Pigeon circovirus(PiCV)is globally widespread and is considered a potential cause of young pigeon sickness syndrome(YPDS),which leads to severe immunosuppression and high mortality.Due to the inability of PiCV to be cultured in cells,the development of traditional vac-cines is severely limited,and no effective vaccines is currently available.To develop a novel PiCV DNA candidate vaccine,we cloned the △Cap gene lacking a nuclear localization signal(NLS),and fused it at its C-terminus with the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions of the Newcastle dis-ease virus(NDV)F protein(△Cap-TMCT).Two DNA vaccine candidates were constructed:pCAGG-△Cap,targeting intracellular expression,and pCAGG-△Capt,for cell surface expression,respectively.The results of indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses confirmed suc-cessful expression of both recombinant plasmids in DF1 cells.Immunization studies in mice re-vealed that pCAGG-△Capt induced significantly higher levels of specific IgG antibodies,T-cell re-sponses,and cytokine secretion compared to pCAGG-△Cap,as assessed by ELISA,flow cytome-try,and ELISpot assays.These findings suggest that targeting △Cap-TMCT fusion protein to the cell surface can effectively enhance its immunogenicity,highlighting its potential as a PiCV DNA vaccine candidate.This study provides new strategies and theoretical foundations for the design and development of PiCV DNA vaccines.

Nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), predominantly affecting the elderly, can lead to intractable pain, vertebral collapse, progressive kyphotic deformity, and neurological impairment, significantly compromising patients′ quality of life. There exists considerable debate on diagnosis and management of OVF, encompassing key issues such as clinical diagnosis and staging criteria for nonunion, surgical indications and procedure selection, and postoperative rehabilitation planning. Currently, there lacks standardized clinical guideline and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of OVF nonunion in China. To address this gap, Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Osteoporosis Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee for Osteoporosis of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine and Minimally Invasive Orthopedic Surgery Branch of China Association for Geriatric Care jointly organized domestic experts in spinal surgery, endocrinology, and rehabilitation to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures ( version 2025), based on existing literature and clinical experience and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and practicality. The guideline provided 13 evidence-based recommendations encompassing diagnosis and treatment of OVF nonunion, aiming to standardize its clinical management.

Sacroiliac complex injuries are commonly seen in high-energy pelvic fractures. The injuries make a big difference in treatment patterns due to the diverse injury types, posing considerable challenges in formulating optimal treatment strategies, and hence are persistent clinical difficulties in orthopedic trauma. The clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries presents several key challenges such as a non-negligible rate of missed diagnoses in associated vascular and visceral injuries, absence of standardized protocols for surgical approaches and reduction-fixation strategies across different injury patterns, and ongoing controversies regarding surgical indications and optimal timing for patients combined with concomitant lumbosacral plexus injuries. Currently, no systematic clinical guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries both domestically and internationally. To this end, the Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery Group, Orthopedic Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care and Orthopedic Physician Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized a panel of domestic experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medicine and adhering to the principles of scientific rigor, clinical applicability, and innovation. These guidelines provided 11 recommendations covering diagnosis, therapeutic principles and techniques, management protocols for lumbosacral plexus injuries, outcome evaluation, and postoperative rehabilitation pathways, etc., aiming to standardize the clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries.

AIM: To identify the primary active components and underlying mechanisms of Yijing Decoction(YJD)in treating early diabetic retinopathy(DR)based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and network pharmacology.METHODS: Active components of YJD were characterized through LC-MS. Components with optimal ADME(absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)properties were selected as key bioactive candidates. Network pharmacology approaches were employed to predict YJD-DR therapeutic targets. Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks, gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis were subsequently conducted to predict core targets and networks. Critical targets and pathways were experimentally validated through Western blot.RESULTS: Ten core therapeutic targets were identified, including TNF, Alb, EGFR, STAT3, PTGS2, ESR1, PPAR, MMP9, TLR4, and MAPK. YJD was related to cancer-related signaling, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases, encompassing key biological processes such as inflammatory response regulation, programmed cell death activation, and enhanced cell migration. Furthermore, Western blot analysis confirmed that YJD significantly inhibited high glucose-induced phosphorylation of STAT3(P-STAT3/STAT3)and ERK(P-ERK/ERK)in rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells.CONCLUSION: This study revealed YJD's pharmacodynamical basis and its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-paths pharmacology. YJD exerts therapeutic effects on DR by coordinately regulating critical signaling pathways and alleviating intraocular inflammation, thus preserving retinal vascular endothelial cells, maintaining blood-retinal barrier integrity, and facilitating retinal neurovascular repair.

Objective To analyze the temporal changing trend of postoperative pneumonia(POP)monitoring data in a tertiary first-class cancer hospital in Fujian Province from 2018 to 2023,and provide reference for the effective-ness of implementation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)prevention and control measures.Methods The temporal changing trend of POP monitoring data of cancer patients in this hospital from 2018 to 2023 was analyzed by Joinpoint regression model,and the average annual percentage change(AAPC)was calculated.Results From 2018 to 2023,the POP incidences of all cancer patients and patients with different tumors in this hospital were as follows:3.46％in all cancer patients,4.77％,18.16％,11.50％,4.66％,0.85％,3.74％,and 0.46％in pa-tients with lung cancer,esophageal cancer,gastric cancer,intestinal cancer,gynecological tumors,hepatobiliary-pancreatic tumor,as well as head and neck tumors,respectively.From 2018 to 2023,the POP incidence of all can-cer patients in the hospital decreased from 5.47％to 1.73％,and POP incidences of patients with lung cancer,gas-tric cancer,and intestinal cancer decreased from 12.23％,14.93％,and 4.40％to 2.60％,3.73％,and 2.09％,respectively.Joinpoint regression model analysis showed that from 2018 to 2023,the AAPC of POP incidence of all cancer patients in the hospital was-19.78％,and the AAPCs of patients with lung cancer,gastric cancer,and in-testinal cancer were-23.69％,-27.30％,and-19.40％,respectively.The incidences of POP in all cancer pa-tients,as well as patients with lung cancer,gastric cancer,and intestinal cancer all showed downward trends,and the differences were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).According to age,the AAPCs of the ≤60 and＞60 year old groups were-22.02％and-20.48％,respectively,both groups showed statistically significant difference in trends(both P＜0.05).In terms of gender,the AAPCs of the male and female groups were-16.56％and-28.35％,respectively,both groups showed statistically significant difference in trends(both P＜0.05).From 2018 to 2023,Klebsiella pneumoniae showed a significant upward trend in the constituent of POP pathogens in cancer patients,with an AAPC of 6.92％,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidences of POP in some cancer patients in the hospital present significant downward trends,indicating that HAI infection prevention and control measures are effective,but it is still necessary to strengthen the meticulous management of the whole perioperative process.

Pigeon circovirus(PiCV)is globally widespread and is considered a potential cause of young pigeon sickness syndrome(YPDS),which leads to severe immunosuppression and high mortality.Due to the inability of PiCV to be cultured in cells,the development of traditional vac-cines is severely limited,and no effective vaccines is currently available.To develop a novel PiCV DNA candidate vaccine,we cloned the △Cap gene lacking a nuclear localization signal(NLS),and fused it at its C-terminus with the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions of the Newcastle dis-ease virus(NDV)F protein(△Cap-TMCT).Two DNA vaccine candidates were constructed:pCAGG-△Cap,targeting intracellular expression,and pCAGG-△Capt,for cell surface expression,respectively.The results of indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses confirmed suc-cessful expression of both recombinant plasmids in DF1 cells.Immunization studies in mice re-vealed that pCAGG-△Capt induced significantly higher levels of specific IgG antibodies,T-cell re-sponses,and cytokine secretion compared to pCAGG-△Cap,as assessed by ELISA,flow cytome-try,and ELISpot assays.These findings suggest that targeting △Cap-TMCT fusion protein to the cell surface can effectively enhance its immunogenicity,highlighting its potential as a PiCV DNA vaccine candidate.This study provides new strategies and theoretical foundations for the design and development of PiCV DNA vaccines.

Objective To analyze the temporal changing trend of postoperative pneumonia(POP)monitoring data in a tertiary first-class cancer hospital in Fujian Province from 2018 to 2023,and provide reference for the effective-ness of implementation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)prevention and control measures.Methods The temporal changing trend of POP monitoring data of cancer patients in this hospital from 2018 to 2023 was analyzed by Joinpoint regression model,and the average annual percentage change(AAPC)was calculated.Results From 2018 to 2023,the POP incidences of all cancer patients and patients with different tumors in this hospital were as follows:3.46％in all cancer patients,4.77％,18.16％,11.50％,4.66％,0.85％,3.74％,and 0.46％in pa-tients with lung cancer,esophageal cancer,gastric cancer,intestinal cancer,gynecological tumors,hepatobiliary-pancreatic tumor,as well as head and neck tumors,respectively.From 2018 to 2023,the POP incidence of all can-cer patients in the hospital decreased from 5.47％to 1.73％,and POP incidences of patients with lung cancer,gas-tric cancer,and intestinal cancer decreased from 12.23％,14.93％,and 4.40％to 2.60％,3.73％,and 2.09％,respectively.Joinpoint regression model analysis showed that from 2018 to 2023,the AAPC of POP incidence of all cancer patients in the hospital was-19.78％,and the AAPCs of patients with lung cancer,gastric cancer,and in-testinal cancer were-23.69％,-27.30％,and-19.40％,respectively.The incidences of POP in all cancer pa-tients,as well as patients with lung cancer,gastric cancer,and intestinal cancer all showed downward trends,and the differences were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).According to age,the AAPCs of the ≤60 and＞60 year old groups were-22.02％and-20.48％,respectively,both groups showed statistically significant difference in trends(both P＜0.05).In terms of gender,the AAPCs of the male and female groups were-16.56％and-28.35％,respectively,both groups showed statistically significant difference in trends(both P＜0.05).From 2018 to 2023,Klebsiella pneumoniae showed a significant upward trend in the constituent of POP pathogens in cancer patients,with an AAPC of 6.92％,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidences of POP in some cancer patients in the hospital present significant downward trends,indicating that HAI infection prevention and control measures are effective,but it is still necessary to strengthen the meticulous management of the whole perioperative process.

Nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), predominantly affecting the elderly, can lead to intractable pain, vertebral collapse, progressive kyphotic deformity, and neurological impairment, significantly compromising patients′ quality of life. There exists considerable debate on diagnosis and management of OVF, encompassing key issues such as clinical diagnosis and staging criteria for nonunion, surgical indications and procedure selection, and postoperative rehabilitation planning. Currently, there lacks standardized clinical guideline and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of OVF nonunion in China. To address this gap, Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Osteoporosis Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee for Osteoporosis of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine and Minimally Invasive Orthopedic Surgery Branch of China Association for Geriatric Care jointly organized domestic experts in spinal surgery, endocrinology, and rehabilitation to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures ( version 2025), based on existing literature and clinical experience and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and practicality. The guideline provided 13 evidence-based recommendations encompassing diagnosis and treatment of OVF nonunion, aiming to standardize its clinical management.

Sacroiliac complex injuries are commonly seen in high-energy pelvic fractures. The injuries make a big difference in treatment patterns due to the diverse injury types, posing considerable challenges in formulating optimal treatment strategies, and hence are persistent clinical difficulties in orthopedic trauma. The clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries presents several key challenges such as a non-negligible rate of missed diagnoses in associated vascular and visceral injuries, absence of standardized protocols for surgical approaches and reduction-fixation strategies across different injury patterns, and ongoing controversies regarding surgical indications and optimal timing for patients combined with concomitant lumbosacral plexus injuries. Currently, no systematic clinical guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries both domestically and internationally. To this end, the Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery Group, Orthopedic Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care and Orthopedic Physician Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized a panel of domestic experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medicine and adhering to the principles of scientific rigor, clinical applicability, and innovation. These guidelines provided 11 recommendations covering diagnosis, therapeutic principles and techniques, management protocols for lumbosacral plexus injuries, outcome evaluation, and postoperative rehabilitation pathways, etc., aiming to standardize the clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries.