Objective To systematically evaluate the factors that promote and hinder exercise in frail older adults,and to provide references for the formulation of exercise intervention programs.Methods We searched PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,CINAHL,Cochrane library,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP database,and China Biomedical Literature Database for qualitative studies on exercise facilitators and hindrances in frail older adults,and the search time period was from the establishment of the databases to September 1,2024.The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Brigg Institute Australian Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research(2016),and the results were integrated by integrating methods.Results A total of 18 studies were included,and 72 research results were extracted,and 10 categories were summarized.The final synthesis included 2 integrated results:the facilitators included personal exercise motivation,physical and psychological benefits,positive interpersonal interactions,multiple social support systems and person-centred exercise programme;the impediments included underlying diseases and somatic functional limitations,negative psychological status,low health literacy,family role conflicts and limits of the environment.Conclusion Exercise for frail older adults is affected by a variety of factors.Healthcare professionals should improve the positive perception of exercise for frail older people and help them overcome psychological barriers;establish an all-round support system to enhance the sense of social contact of the frail elderly;formulate a personalised exercise programme with a human-centred approach to enhance the motivation of the frail elderly.

Objective To systematically evaluate the factors that promote and hinder exercise in frail older adults,and to provide references for the formulation of exercise intervention programs.Methods We searched PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,CINAHL,Cochrane library,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP database,and China Biomedical Literature Database for qualitative studies on exercise facilitators and hindrances in frail older adults,and the search time period was from the establishment of the databases to September 1,2024.The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Brigg Institute Australian Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research(2016),and the results were integrated by integrating methods.Results A total of 18 studies were included,and 72 research results were extracted,and 10 categories were summarized.The final synthesis included 2 integrated results:the facilitators included personal exercise motivation,physical and psychological benefits,positive interpersonal interactions,multiple social support systems and person-centred exercise programme;the impediments included underlying diseases and somatic functional limitations,negative psychological status,low health literacy,family role conflicts and limits of the environment.Conclusion Exercise for frail older adults is affected by a variety of factors.Healthcare professionals should improve the positive perception of exercise for frail older people and help them overcome psychological barriers;establish an all-round support system to enhance the sense of social contact of the frail elderly;formulate a personalised exercise programme with a human-centred approach to enhance the motivation of the frail elderly.

Objective:To integrate qualitative research on the influencing factors of exercise compliance in elderly patients with cognitive impairment.Methods:The research is a Meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Qualitative research on the influencing factors of exercise compliance in elderly patients with cognitive impairment were electronically searched on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and SinoMed. The search period was from the establishment of the database to April 25, 2023. Two researchers independently evaluated the literature using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center (2016 edition). The aggregative integration method was used to integrate the results.Results:A total of 16 articles were included, and 54 research results were extracted. These results were reorganized into seven categories and integrated into three outcomes, namely the personal factors that affected the exercise compliance of elderly patients with cognitive impairment including intrinsic motivation factors, physical and cognitive function factors, and psychological factors, social and interpersonal factors that affected exercise compliance in elderly patients with cognitive impairment including exercise team and caregiver factors, environmental factors that affected exercise compliance in elderly patients with cognitive impairment including social and natural environments factors.Conclusions:The exercise compliance of elderly patients with cognitive impairment is influenced by multiple factors. Medical and nursing staff should enhance patients' perception and belief in the benefits of exercise, pay attention to patients' psychological experience, establish a comprehensive support system to evaluate and develop personalized exercise plans, comprehensively evaluate the exercise environment and create a good exercise atmosphere to improve patients' enthusiasm for exercise.

Objectives:To search, evaluate, and summarize the evidence related to the application management of over-the-counter (OTC) medications for constipation in the elderly, providing evidence-based support for the rational use of these medications.Methods:A systematic search was conducted through computerized decision support systems, guideline websites, professional association websites, and databases for clinical decisions, guidelines, evidence summaries, and expert consensus on the management of OTC medications for constipation in the elderly. The search period spanned from January 2018 to March 2023. The quality of the literature was independently assessed, and evidence was extracted. The 2014 version of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) evidence grading system was used to determine the levels of evidence.Results:A total of 18 article were included, consisting of two clinical decisions, five guidelines, seven expert consensus statements, and four evidence summaries. These covered five areas: medication principles for elderly individuals with different characteristics, medication selection, medication monitoring, health education, and precautions, culminating in a total of 30 best evidence.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for the management of OTC medications for constipation in the elderly, providing evidence-based support for the rational application of these medications.

Objective:To systematically synthesize and evaluate qualitative studies on the rehabilitation experience of stroke patients using virtual reality.Methods:A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and SinoMed was conducted for qualitative studies on the rehabilitation experience of stroke patients using virtual reality, with studies included up to October 24, 2023. Two researchers independently assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute qualitative assessment tool, and a Meta-synthesis approach was used to integrate findings.Results:Fourteen studies were included, yielding 72 distinct results that were categorized into 13 themes, and further integrated into four main themes: stroke patients' experience with virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation, facilitators for virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation, barriers to virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation, and stroke patients' needs and expectations for virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation.Conclusions:Virtual reality is widely appreciated by stroke patients for its rehabilitation benefits. Future efforts should focus on patient training, system enhancement, and the development of diverse and personalized virtual reality content to improve the user experience.

Objective:To systematically synthesize and evaluate qualitative studies on the rehabilitation experience of stroke patients using virtual reality.Methods:A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and SinoMed was conducted for qualitative studies on the rehabilitation experience of stroke patients using virtual reality, with studies included up to October 24, 2023. Two researchers independently assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute qualitative assessment tool, and a Meta-synthesis approach was used to integrate findings.Results:Fourteen studies were included, yielding 72 distinct results that were categorized into 13 themes, and further integrated into four main themes: stroke patients' experience with virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation, facilitators for virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation, barriers to virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation, and stroke patients' needs and expectations for virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation.Conclusions:Virtual reality is widely appreciated by stroke patients for its rehabilitation benefits. Future efforts should focus on patient training, system enhancement, and the development of diverse and personalized virtual reality content to improve the user experience.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing model for perioperative patients in orthopedic surgery on complications. Methods: Computer-based search of electronic databases the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, WF and CBM Database to search for randomized controlled trials on the application of ERAS nursing models in orthopaedic patients at domestic and foreign before March 16, 2018, data were selected and screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.3 was used for meta-analysis of the included studies. Results: A total of 25 RCTs were included in the study and a total of 2 412 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of deep venous thrombos[RR=0.38, 95%CI(0.24, 0.61), P<0.01], and incidence of pulmonary infection[RR=0.26, 95% CI (0.10, 0.67), P=0.005], incidence of urinary tract infections[RR=0.28, 95%CI(0.10,0.78), P=0.01], incidence of constipation [RR=0.30, 95% CI (0.17,0.56), P=0.0001], The incidence of bloating [RR=0.35, 95%CI(0.13, 0.95), P=0.04], they were lower in the experimental group than in routine care, they were statistically significant. Incidence of incision infection [RR=0.75, 95% CI(0.17, 3.27), P= 0.70], incidence of pressure sores [RR=0.34, 95% CI(0.09, 1.27), P=0.11], incidence of nausea and vomiting [RR=0.81, 95% CI(0.52, 1.25), P=0.34] were not statistically significant; postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization costs, and patient satisfaction were statistically significant. Conclusions Compared with routine care, the ERAS nursing model can promote the recovery of orthopedic patients during perioperative period, reduce postoperative deep venous thrombosis, constipation, pulmonary infection, urinary tract infection, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization costs, and patient satisfaction. All have a positive impact, but more multicentre and large sample clinical trials are needed for validation.