SCZ group were lower than those in normal control group.In SCZ group,IL-18 was negatively correlated with α-NaGalases concentration(r=-0.24,P＜0.01).α-NaGalases was positively correlated with MAF concentration(r=0.67,P＜0.001),and the total score of PANSS positive symptom scale was positively correlated with IL-18(r=0.21,P＜0.05)and MAF concentration(r=0.22,P＜0.01).The mediating effect of α-NaGalases and MAF was statistically significant,and the relative mediating effect accounted for 25.47％.Conclusion:The increase of IL-18 level may indicate the occurrence of positive symptoms of schizophrenia,and α-NaGalases and MAF may negatively regulate the inflammatory damage effect of IL-18 on SCZ,thereby reducing the positive symptoms.