BACKGROUND:The development of calcium phosphate bone cement is limited due to its poor mechanical properties and weak osteogenic ability.Silicate bioactive glass is highly favored due to its excellent biological activity and osteogenic ability.Simultaneously,fiber structures can enhance the mechanical strength of materials.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanical properties,biocompatibility,and osteogenic effect of silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement.METHODS:Different mass percentages(0％,10％,and 20％)of silicate bioactive glass fiber were added to the solid phase of calcium phosphate bone cement,mixed with the liquid phase and cured for 48 hours to obtain silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement.The mechanical properties,setting time,and ion precipitation of the cement were characterized.The three groups of bone cement extracts were co-cultured with MC3T3-E1 cells.The cell compatibility of the materials was evaluated by CCK-8 assay,live/dead staining,and phalloidin staining.After osteogenic induction,the osteogenic induction ability of the materials was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining,alizarin red staining,RUNX2 immunofluorescence staining,and RT-PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)With the increase of silicate bioactive glass fiber content,the compressive strength and flexural strength of bone cement increased,and the setting time was prolonged.When bone cement was immersed in simulated body fluid,the precipitation of silicon ions,calcium ions,and phosphorus ions could be detected.Moreover,with the increase of silicate bioactive glass fiber content,the mass concentration of silicon ions and phosphorus ions released by bone cement increased,and the mass concentration of calcium ions decreased.(2)Live/dead staining and phalloidin staining results exhibited that silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement had no toxic effect on MC3T3-E1 cells.CCK-8 assay results showed that silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.(3)With the increase of silicate bioactive glass fiber content in bone cement,the alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular calcium deposition of MC3T3-E1 cells increased,the expression of RUNX2 protein increased,and the expression of alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,osteopontin,and RUNX2 mRNA expression increased.(4)The results indicate that silicate bioactive glass fibers can enhance the mechanical properties and osteogenic induction ability of calcium phosphate bone cement,among which 20％silicate bioactive glass fibers have a more obvious effect.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect and mechanism of action of flavonoid combination of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma （A. officinarum） against Helicobacter pylori （H. pylori） gastritis in mice. MethodsAfter acclimatization for one week， 56 SPF-grade healthy C57BL/6J mice were gavaged with mixed antibiotics for three consecutive days. They were randomly divided into a normal group， model group， positive drug group （triple therapy group）， and low- and high-dose groups （100， 200 mg·kg^-1） of flavonoid combination of A. officinarum. The H. pylori gastritis mice model was established by gavage with H. pylori bacterial suspension in each group except for the normal group. After successful modeling， mice were administrated with corresponding drugs once a day for two weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes in gastric tissue. Rapid urease test paper was used to detect the positive rate of H. pylori. Silver staining was used to observe the H. pylori adherence on the surface of gastric tissue. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of interleukin-8 （IL）-8 and myeloid differentiation factor （MyD88） in gastric tissue. The serum levels of IL-6， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， IL-8， and IL-1β were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt） protein were detected by Western blot. ResultsCompared with those in the normal group， mice in the model group had lower gastric weight coefficients， higher pH of gastric juice， 100% H. pylori infection rate， and significantly changed gastric histopathology. The expressions of IL-8 and MyD88 proteins in the gastric tissue of mice in the model group were significantly elevated， and the serum levels of inflammatory factors IL-6， TNF-α， IL-8， and IL-1β were significantly up-regulated in mice. Compared with that in the model group， the gastric weight coefficient of mice in each treatment group of the flavonoid combinations of A. officinarum was elevated （P<0.01）， and the pH of gastric juice was reduced （P<0.01）. The infection rate of H. pylori was reduced. The expressions of IL-8 and MyD88 proteins in the gastric tissue of mice in the treatment groups were significantly reduced （P<0.01）， and the serum levels of inflammatory factors IL-6， TNF-α， IL-8， and IL-1β were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.01）. The flavonoid combinations of A. officinarum down-regulated the expression of PI3K and Akt proteins in H. pylori gastritis-infected cells （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe protective effect of flavonoid combinations of A. officinarum against H. pylori gastritis is associated with the inhibition of H. pylori infection rate and regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， resulting in inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors.

BACKGROUND:The development of calcium phosphate bone cement is limited due to its poor mechanical properties and weak osteogenic ability.Silicate bioactive glass is highly favored due to its excellent biological activity and osteogenic ability.Simultaneously,fiber structures can enhance the mechanical strength of materials.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanical properties,biocompatibility,and osteogenic effect of silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement.METHODS:Different mass percentages(0％,10％,and 20％)of silicate bioactive glass fiber were added to the solid phase of calcium phosphate bone cement,mixed with the liquid phase and cured for 48 hours to obtain silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement.The mechanical properties,setting time,and ion precipitation of the cement were characterized.The three groups of bone cement extracts were co-cultured with MC3T3-E1 cells.The cell compatibility of the materials was evaluated by CCK-8 assay,live/dead staining,and phalloidin staining.After osteogenic induction,the osteogenic induction ability of the materials was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining,alizarin red staining,RUNX2 immunofluorescence staining,and RT-PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)With the increase of silicate bioactive glass fiber content,the compressive strength and flexural strength of bone cement increased,and the setting time was prolonged.When bone cement was immersed in simulated body fluid,the precipitation of silicon ions,calcium ions,and phosphorus ions could be detected.Moreover,with the increase of silicate bioactive glass fiber content,the mass concentration of silicon ions and phosphorus ions released by bone cement increased,and the mass concentration of calcium ions decreased.(2)Live/dead staining and phalloidin staining results exhibited that silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement had no toxic effect on MC3T3-E1 cells.CCK-8 assay results showed that silicate bioactive glass fiber composite calcium phosphate bone cement could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.(3)With the increase of silicate bioactive glass fiber content in bone cement,the alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular calcium deposition of MC3T3-E1 cells increased,the expression of RUNX2 protein increased,and the expression of alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,osteopontin,and RUNX2 mRNA expression increased.(4)The results indicate that silicate bioactive glass fibers can enhance the mechanical properties and osteogenic induction ability of calcium phosphate bone cement,among which 20％silicate bioactive glass fibers have a more obvious effect.

This article introduced TCM master Zhang Zhen's experience of using theory of"one body with two wings,regulating qi movement"in the treatment of thyroid nodules.The onset of thyroid nodules is due to liver depression and qi stagnation,and the booster of the onset is spleen and kidney dysfunction.The main pathogenesis is liver depression and qi stagnation,spleen deficiency and phlegm coagulation,kidney deficiency and blood stasis.The disease is located in the liver,spleen,and kidney.The general principle for treating thyroid nodules is to regulate the liver to regulate"the body",while the key points for treating thyroid nodules are to supplement the spleen and kidneys to supplement"the two wings".The combination of promoting blood circulation and dispersing nodules is the target for treating thyroid nodules.The clinical treatment of thyroid nodules with Shutiao Xiaohe Decoction has a significant therapeutic effect.

Objective To evaluate the antioxidant function of Chrysanthemum morifolium from different origins and to identify their antioxidant material basis.Methods The HPLC fingerprints of the water extracts of C.morifolium from different origins were established.The antioxidant activities of C.morifolium were assayed by measuring the 2.2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),hydroxyl radical,ABTS,superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity and ferric ion reducing capacity FRAP.Entropy-weighted TOPSIS was used to calculate the weighting coefficients of the single indexes.Grey relational analysis(GRA)and partial least squares were used for spectrum-effect analysis to identify the antioxidant material basis of C.morifolium.Results A total of 16 common peaks were discovered in the fingerprint of the water extracts of 10 batches of C.morifolium,among which 13 common components were identified.All the C.morifolium samples had good antioxidant capacity,and the results of entropy-weighted TOPSIS analysis showed that the ranking of total antioxidant potency of 10 batches of C.morifolium was follows:S1＞S8＞S3＞S5＞S4＞S10＞S7＞S2＞S9＞S6.The peaks of 1-5,9,10,12,14 were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity and the variable influence on projection(VIP)values were greater than 1.The correlation coefficients of these nine peaks in GRA were all greater than 0.7.Conclusion The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method combined with the spectrum-effect analysis could be used to screen out the antioxidant material basis of C.morifolium and the results provide a basis for establishing quality assessment system for C.morifolium based on Quality-markers thus improving the quality control level.

Objective To screen the anti-Helicobacter pylori gastritis active components of the ethyl acetate extract of Alpinia officinarum Hance.Methods The"knock-out"strategy combined with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)detection was developed to separate the components of the ethyl acetate extract of A.officinarum while obtaining the negative samples without the components.A human gastric epithelial cell(GES-1)model of H.pylori gastritis was established,and the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-8(IL-8)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in the supernatant of the cells were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The total flavonoid fraction,the negative fraction without total diphenylheptanoids,the negative fraction without 5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone(DHPA),and galangin significantly reduced IL-6 levels in the supernatant of H.pylori infected GES-1 cells at a concentration of 8 μg·mL-1 with 24 h incubation.The total flavonoid fraction strongly inhibited the release of IL-6,TNF-α,IL-8,and IL-1β from H.pylori gastritis GES-1 cells at a concentration of 16 μg·mL-1.Conclusions The total flavonoid fraction is the major anti-H.pylori gastritis active component of the ethyl acetate extract of A.officinarum.The results lay the foundation for further elucidation of the material basis of A.officnarum against H.pylori gastritis.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of oral sulfate solution (OSS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) electrolyte powder for colonoscopy bowel preparation.Methods:A total of 283 randomized patients from 9 centers in China taking OSS ( n=143) or PEG ( n=140) using two-day split bowel preparation regimen received colonoscopy and assessment. The primary index was the bowel preparation success rate [global Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS)≥ 6 by independent assessment center]. Secondary indices included BBPS global and segmental scores, investigator satisfaction (5-point Likert scale) with the quality of bowel preparation, patient satisfaction assessed by questionnaires, and patient tolerance assessed by Sharma scale. Compliance and safety were compared between the two groups. Results:The bowel preparation success rates were 100.0% for OSS and 99.3% for PEG [adjusted difference 0.7% (95% CI: -5.3% - 6.7%), P<0.001 for non-inferiority]. The BBPS global score in OSS group was significantly higher than that in PEG group (8.1 VS 7.7, P<0.001). The segment BBPS scores were also higher in OSS group than those in PEG group for all 3 segments (right colon: 2.4 VS 2.3, P=0.002; transverse colon: 2.8 VS 2.7, P=0.018; left colon: 2.8 VS 2.7, P=0.007). Investigator Likert score in the OSS group was significantly higher than that in the PEG group (2.6 VS 2.3, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in compliance between OSS and PEG, except for the second dose (90.9% VS 82.6%, P=0.039). There was no significant difference in patient satisfaction, Sharma score or proportion of patients with tolerance-related symptoms between the two groups. Safety was comparable between the two groups, and all adverse events were mild to moderate. Conclusion:OSS has comparable efficacy with PEG, with higher BBPS scores in all segments, better investigator satisfaction, better compliance in split dose, and comparable patient tolerance and safety.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ipsilateral prominent posterior cerebral artery laterality (PCAL) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in patients with severe internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Methods From April 2016 to December 2017, patients with unilateral ICA stenosis≥70% (including occlusion) and contralateral ICA stenosis <50% or no stenosis admitted to the Department of Neurology, Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled. According to the presence or absence of PCAL on the ipsilateral side of ICA stenosis, they were divided into positive group and negative group, and the severity of WMHs was compared between the 2 groups. The patients were grouped according to the severity of overall WMHs and deep WMHs (DWMHs) and periventricular WMHs (PWMHs) on the ipsilateral side of ICA stenosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independently relevant factors of WMHs. Results A total of 131 patients were enrolled, 65 of them (49.62% ) had ipsilateral PCAL positive. The proportion of severe DWMHs in this group was significantly lower than that in the ipsilateral PCAL negative group (38.46% vs. 59.09% ; χ2 =5.578, P=0.018 ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (odds ratio [ OR] 2.196, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.278-3.773; P=0.004), hypertension (OR 3.279, 95% CI 1.107-9.709; P=0.032), and high systolic blood pressure (OR 1.027, 95% CI 1.002-1.053; P=0.031) were independently associated with severe overall WMHs; advanced age (OR 1.957, 95% CI 1.141-3.358; P=0.015) and hypertension (OR 4.739, 95% CI 1.570-14.286; P=0.006) were independently correlated with ipsilateral severe DWMHs, ipsilateral PCAL (OR 0.340, 95% CI 0.135-0.856; P=0.022 ) was independently correlated with ipsilateral mild DWMHs; advanced age (OR 1.805, 95% CI 1.175-2.775; P=0.007) and high systolic blood pressure (OR 1.030, 95% CI 1.007-1.053; P=0.010) were independently correlated with ipsilateral severe PWMHs. Conclusion Ipsilateral PCAL is an independent protective factor for ipsilateral DWMHs in patients with severe ICA stenosis.

Objective To analyze the specimen types,ward distribution and risk factors for infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase(ESBLs)-producing-Escherichia coli(ECO) in recent two years,so as to provide bacteriological basis for both hospital infection control and clinical anti-infection treatment.Methods Non-repetitive 443 ECO strains isolated from the hospitalized patients in the Third People′s Hospital of Shenzhen were collcted,and the phoenix100 system was employed for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests.ESBLs-ECO was further confirmed by the double-disk synergy test,and the risk factors caused ESBLs-ECO were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 115 strains of ESBLs-ECO were identified among the 443 strains of ECO,which accounted for 26.0%.The ESBLs-ECO strains were mainly isolated from the sputum,urine,and blood specimens.Among the isolated ESBLs-ECO strains,20.9% were isolated from the department of Tuberculosis,13.9% from the department of pediatric,12.2% from the department of live disease,and 8.7% from the department of infection.The male sex,surgery and use of the third generation cephalosporins were independent risk factors of ESBLs-ECO infection.Conclusion The isolation rate of ESBLs-ECO in this hospital is high.It is necessary for the hospital to strengthen the control of nosocomial infections according to the risk factors.More attention should be payed on male patients,the standardization of surgical operation and disinfection,and the restriction of using the third generation cephalosporins,so as to reduce the incidene of ESBLs-ECO infections.

Objective To observe the effect of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) on articular and synovial in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods 48 male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:AOPPs group,PBS group and sham-operated group.OA model were created in AOPPs group and PBS group by anterior cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscus resection (ACLT+MMx).then intra-articular injection of 1 ml AOPPs or PBS were performed once every other day in AOPPs group and PBS group,respectively.In sham-operated group,the anterior cruciate ligament was just exposed without transection,and then the incision was sutured.All rabbits were saerificed after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention,respectively.Results The India ink seore of 4 and 8 weeks were 4.19±0.60,5.75±0.60 in AOPPs group,and 1.06±0.18,1.38±0.60 in sham-operated group,2.50±0.46、3.06±0.62 in PBS group,respectively.In addition,the differences were statistically significant among the three groups.The Mankin score of 4 and 8 weeks were 8.19±0.70,11.94±0.90 in AOPPs group,and 0.75±0.53,1.06± 0.73 in sham-operated group,4.25± 1.46、4.50±0.89 in PBS group,respectively.The differences were statistically significant among the three groups.Meanwhile,the protein expression level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3 on synovial at 4 and 8 weeks in AOPPs group were 1.006±0.080,1.098±0.088;0.065±0.006,0.053±0.011 in sham-operated group;and 0.552±0.024,0.839±0.084 in PBS group,respectively.The proteiu expression level of MMP-13 on synovial at 4 and 8 weeks in AOPPs group were 0.966±0.080,1.621 ±0.041;0.101±0.022,0.367±0.033 in sham-operated group;and 0.564±0.030,1.322±0.085 in PBS group,respectively.The differences were statistically significant among the three groups at two times.Conclusion AOPPs participate in the occurrence and development of artieular cartilage by upregulating the protein expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 on synovial.