Objective:To investigate the iodine level in drinking water of residents in Guangzhou City.Methods:From March to October 2022, a survey of iodine level in residents' drinking water was conducted in 2 702 administrative villages (communities) in 11 municipal districts of Guangzhou City. Water samples were collected according to different water supply methods (centralized, decentralized, and mixed), and the water iodine level was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distribution of iodine level in drinking water of residents in administrative villages (communities) was analyzed.Results:In 2 702 administrative villages (communities) in Guangzhou City, centralized water supply was the main way of water supply, accounting for 95.34% (2 576/2 702); decentralized water supply accounted for 3.66% (99/2 702); mixed water supply accounted for 1.00% (27/2 702). The overall water iodine of each administrative village (community) was 8.93 (5.93, 13.19) μg/L, ranging from 0.00 to 67.79 μg/L. Among them, 99.81% (2 697/2 702) of the administrative villages (communities) had a median water iodine level of less than 40 μg/L, indicating iodine deficiency areas; 0.19% (5/2 702) of the administrative villages (communities) had a median water iodine of 40 - 100 μg/L, indicating suitable iodine areas; no high iodine area with a median water iodine level greater than 100 μg/L was found.Conclusions:The iodine level in the drinking water of residents in Guangzhou City is generally at a low level, and the external environment is generally deficient in iodine. No area with high iodine level has been found.

AIM:Study the effects of icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture(Yin-Huang-Ge mixture,YHG)on cognitive dysfunction and brain tissue ferroptosis in Alzheimer disease(AD)model mice,and explore its mecha-nism.METHODS:APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into APP/PS1 group,icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture(APP/PS1+YHG)group,and idebenone(APP/PS1+IDE)group using a random number table method.C57BL/6J mice of the same age were selected as the normal group.After one month of continuous administration,Morris water maze was used to test the learning and memory abilities of mice.Nissl staining was used to observe the morphological changes in the hippocampus of mice.The ultrastructure of neurons in each group of mice was observed under electron microscopy.West-ern blot was used to detect the expression of FSP1 protein in hippocampal tissue.ELISA detection of coenzyme Q10(CoQ10),CoQ10H2,and 4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE)content.Biochemical reagent kit is used to detect malondialde-hyde(MDA)content.RESULTS:Compared with the normal group,APP/PS1 mice showed decreased learning and mem-ory abilities,with loosely arranged and irregularly shaped hippocampal CA3 neurons.Hippocampal neurons exhibit mito-chondrial shrinkage,incomplete cristae,and increased membrane density.The expression of FSP1 protein in the brain de-creased(P＜0.05).The levels of CoQ10 and CoQ10H2 were both reduced(P＜0.01).The levels of 4-HNE and MDA in-creased(P＜0.01).After using icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture and idebenone,the learning and memory abili-ties of mice were improved.The neuronal structure in the hippocampal CA3 region is more tightly arranged and has a regu-lar shape compared to the model group.The mitochondrial structure is relatively clear,the mitochondrial membrane is rel-atively normal,and the cristae are relatively intact.The expression of FSP1 protein in the brain increased(P＜0.05).The levels of CoQ10 and CoQ10H2 both increased(P＜0.05).The levels of 4-HNE and MDA were significantly reduced(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:The icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture can improve cognition in AD mice,and its mecha-nism may be related to inhibiting ferroptosis by activating the FSP1/CoQ10 signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the iodine level in drinking water of residents in Guangzhou City.Methods:From March to October 2022, a survey of iodine level in residents' drinking water was conducted in 2 702 administrative villages (communities) in 11 municipal districts of Guangzhou City. Water samples were collected according to different water supply methods (centralized, decentralized, and mixed), and the water iodine level was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distribution of iodine level in drinking water of residents in administrative villages (communities) was analyzed.Results:In 2 702 administrative villages (communities) in Guangzhou City, centralized water supply was the main way of water supply, accounting for 95.34% (2 576/2 702); decentralized water supply accounted for 3.66% (99/2 702); mixed water supply accounted for 1.00% (27/2 702). The overall water iodine of each administrative village (community) was 8.93 (5.93, 13.19) μg/L, ranging from 0.00 to 67.79 μg/L. Among them, 99.81% (2 697/2 702) of the administrative villages (communities) had a median water iodine level of less than 40 μg/L, indicating iodine deficiency areas; 0.19% (5/2 702) of the administrative villages (communities) had a median water iodine of 40 - 100 μg/L, indicating suitable iodine areas; no high iodine area with a median water iodine level greater than 100 μg/L was found.Conclusions:The iodine level in the drinking water of residents in Guangzhou City is generally at a low level, and the external environment is generally deficient in iodine. No area with high iodine level has been found.

AIM:Study the effects of icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture(Yin-Huang-Ge mixture,YHG)on cognitive dysfunction and brain tissue ferroptosis in Alzheimer disease(AD)model mice,and explore its mecha-nism.METHODS:APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into APP/PS1 group,icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture(APP/PS1+YHG)group,and idebenone(APP/PS1+IDE)group using a random number table method.C57BL/6J mice of the same age were selected as the normal group.After one month of continuous administration,Morris water maze was used to test the learning and memory abilities of mice.Nissl staining was used to observe the morphological changes in the hippocampus of mice.The ultrastructure of neurons in each group of mice was observed under electron microscopy.West-ern blot was used to detect the expression of FSP1 protein in hippocampal tissue.ELISA detection of coenzyme Q10(CoQ10),CoQ10H2,and 4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE)content.Biochemical reagent kit is used to detect malondialde-hyde(MDA)content.RESULTS:Compared with the normal group,APP/PS1 mice showed decreased learning and mem-ory abilities,with loosely arranged and irregularly shaped hippocampal CA3 neurons.Hippocampal neurons exhibit mito-chondrial shrinkage,incomplete cristae,and increased membrane density.The expression of FSP1 protein in the brain de-creased(P＜0.05).The levels of CoQ10 and CoQ10H2 were both reduced(P＜0.01).The levels of 4-HNE and MDA in-creased(P＜0.01).After using icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture and idebenone,the learning and memory abili-ties of mice were improved.The neuronal structure in the hippocampal CA3 region is more tightly arranged and has a regu-lar shape compared to the model group.The mitochondrial structure is relatively clear,the mitochondrial membrane is rel-atively normal,and the cristae are relatively intact.The expression of FSP1 protein in the brain increased(P＜0.05).The levels of CoQ10 and CoQ10H2 both increased(P＜0.05).The levels of 4-HNE and MDA were significantly reduced(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:The icariin-astragaloside IV-puerarin mixture can improve cognition in AD mice,and its mecha-nism may be related to inhibiting ferroptosis by activating the FSP1/CoQ10 signaling pathway.

We developed a method for accurate quantification of the intact virus particles in inactivated avian influenza virus feedstocks. To address the problem of impurities interference in the detection of inactivated avian influenza virus feedstocks by direct high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), we firstly investigated polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) for H5N8 antigen purification. Under the optimized conditions, the removal rate of impurity was 86.87% in IEC using DEAE FF, and the viral hemagglutination recovery was 100%. HPSEC was used to analyze the pretreated samples. The peak of 8.5-10.0 min, which was the characteristic adsorption of intact virus, was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and dynamic light scattering. It was almost free of impurities and the particle size was uniform with an average particle size of 127.7 nm. After adding antibody to the IEC pretreated samples for HPSEC detection, the characteristic peak disappeared, indicating that IEC pretreatment effectively removed the impurities. By coupling HPSEC with multi-angle laser scattering technique (MALLS), the amount of intact virus particles in the sample could be accurately quantified with a good linear relationship between the number of virus particles and the chromatographic peak area (R²=0.997). The established IEC pretreatment-HPSEC-MALLS assay was applied to accurate detection of the number of intact virus particles in viral feedstocks of different subtypes (H7N9), different batches and different concentrations, all with good applicability and reproducibility, Relative standard deviation < 5%, n=3.
Animals ; Reproducibility of Results ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; Influenza in Birds ; Chromatography, Gel ; Virion ; Lasers

Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are the main therapy for epilepsy.There are many kinds of ASMs with complex mechanism of action, so it is difficult for pharmacists to examine prescriptions.This paper put forward some suggestions on the indications, dosage forms/routes of administration, appropriateness of usage and dosage, combined medication and drug interaction, long-term prescription review, individual differences in pathophysiology of children, and drug selection when complicated with common epilepsy, for the reference of doctors and pharmacists.

Objective:To explore the expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and Chitinase-40 (YKL-40) in acute cerebral infarction and the value of combined detection in prognosis evaluation.Methods:118 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University from January 2016 to June 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the cerebral infarction volume, the patients were divided into small infarction group (<5 cm 3), middle infarction group (5-10 cm 3) and large infarction group (>10 cm 3). 108 healthy people were selected as the healthy control group. The serum levels of Cav-1 and YKL-40 were compared in the 3 groups, and the correlation between the degree of cerebral infarction and serum levels of Cav-1 and YKL-40 was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of the expression levels of Cav-1 and YKL-40 in patients with acute cerebral infarction; the patients were followed up for one year and the prognosis was evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS); the correlation between serum Cav-1 and YKL-40 and prognosis was analyzed. Results:The expression levels of serum Cav-1 and YKL-40 in patients with acute cerebral infarction were significantly higher than those in healthy group ( P<0.001). The serum levels of Cav-1 and YKL-40 were positively correlated with the infarct volume of acute cerebral infarction ( r=0.854, P=0.004; r=0.867, P=0.002). ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity, Youden index and area under ROC curve of Cav-1 (21.78 μg/L) combined with YKL-40 (158.69 ng/ml) in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction were 85.59%, 0.532 and 0.896 (95% CI: 0.741-0.932), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of single index ( P<0.05). At 8 and 12 months of follow-up, the proportion of death and mRS score in the positive group were significantly higher than those in the negative group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The serum Cav-1 and YKL-40 levels are significantly higher in patients with acute cerebral infarction. The combined examination of Cav-1 and YKL-40 can improve the diagnostic efficiency and has potential application value for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of patients.

Objective:To screen and analyze the differentially expressed genes between lacrimal gland benign lymphoepithelial lesions (LGBLEL) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed.Ten consecutive patients were included in Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2015 to November 2017, including five patients with LGBLEL and five patients with MALT lymphoma.Clinical data and peripheral blood sample were collected from each patient.DNA was extracted from peripheral blood.The whole-exome sequencing (WES) was employed for gene sequencing.The BWA software was used for the screen of differentially expressed gene; GATK software was used to detect genomic variation; ANNOVAR software was used to annotate and predict the effects of the variation; Varscan software was used to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion-deletions (InDels), and ExomeCNV software was used to identify copy number variations (CNVs). The mutated hub gene with the maximal clique centrality was screened out by the analysis of protein interaction network and construction of functional module network.This study was approved by an Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any medical examination.Results:There was 16.63 Gb sequencing data per sample on average.Synonymous mutation and missense mutation were the most common SNPs mutation types in the LGBLEL group and MALT lymphoma group, and no significant difference was found in gene mumber of synonymous mutation and missense mutation between the two groups.The number of terminating codon missing mutation genes in the LGBLEL group was more than that in the MALT lymphoma group ( P<0.05). The most common InDels types were frameshift mutation, non-frameshift insertion and non-frameshift deletion, and there was no significant difference in gene number of InDels between the LGBLEL group and MALT lymphoma group.The number of exon CNVs was few in both two groups and showed no significant influence in final result.Six differentially expressed hub genes were found, including IGFN1, TCP10, SLC45A4, BTBD7, PHGR1 and PIEZ02. Conclusions:IGFN1, TCP10, SLC45A4, BTBD7, PHGR1 and PIEZ02 genes may participate in the development of LGBLEL into MALT lymphoma.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous submandibular region puncture and drainage(PSPD) for treating parapharyngeal space abscess (PPSA).Methods:The clinical data of 26 patients with PPSA receiving PSPD from January 2015 to December 2019 in the Third Central Hospital of Tianjin were retrospectively analyzed.Results:All 26 patients successfully underwent puncture and catheterization with a primary success rate of 100%. After catherization, pain relieved within 12-24 hours, body temperature returned to normal within 24-48 hours, white blood cell(WBC) and C-reactive protein(CRP) returned to normal within 48-96 hours. The catheterization duration ranged from 5 to 14 days and the average time was 7 days. There were statistically significant differences in the body temperature, maximum abscess diameter, WBC and CRP between pre-operation and 7 days after operation(all P<0.001). None of the 26 patients experienced any serious complications such as major vessels, nerve or glands injury. Bacterial cultures were positive in 18 patients and the most common bacteria was hemolytic streptococcus. Conclusions:PSPD is an effective, safe and minimally invasive method for the treatment of PPSA as an alternative to operative incision and drainage.

Objective: To learn the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)clusters in Nanning,Guangxi Province,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: The data of COVID-19 clusters from January to February,2020 in Nanning were collected through the Public Emergency Response System of National CDC. Descriptive epidemiological analysis were conducted to analyze the time,space and population distribution, source of infection,transmission chain, ways of detection and the scale of clusters. Results: Eleven clusters were reported,with 36 confirmed cases and 293 exposed persons. The average attack rate was 12.29%. There were ten family clusters. The epidemic scale was small,with an average of 3.27 cases. The onset of cases peaked on January 23,while the reporting time was mainly from February 10 to February 18. The cases were distributed in two cities and one county. The attack rate of Qingxiu District and Xixiangtang District was 16.95%,which was higher than 5.17% of Mashan County(p<0.05). The recurrence rate of family contacts was 25.42%,which was higher than that of other ways of contacts(p<0.05). Of eleven clusters,nine were caused by imported cases or related cases;five developed secondary cases or above,and the median interval between the first and secondary cases was three days. Conclusions The COVID-19 clusters in Nanning occurred mainly in families with small scales and most were caused by imported cases. The majority of the cases were reported during mid February. The attack rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas.