Objective To study the distribution characteristics of TCM constitutions in the middle-aged and elderly Mongolian population undergoing physical examinations in Inner Mongolia;To analyze the correlation with related risk factors.Methods Health information and related risk factors(including BMI index,lifestyle habits,dietary habits and exercise status)of middle-aged and elderly Mongolian people who visited the physical examination departments of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and Tongliao City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2024 to April 2024 were collected.A total of 213 Mongolian people were surveyed,including 65 people who have lived in Hohhot for more than 2 years and 148 people who have lived in Tongliao for more than 2 years.Through investigation,research and analysis,the distribution characteristics of TCM constitutions in the population and its correlation with related risk factors were observed.Results Constitution distribution:101 people(47.41%)had a moderate constitution.Among the biased constitutions,the phlegm dampness constitution had the highest number of people(64 people,30.05%),with the blood deficiency constitution having the lowest number of people(2 people,0.94%).In the investigation of related risk factors,there was a significant correlation(P<0.01)between phlegm dampness and dietary habits and reduced exercise volume.Moreover,individuals with this constitution tend to have good sleep,reduced physical activity,faster eating and a diet primarily consisting of high-calorie foods(P<0.05).Conclusion The TCM constitution of the Mongolian population in Inner Mongolia is mostly composed of moderate constitution,while the biased constitution is mostly composed of phlegm dampness constitution,which is mainly related to dietary habits and reduced exercise volume.

Objective:To evaluate the association between heatwaves and fall-related mortality.Methods:A total of 61 421 fall-related mortality from 2013 to 2022 in 7 provinces of China were included in a time-stratified case-crossover design, with daily meteorological data derived from the fifth generation European Reanalysis dataset produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Conditional logistic regression chimeric distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze the association between heatwaves and fall-related mortality and stratified analysis was conducted according to gender and age.Results:Heatwaves were associated with an increased risk of fall-related morality. The risk of fall-related mortality during heatwaves was higher than during non-heatwave periods ( OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.18). The attributable fraction of fall-related motality due to heatwaves was 10.25% (95% CI: 4.49%-15.36%). For each 1 ℃ increase above the heatwave threshold, the risk of fall-related mortality increased by 34% ( OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.02-1.76). The effect of heatwave duration on fall-related mortality was not statistically significant. Stratified analyses indicated that women experienced a higher risk of fall-related mortality during heatwaves ( OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.04-1.22) compared to man ( OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.17). Conclusions:Heatwave increases the risk of fall-related mortality, and the intensity of heatwaves modify this risk. Women are vulnerable populations.

Objective:To analyze the effect of precipitation on road traffic injuries (RTI) in Zhejiang Province.Methods:The RTI surveillance and meteorological data from 2009 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province were collected. Based on the time-stratified case-crossover design, the precipitation of case day and control day was compared, and the distributed lag nonlinear model was applied to analyze the correlation of precipitation and RTI. Stratified analyses were conducted to analyze the effect modification of gender, age, injury location, and temperature. An attributable fraction was used to assess the burden of RTI caused by precipitation.Results:A total of 239 970 RTIs were monitored in Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2022, averaging 46 daily cases. The distributed lag nonlinear model showed that compared with no rain, the risk of RTI increased first and then decreased with the increase of precipitation. The risk of RTI was the highest when the precipitation was 30.99 mm ( OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.05-1.11). The adverse effects on RTI mainly occurred on the day of precipitation, and it showed insignificant or protective effects with the extension of lag days. 1.34%(95% CI: 1.31%-1.36%) of RTI could be attributed to precipitation. Stratified analysis showed that gender, age, injury location, and temperature may modify the effect of precipitation on RTI. Precipitation caused a heavier burden on RTI in subgroups aged 18-64, females, and occurring on roads and in low temperatures. Conclusions:Precipitation can increase the risk of RTI. People aged 18-64 or females are the key groups for RTI prevention, and prevention and control efforts of precipitation-related RTI should be increased in road and low-temperature environments.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin in green tea, possesses various biomedical activities and has garnered significant attention because of its notable anticancer properties. This article reviews the research progress on the antitumor mechanisms of EGCG, focusing on its roles in inducing tumor cell apoptosis; inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis; modulating the tumor microenvironment; and influencing epigenetic modifications. Given its natural origin, safety, and low cost, EGCG could be a preferred option for the development of new cancer therapeutic drugs or enhancing the efficacy of combination therapies. This work aims to provide a theoretical foundation for further research and development of EGCG and scientific evidence for its application in cancer prevention and treatment.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a complex three-dimensional deformity involving coronal,sagittal,and axial planes,with a prevalence that should not be overlooked.With advancements in technology and in-depth research,an increasing number of hospitals and physicians are exploring standardized diagnostic and treatment approaches for AIS.Comprehensive and in-depth understanding is required for AIS,including its etiology,screening and diagnosis,classification,assessment and examination,treatment options,exploration of current focus,and evaluation of quality of life.Such understanding ensures that the diagnostic and treatment are scientific,standardized,and timely.Based on the principles of evidence-based medicine,a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of AIS is reached after multiple discussions among spinal surgery experts,aiming to provide reference and guidance for clinical practice.

Objective To understand the surveillance situation of poliovirus in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2024, and to further strengthen polio surveillance and ensure the continued maintenance of a polio-free status. Methods An analysis was conducted on the discovery and investigation results of six cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) detected in Guangzhou. Results A total of 6 VDPV incidents were reported in Guangzhou from 2011 to June 2024, among which 5 incidents were from sewage sample testing in the Liede Sewage Treatment Plant in Guangzhou, all of which were confirmed as VDPV, with 1 for type I, 1 for type II, and 3 for type III. In addition, one confirmed HFMD case was identified as a type VDPV II carrier. No presence of any wild poliovirus (WPV), VDPV cases, or circulating VDPV (cVDPV) was reported. Conclusion Guangzhou City has maintained a high level of vigilance and effectiveness in the monitoring and prevention of polio. Continuously strengthening the construction of the polio monitoring network, optimizing vaccination strategies, and comprehensively improving public health awareness are still the focus of the prevention and control work in the future.

With the rapid development of mobile internet technology, mobile health application (mHealth APP) are increasingly widely used in the field of health management and have been proven to play an important role in the management of chronic diseases. Solid organ transplant recipients face complex health management needs after surgery, including postoperative follow-up, medication management, prevention and treatment of complications and comorbidities, and lifestyle adjustment. mHealth APP can provide solid organ transplant recipients with convenient self-management tools. Although some progress has been made in this field, there are still many challenges, such as insufficient user experience, technological dependence, and data security risks. Therefore, this article discusses the development process, main functions and current application status of mHealth APP, and analyzes its advantages in improving the self-management ability of solid organ transplant recipients, promoting doctor-patient communication and reducing the incidence of complications. At the same time, based on the practical experience of author’s team in developing the “TransMate” mHealth APP, we propose the directions that mHealth APPs should focus on in the future, in order to provide more effective support and services for the health management of solid organ transplant recipients.

Background Under the background of global warming, research on association between ambient temperature and risk of injury is needed. Objective To examine the effect of temperature on injury in Bao'an district, Shenzhen and identify the sensitive population, thereby providing a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and measures of injury. Methods The injury reports from the Injury Surveillance System and the meteorological data of Bao'an District between 2018 to 2022 were collected. The meteorological data were sourced from the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) land reanalysis data. Based on time-stratified case-crossover design, conditional logistic regression combined with distributed lag nonlinear model was used to evaluate the exposure-response association between ambient temperature and injury. The stratified analyses were further conducted by gender, age, and causes of injury. Results A total of 156205 injury cases were collected from the injury surveillance sentinel hospitals in Bao'an District of Shenzhen from 2018 to 2022, and the median of daily average temperature during the same period was 20.0 ℃. The exposure-response curve showed that the risk of injury was positively correlated with temperature. The linearized analysis revealed that each 1°C increase in temperature was associated with a 1.05% (95%CI: 0.68%, 1.42%) rise in injury risk (ER). Notably, the effect was greater in females (ER=1.31%, 95%CI: 0.67%, 1.94%) than males (ER=0.92%, 95%CI: 0.47%, 1.37%). Among age groups, adults ＞60 years faced the highest risk (ER=1.91%, 95%CI: −0.36%, 4.24%). The top three temperature-associated injury risks were sharp instrument injuries (ER=2.19%, 95%CI: 1.16%, 3.22%), animal injuries (ER=1.71%, 95%CI: 0.86%, 2.56%), and blunt injuries (ER=071%, 95%CI: −0.08%, 1.51%). The impact of temperature on unintentional injuries (ER=1.11%, 95%CI: 0.72%, 1.49%) was higher than that on intentional injuries (ER=0.43%, 95%CI: −0.85%, 1.72%). Severe injuries (ER=2.20%, 95%CI: −3.09%, 7.77%) were more affected by temperature than mild injuries (ER=1.00%, 95%CI: 0.58%, 1.43%) and moderate injuries (ER=1.15%, 95%CI: 0.42%, 1.89%). Conclusion The increase in ambient temperature associates with injury occurrence, and the impact of temperature exhibits obvious heterogeneity among different populations, indicating that targeted intervention measures should be taken for different populations and types of injuries.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and surgical seletion or timing for elderly patients(≥85 years) with inguinal hernia.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 323 patients aged ≥ 85 years who underwent surgical treatment for inguinal hernia admitted to the Department of General Surgery of East China Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from Jan 2020 to Dec 2024.There were 308 males (95.36%) and 15 females (4.64%), with an average age of (87.83 ± 1.91) years. The ASA classification included 15 cases of grade Ⅰ, 209 cases of grade Ⅱ, 97 cases of grade Ⅲ, and 2 cases of grade Ⅳ.Results:Among the 323 patients, there were 20 bilateral hernia cases and 303 unilateral cases. Ninety-seven cases were of scrotal hernia. Surgical methods included 11 TAPP cases, 10 TEP cases, 297 Lichtenstein cases, 3 open suture repair and 2 laparoscopic suture repair. Four cases underwent intestinal resection and in two cases enterostomy was performed. The median follow-up after surgery was 3 months. Hernia recurrence was found in 2 cases, seroma in 14 cases, chronic pain in 2 cases, SSI in 11 cases, intestinal obstruction in 1 case, urinary retention in 3 cases, pulmonary infection in 9 cases, urinary tract infection in 2 cases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents in 2 cases. The incidence of postoperative complications in the emergency group was significantly higher than that in the elective group. Three deaths occurred within 30 days after surgery, all of which were in the emergency group.Conclusions:Selective inguinal hernia repair is safe and effective for over 85 year old patients with inguinal hernia. The incidence of emergency surgical complications and mortality is significantly increased. Lichtenstein surgery under local anesthesia or regional block anesthesia is the preferred method.

Modern abdominal wall hernia repair has evolved into a systematic engineering project aimed at "functional abdominal wall reconstruction", the success of which largely depends on the deep integration of autologous tissue reconstruction and mesh reinforcement. As the foundation of repair, autologous tissue reconstruction involves meticulous anatomical restoration, tension-control techniques (e.g., component separation technique, transversus abdominis release), and neurovascular protection to restore the integrity of the abdominal wall's layered structures, thereby creating optimal conditions for mesh reinforcement. The selection of mesh materials should follow individualized principles: large-pore lightweight polypropylene mesh is preferred in clean surgeries to achieve a balance between mechanical support and biocompatibility; in contaminated or infected environments, biological meshes, owing to their inherent anti-infection properties and regenerative potential, become the optimal choice for such patients; and for massive defects, a combination of tissue separation techniques and composite mesh strategies is required to balance mechanical demands and biological infection risks. A well-designed repair plan should comprehensively consider patient factors (comorbidities, age), characteristics (size of defect, contamination level, abdominal wall condition), and surgical approach (mesh placement layer), achieving synergistic restoration of anatomical structure, mechanical force distribution, and physiological function, ultimately improving long-term patient outcomes.