ObjectiveTo review the application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in the field of visual impairment (VI) rehabilitation. MethodsLiterature related to ICF and VI rehabilitation was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP from inception to May, 2026. Standards and policy documents related to VI published before May, 2026 were retrieved from the National Standards Full-text Disclosure System of the Standardization Administration of China, the China Disabled Persons' Federation and the Chinese Government Portal. Following PRISMA-ScR, based on the three-dimensional ICF framework, an integrated analysis was conducted from the dimensions of theory, practice and policy. ResultsA total of 17 articles involving 2 648 participants, and four domestic VI assessment standards and one guideline were included. At the theoretical level, domestic VI standards showed the highest alignment with the ICF dimension of body functions, while the coverage of the activities and participation dimension was uneven, and the coverage of the environmental factors dimension was the weakest. At the practical level, the ICF was primarily used for developing assessment tools, conducting clinical evaluations, implementing interventions and exploring service models. At the policy level, the overall orientation of domestic special education and medical insurance payment aligned with the ICF concept of whole person rehabilitation, yet specific implementation rules remained to be formulated. ConclusionICF provides a comprehensive and systematic approach for integrating the VI rehabilitation system in China, demonstrating significant application value in standard construction, clinical practice optimization and policy refinement.

Objective:To develop a treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial scale was constructed through a literature search, Delphi expert correspondence, and cognitive testing. This study conducted a preliminary survey of 379 patients with MM and a formal survey of 865 patients from the hematology departments of 155 hospitals nationwide from February 2024 to March 2024. The final scale was obtained after conducting item analysis and reliability and validity tests on the initial scale.Results:The constructed scale contains 36 items covering six domains: physiological, psychological, social, treatment side effects, general health, and others. In the preliminary survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.597 to 0.939, and the test-retest reliability was 0.747 ( P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 60.058%. In the formal survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.484 to 0.930, and the test-retest reliability was 0.835 ( P<0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a comparative fit index of 0.750, a root-mean-square error of approximation of 0.090, and a root-mean-square residual of 0.067. Conclusion:The treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with MM designed in this study exhibited good reliability and validity, reflecting the impact of treatment on the quality of life of patients. This scale can provide a reference to clinicians for assessing the disease status of patients.

Objective:To study the effect of anthocyanins(C3G)on cuproptosis in chronic epileptic rats.Methods:Chronic epileptic rat model was induced by pentatetrazol(PTZ),and 90 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,PTZ group,elesclomol(ELC)group,tetrathiomolybdate(TTM)group,C3G group and ELC+C3G group.The grade,latency and frequency of seizures were recorded in each group.electroencephalogram(EEG)was used to detect abnormal electrical discharge in the brain.The action potential of hippocampal neurons was measured by patch-clamp technique.The contents of glutathione(GSH)and cuprous ions(Cu+)in hippocampus were determined by kit.Neuron damage in hippocampus was evaluated by Nissl staining.The expression of ferredoxin1(FDX1)and lipoic acid synthase(LIAS)in hippocampus was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results:Compared with the control group,the rats in the PTZ group exhibited epileptic-like seizures,suggesting that the modeling was successful.Com-pared with other epileptic groups,the ELC group showed increased seizure grade,more abnormal discharges,shortened latency period,enhanced neuronal excitability,decreased Nissl particles,elevated Cu+levels,decreased GSH levels,and increased expressions of FDX1 and LIAS.The reverse was observed in C3G group(P＜0.05).Neuron damage in ELC+C3G group was less severe than that in ELC group,but more than that in PTZ group(P＜0.05).Neuron dam-age in TTM group was less severe than that in PTZ group,but more severe than that in C3G group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:cuproptosis exists in hippocampus of rats with chronic epilepsy,and the C3G can significantly inhibit cu-proptosis and alleviate the occurrence and development of chronic epilepsy.

Objective:To understand the current situation and influencing factors of functional constipation among elderly people in nursing homes, and construct a risk prediction model.Methods:Conveniently select 542 elderly people from 8 nursing homes in Tangshan urban area from July to November 2023 as the research subjects, use binary logistic regression analysis to construct a risk prediction model, and conduct internal validation of the model.Results:Among the 542 elderly people who were included in the study, there were 250 males and 292 females with an average age of 78.00 (70.00, 86.00) years. The incidence of functional constipation among elderly people in nursing homes was 54.06%(293/542). The predictive model includes six predictive factors: age, Barthel index, water intake, daily vegetable intake, insomnia, and perianal disease. The model AUC was 0.885 (95% CI 0.858-0.913), the Youden index was 0.628, the best critical value was 0.585, sensitivity was 0.819, specificity was 0.809. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test χ2=6.38, P=0.605. The internal validation results of the Bootstrap method showed that the AUC of the model was 0.876, the calibration curve was close to the standard line, and the Brier score was 0.135. The DCA results showed that the threshold was 0.1-0.9, and the model had good clinical net benefits. Conclusions:The incidence of functional constipation in elderly care institutions is relatively high. The functional constipation risk prediction model constructed in this study has good predictive efficacy and applicability, which can provide reference for nursing home staff.

Objective:To study the effect of anthocyanins(C3G)on cuproptosis in chronic epileptic rats.Methods:Chronic epileptic rat model was induced by pentatetrazol(PTZ),and 90 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,PTZ group,elesclomol(ELC)group,tetrathiomolybdate(TTM)group,C3G group and ELC+C3G group.The grade,latency and frequency of seizures were recorded in each group.electroencephalogram(EEG)was used to detect abnormal electrical discharge in the brain.The action potential of hippocampal neurons was measured by patch-clamp technique.The contents of glutathione(GSH)and cuprous ions(Cu+)in hippocampus were determined by kit.Neuron damage in hippocampus was evaluated by Nissl staining.The expression of ferredoxin1(FDX1)and lipoic acid synthase(LIAS)in hippocampus was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results:Compared with the control group,the rats in the PTZ group exhibited epileptic-like seizures,suggesting that the modeling was successful.Com-pared with other epileptic groups,the ELC group showed increased seizure grade,more abnormal discharges,shortened latency period,enhanced neuronal excitability,decreased Nissl particles,elevated Cu+levels,decreased GSH levels,and increased expressions of FDX1 and LIAS.The reverse was observed in C3G group(P＜0.05).Neuron damage in ELC+C3G group was less severe than that in ELC group,but more than that in PTZ group(P＜0.05).Neuron dam-age in TTM group was less severe than that in PTZ group,but more severe than that in C3G group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:cuproptosis exists in hippocampus of rats with chronic epilepsy,and the C3G can significantly inhibit cu-proptosis and alleviate the occurrence and development of chronic epilepsy.

Objective:To understand the current situation and influencing factors of functional constipation among elderly people in nursing homes, and construct a risk prediction model.Methods:Conveniently select 542 elderly people from 8 nursing homes in Tangshan urban area from July to November 2023 as the research subjects, use binary logistic regression analysis to construct a risk prediction model, and conduct internal validation of the model.Results:Among the 542 elderly people who were included in the study, there were 250 males and 292 females with an average age of 78.00 (70.00, 86.00) years. The incidence of functional constipation among elderly people in nursing homes was 54.06%(293/542). The predictive model includes six predictive factors: age, Barthel index, water intake, daily vegetable intake, insomnia, and perianal disease. The model AUC was 0.885 (95% CI 0.858-0.913), the Youden index was 0.628, the best critical value was 0.585, sensitivity was 0.819, specificity was 0.809. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test χ2=6.38, P=0.605. The internal validation results of the Bootstrap method showed that the AUC of the model was 0.876, the calibration curve was close to the standard line, and the Brier score was 0.135. The DCA results showed that the threshold was 0.1-0.9, and the model had good clinical net benefits. Conclusions:The incidence of functional constipation in elderly care institutions is relatively high. The functional constipation risk prediction model constructed in this study has good predictive efficacy and applicability, which can provide reference for nursing home staff.

Objective:To develop a treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial scale was constructed through a literature search, Delphi expert correspondence, and cognitive testing. This study conducted a preliminary survey of 379 patients with MM and a formal survey of 865 patients from the hematology departments of 155 hospitals nationwide from February 2024 to March 2024. The final scale was obtained after conducting item analysis and reliability and validity tests on the initial scale.Results:The constructed scale contains 36 items covering six domains: physiological, psychological, social, treatment side effects, general health, and others. In the preliminary survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.597 to 0.939, and the test-retest reliability was 0.747 ( P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 60.058%. In the formal survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.484 to 0.930, and the test-retest reliability was 0.835 ( P<0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a comparative fit index of 0.750, a root-mean-square error of approximation of 0.090, and a root-mean-square residual of 0.067. Conclusion:The treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with MM designed in this study exhibited good reliability and validity, reflecting the impact of treatment on the quality of life of patients. This scale can provide a reference to clinicians for assessing the disease status of patients.

Objective:To analyse the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic double-bundle Endobutton fixation of the thin bone channel in the treatment of Rockwood type III-V acromioclavicular joint dislocation.Methods:A total of 34 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation, 24 males and 10 females, aged 50.9±11.0 years (range, 21-74 years), who underwent arthroscopic double-bundle Endobutton fixation of the thin bone channel at Zhejiang Province Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, from February 2015 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 24 cases on the left side and 10 cases on the right side. Causes of injury: 23 cases of car accident, 7 cases of fall, 4 cases of falling from height. Rockwood classification: Type III 17 cases, type IV 9 cases, type V 8 cases. The visual analogue scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant-Murley score, and joint range of motion were used to evaluate shoulder pain and functional improvement.Results:All patients successfully completed the operation and were followed up for an average of 16.6±2.8 months (range, 12-24 months). Postoperative VAS scores were significantly lower compared to preoperative scores ( F=199.408, P<0.001), with the final follow-up VAS score being 1.32±0.47, significantly lower than the preoperative score of 4.71±1.19 ( P<0.001). Postoperative ASES scores were significantly higher compared to preoperative scores ( F=335.838, P<0.001), with the final follow-up ASES score being 88.85±6.41, significantly higher than the preoperative score of 34.76±5.79 ( P<0.001). The Constant-Murley scores of 3 months, 6 months after operation and the last follow-up were 77.79±5.34, 87.40±5.19 and 88.17±4.40, respectively, which were higher than that before operation 37.41±6.52, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). At the final follow-up, shoulder flexion, adduction, and abduction were 172.9°±6.4°, 59.2°±6.2°, and 59.3°±5.9°, respectively. The coracoclavicular distance was 1.76±0.42 mm, 0.84±0.19 mm, and 0.87±0.18 mm before operation, 3 months after operation, and at the last follow-up, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=101.160, P<0.001). Whereas, 3 months postoperative and the final follow-up were smaller than the preoperative ones, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). All incisions healed in one stage, and there was no vascular or nerve injury, internal fixation infection, coracoid process or clavicle bone tunnel fracture, or internal fixation loosening or breakage. Conclusion:Arthroscopic double-bundle Endobutton fixation with thin bone channel for the treatment of Rockwood type III-V acromioclavicular joint dislocation can improve shoulder function and reduce pain, with high surgical safety.