Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2023, so as to provide a reference for the improvement of influenza prevention and control measures. Methods: The data of influenza cases in Huzhou City from 2014 to 2023 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the population and regional distribution characteristics of influenza. Annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were used to analyze the trend of influenza incidence in Huzhou City from 2014 to 2023. Results: A total of 83 277 influenza cases were reported in Huzhou City from 2014 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence of 268.68/105. From 2014 to 2023, the reported incidence of influenza in Huzhou City showed an upward trend (AAPC=68.748%, P<0.05), with a slow upward trend from 2014 to 2021 (APC=31.055%, P<0.05) and a sharp upward trend from 2021 to 2023 (APC=308.782%, P<0.05). The average annual reported incidence of influenza was 270.72/105 in males and 266.54/105 in females, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average annual reported incidence of influenza in children aged 5-<15 years was 1 502.77/100 000. The reported incidences of influenza in Deqing county, Changxing county, and Anji county were 551.44/100 000, 370.47/100 000, and 175.31/100 000, respectively. From 2014 to 2023, the trends of reported influenza incidence in males, females, residents aged 5-<15 years, and 15-<25 years were consistent with the whole population. The reported influenza incidence in each district (county) from 2021 to 2023 was consistent with Huzhou City from 2021 to 2023. Conclusions The reported incidence of influenza in Huzhou City showed an overall upward trend from 2014 to 2023, especially from 2021 to 2023. There was no significant gender difference. The majority of the cases were aged 5-<15 years, and the high incidence areas were Deqing County.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture against non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods The effective components of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture were screened by TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM database and literature reviews. The targets of effective components were predicted. NSCLC related targets were collected by GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGKB, TTD and Drugbank, combined with the differential genes of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture against Lewis lung cancer mice. The intersection targets of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture against NSCLC were obtained. Cytoscape software was used to construct the network diagram of traditional Chinese medicine-active ingredients-core targets. STRING database was used to construct PPI network diagram. GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the intersection targets were performed by Metascape database to predict the key targets and active components of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture against NSCLC, and Schrodinger software was used to perform molecular docking verification. Results The 32 active components and 24 intersection targets of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture against NSCLC were obtained. 11 core targets such as ESR1, MAPK1 were found. The mechanism of action may be related to 30 signaling pathways such as cellular senescence, receptor activation, prolactin signaling pathway. Conclusion The active components of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture act on multiple targets and signaling pathways to regulate complex biological processes. By regulating ESR1 agsinst NSCLC, it may play an important role in improving the survival rate and prognosis of female patients.

Objective To evaluate the quality of Uncaria Hook(UH)in the market.Methods Twenty-nine batches of UH were tested by legal standards(character,identification,inspection,and extract detection).The TLC method was used to explore the identification of the control herbs,pilocarcinine,dehydropilocarcinine,pilocarcinine and isocarcinine.The HPLC method was used to establish the characteristic spectrum of UH.Then cluster analysis,PCA-X,and OPLS-DA analysis methods were used to perform statistical analysis on the common peak area of unguttine,and determine the contents of heicoside,iso-dehydrounguttine,iso-unguttine,iso-unguttine,and unguttine,to screen out the key quality control components of UH and evaluate their quality.Results Among the 29 batches of samples,23 batches were qualified,and the qualified rate was 79.31％.The results of the TLC analysis showed that the chemical constituents of different base sources were very different.No pilocarcinine was detected in Uncaria macrophylla no hydropilocarcinine was detected in Uncaria sinensis,and four components were not detected in Uncaria hirsuta.Only the samples with the base source of the plant showed corresponding spots in the chromatographic position with the control drug and the control substance.The results of HPLC showed that the chemical composition and content of different base sources of UH were very different.No hydrouncinine and pilocarcinine were detected in Uncaria macrophylla.No iso-dehydrouncinine,dehydrouncinine,and dehydropilocarcinine were detected in Uncaria sinensis.And only heicoside was detected in Uncaria sinensis,and the content of heicoside was low.Based on statistical analysis,there were differences among different batches of UH,and three key quality control ingredients,iso-dehydrounguocarcinoma,dehydrounguocarcinoma,and iso-unguocarcinoma that may lead to quality differences of unguocarcinoma were found.Conclusions Overall,the UH is of poor quality,the current processing standards and testing standards can not ensure the quality of the product,affecting the safety and effectiveness of clinic use.The chemical composition categories and contents of different base sources of UH are very different,which increases the difficulty of formulating a unified quality standard.

Objective To evaluate the quality of Uncaria Hook(UH)in the market.Methods Twenty-nine batches of UH were tested by legal standards(character,identification,inspection,and extract detection).The TLC method was used to explore the identification of the control herbs,pilocarcinine,dehydropilocarcinine,pilocarcinine and isocarcinine.The HPLC method was used to establish the characteristic spectrum of UH.Then cluster analysis,PCA-X,and OPLS-DA analysis methods were used to perform statistical analysis on the common peak area of unguttine,and determine the contents of heicoside,iso-dehydrounguttine,iso-unguttine,iso-unguttine,and unguttine,to screen out the key quality control components of UH and evaluate their quality.Results Among the 29 batches of samples,23 batches were qualified,and the qualified rate was 79.31％.The results of the TLC analysis showed that the chemical constituents of different base sources were very different.No pilocarcinine was detected in Uncaria macrophylla no hydropilocarcinine was detected in Uncaria sinensis,and four components were not detected in Uncaria hirsuta.Only the samples with the base source of the plant showed corresponding spots in the chromatographic position with the control drug and the control substance.The results of HPLC showed that the chemical composition and content of different base sources of UH were very different.No hydrouncinine and pilocarcinine were detected in Uncaria macrophylla.No iso-dehydrouncinine,dehydrouncinine,and dehydropilocarcinine were detected in Uncaria sinensis.And only heicoside was detected in Uncaria sinensis,and the content of heicoside was low.Based on statistical analysis,there were differences among different batches of UH,and three key quality control ingredients,iso-dehydrounguocarcinoma,dehydrounguocarcinoma,and iso-unguocarcinoma that may lead to quality differences of unguocarcinoma were found.Conclusions Overall,the UH is of poor quality,the current processing standards and testing standards can not ensure the quality of the product,affecting the safety and effectiveness of clinic use.The chemical composition categories and contents of different base sources of UH are very different,which increases the difficulty of formulating a unified quality standard.

Hepatolenticular degeneration is kind of an autosomal recessive genetic disease with diverse, complex and non-specific clinical manifestations, high misdiagnosis rate, rapid disease progression, poor drug treatment effect, and high mortality. It is one of the rare several genetic metabolic diseases in clinic that could be cured by liver transplantation method. Liver transplantation provides healthy P-type ATP enzyme through the donor liver, which can correct its genetic defects, improve copper metabolism disorders, relieve clinical symptoms, improve the quality of life, and improve the survival rate of patients. Liver transplantation is playing an increasingly important role as an important means to treat hepatolenticular degeneration. With the rapid development of partial living donor liver transplantation, auxiliary liver transplantation, domino-assisted liver transplantation and cross-assisted domino liver transplantation, a new way has been provided for patients with hepatolenticular degeneration, alleviating the problem of donor liver shortage and shortening the waiting time of recipients, which has certain clinical value and development prospects. In this paper, a review of the research progress in the treatment of hepatolenticular degeneration with liver transplantation was made with reference to the relevant literature at home and abroad.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), to improve the awareness of clinicians.Methods:A total of 120 PTB patients complicated with PTE (PTE group) and 120 PTB patients without PTB (control group) admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were included. Clinical data from both groups were collected and compared. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square tests and Mann-Whitney U test, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for PTE in PTB patients. Results:The age of the PTE group was 69.00(63.00, 76.75) years. The rates of comorbid chronic pulmonary diseases, respiratory failure, and diabetes in PTE group were 40.00%(48/120), 24.17%(29/120), and 12.50%(15/120), respectively.The incidence rates of dyspnea, chest distress, chest pain, and palpitations in PTE group were 80.83%(97/120), 21.67%(26/120), 23.33%(28/120), and 10.00%(12/120), respectively. The D-dimer level in PTE group was 3.34 (2.05, 6.60) mg/L. These results were all higher than those in the control group (10.00%(12/120), 7.50%(9/120), 3.33%(4/120), 36.67%(44/120), 6.67%(8/120), 13.33%(16/120), 3.33%(4/120), and 0.97(0.41, 2.11) mg/L, respectively). The differences were all statistically significant ( χ2=28.80, 12.51, 6.92, 48.30, 11.10, 4.01 and 4.29, respectively, Z=-8.76; all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that older age (odds ratio( OR)=1.057), comorbid chronic pulmonary diseases ( OR=2.998), diabetes ( OR=8.703), presence of dyspnea ( OR=5.132), and elevated D-dimer levels ( OR=1.672) were independent risk factors for PTE in PTB patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Older age, comorbid chronic pulmonary diseases, diabetes, dyspnea and elevated D-dimer levels are risk factors for PTE in PTB patients. Clinicians should remain vigilant to these factors to reduce the risk of missing PTE in this population.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), to improve the awareness of clinicians.Methods:A total of 120 PTB patients complicated with PTE (PTE group) and 120 PTB patients without PTB (control group) admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were included. Clinical data from both groups were collected and compared. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square tests and Mann-Whitney U test, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for PTE in PTB patients. Results:The age of the PTE group was 69.00(63.00, 76.75) years. The rates of comorbid chronic pulmonary diseases, respiratory failure, and diabetes in PTE group were 40.00%(48/120), 24.17%(29/120), and 12.50%(15/120), respectively.The incidence rates of dyspnea, chest distress, chest pain, and palpitations in PTE group were 80.83%(97/120), 21.67%(26/120), 23.33%(28/120), and 10.00%(12/120), respectively. The D-dimer level in PTE group was 3.34 (2.05, 6.60) mg/L. These results were all higher than those in the control group (10.00%(12/120), 7.50%(9/120), 3.33%(4/120), 36.67%(44/120), 6.67%(8/120), 13.33%(16/120), 3.33%(4/120), and 0.97(0.41, 2.11) mg/L, respectively). The differences were all statistically significant ( χ2=28.80, 12.51, 6.92, 48.30, 11.10, 4.01 and 4.29, respectively, Z=-8.76; all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that older age (odds ratio( OR)=1.057), comorbid chronic pulmonary diseases ( OR=2.998), diabetes ( OR=8.703), presence of dyspnea ( OR=5.132), and elevated D-dimer levels ( OR=1.672) were independent risk factors for PTE in PTB patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Older age, comorbid chronic pulmonary diseases, diabetes, dyspnea and elevated D-dimer levels are risk factors for PTE in PTB patients. Clinicians should remain vigilant to these factors to reduce the risk of missing PTE in this population.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different spray-coagulation time of argon plasma coagulation (APC) injury on the Glisson system primary branche(G1) in the hepatic portal of pigs.Methods:Fifty clean healthy domestic pigs (27 females and 23 males, aged 7 to 14 months) were selected, with the body weighted (100.0±9.5) kg. They were randomly divided into five groups (A, B, C, D, and E), with 10 pigs in each group. G1 models were made and sprayed by APC for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seconds. The damage, maximum damage area, maximum damage depth, and damage of the three branches of the Glisson system (the first branches of the portal vein, intrahepatic bile duct, and hepatic artery) were compared among the groups. The pigs were divided into two groups based on whether the three branches were damaged or not: the three-branch damage group ( n=23) and the control group ( n=27). The maximum damage area and maximum damage depth were compared between the two groups. Results:After the APC spraying, circular or elliptical damage appeared on the surface of the G1, with changes such as yellow-brown color, brown color, charred appearance, and defects. Under the microscope, G1 capsule was found to be deficient, the fibrous tissue beneath the capsule was ruptured, and the structures of small blood vessels and small bile ducts were incomplete. " Burn marks" and damage to the three branches of the Glisson system in G1 were also observed, and the damage was more severe at the center of the spray-coagulation. As the spray-coagulation time increased, the maximum damage area of the G1 model also increased, and the two were positively correlated ( r=0.90, P<0.001). The maximum damage depth was also positively correlated with spray-coagulation time ( r=0.97, P<0.001). The numbers of pigs with damage to the three branches of the Glisson system in Groups A-E were 0, 2, 5, 6, and 10, respectively, and the number of pigs with damage increased with the spray-coagulation time. In the three-branch damage group, the spray-coagulation time, maximum damage area, and maximum damage depth were all higher than those in the control group (without three-branch damage), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The degree of damage to G1 caused by APC is positively correlated with the spray-coagulation time, and damage to the three branches of the Glisson system in G1 is related to the maximum damage area, maximum damage depth, and APC spray-coagulation time.

Humans ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy* ; Aminopyridines/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols

Schizothorax argentatus that only distributes in the Ili River basin in Xinjiang is one of the rare and endangered species of schizothorax in China, thus has high scientific and economic values. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of S. argenteus with a length of 16 580 bp was obtained by high-throughput sequencing. The gene compositions and arrangement were similar to those of typical vertebrates. It contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a non-coding region (D-loop). The nucleotide compositions were A (30.25%), G (17.28%), C (27.20%), and T (25.27%), respectively, showing obvious AT bias and anti-G bias. Among the tRNA genes, only tRNA-Ser^(GCU) could not form a typical cloverleaf structure due to the lack of dihydrouracil arm. The AT-skew and GC-skew values of the ND6 gene were fluctuating the most, suggesting that the gene may experience different selection and mutation pressures from other genes. The mitochondrial control region of S. argenteus contained three different domains, i.e., termination sequence region (ETAS), central conserved region (CSB-F, CSB-E, CSB-D, and CSB-B), and conserved sequence region (CSB1, CSB2, and CSB3). The conserved sequence fragment TT (AT) nGTG, which was ubiquitous in Cypriniformes, was identified at about 50 bp downstream CSB3. Phylogenetic relationships based on the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of 28 Schizothorax species showed that S. argenteus had differentiated earlier and had a distant relationship with other species, which may be closely related to the geographical location and the hydrological environment where it lives.
Animals ; Genome, Mitochondrial/genetics* ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Cyprinidae/genetics* ; RNA, Transfer/genetics* ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics* ; Genes, Mitochondrial