Objective To investigate the predictive value of derived neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(dNLR)and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(NHHR)for in-hospital outcomes of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients after PCI.Methods A total of 206 AMI patients undergoing PCI in our department from January 2021 to December 2023 were recruited,and according to their outcomes after PCI,they were divided into a good prognosis group(174 cases)and a poor prognosis group(32 cases).The clinical data were collected,and the dNLR and NHHR values were calculated.ROC curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of dNLR,NHHR and their combination for in-hospital outcomes of AMI pa-tients after PCI.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the influencing factors for in-hospital outcomes of AMI patients after PCI.Results The poor prognosis group had significantly higher Gensini score,larger proportions of NYHA Classes Ⅲ+Ⅳ and multi-vessel lesions,and elevated dNLR and NHHR,and lower LVEF value than the good prognosis group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The AUC value of dNLR,NHHR and their combination in predicting in-hospital outcomes of AMI patients after PCI was 0.758(95％CI:0.713-0.808),0.812(95％CI:0.767-0.857)and 0.914(95％CI:0.869-0.964),respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF(OR=2.519,95％CI:1.249-5.082,P=0.010),multi-vessel lesions(OR=2.323,95％CI:1.358-3.975,P=0.002),dNLR(OR=3.031,95％CI:1.793-5.126,P=0.001),and NHHR(OR=3.480,95％CI:1.873-6.465,P=0.001)were influencing factors for in-hospital outcomes in AMI patients after PCI(P＜0.05).Conclusion High dNLR and NHHR values are closely associated with poor outcomes in AMI patients after PCI,and their combination may be an indicator to predict the outcomes after PCI.

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of Chlorfortunone A(ChlA) in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN) in mice.Methods:The DN model mice were assigned to DN, low-dose ChlA(ChlAL) and high-dose ChlA(ChlAH), and the normal control groups(Ctrl). Kidney tissue was analyzed via HE and Masson staining, and urine albumin, fasting blood glucose and kidney weight were measured. Collagen1 and α-SMA proteins were detected in renal tissues. The level of GSH-px, SOD, CAT, and TGF-β were detected. The TGF-β/Smad2 pathway in kidney tissue was detected. The mechanism was verified by setting the high glucose+ ChlA+ TGF-β group in MPC-5 cells. The proliferation of the cells and DCFDA staining were detected.Results:Compared to the Ctrl group, the DN group had significantly higher UACR and kidney weight( P<0.001). High-dose ChlA reduced UACR and kidney weight( P<0.05), with no effect on blood glucose( P>0.05). Masson staining showed reduced fibrosis with ChlA treatment. Collagen I and α-SMA expressions were significantly higher in DN( P<0.001) and decreased with ChlA treatment( P<0.05). GSH-px, SOD, and CAT levels were lower in DN( P<0.001), while TGF-β was elevated( P<0.001); ChlA increased antioxidant enzymes and decreased TGF-β( P<0.05). The TGF-β/Smad2 pathway was upregulated in DN( P<0.001) and inhibited by ChlA( P<0.001). In vitro, ChlA reduced cell proliferation( P<0.05) and increased ROS levels( P<0.001). Conclusions:ChlA alleviates kidney injury and fibrosis in DN mice, reduces oxidative stress, which may be related to the inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad2 pathway.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of comprehensive reconstruction of grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ thumb and finger defects with hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flaps of great toe.Methods:This is a retrospective study. From June 2020 to December 2023, comprehensive reconstruction surgery for Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ digital defect were performed with hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flaps of great toe for 3 thumbs and 7 fingers in 9 patients in the Department of Hand and Microsurgery of Baoji Third Hospital. Causes of digital injury were: 4 of machine crush, 3 of electric saw cut, 1 of door crush, and 1 of electrical burn. There were 6 grade I digital defects (beyond the nail root) and 4 grade Ⅱ defects (last segment of digit). The defects of the digits were reconstructed by taking references of the shape and structure of the contralateral normal thumbs and fingers. Then the hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flaps of great toe were designed and harvested accordingly from the left and right great toes. Donor sites were covered by skin grafting or local dressing change. One patient was treated in emergency surgery, 6 in sub-emergency surgery and 2 in elective surgery. Integrated perioperative patient management was provided to all of the patients. Postoperative follow-ups were conducted through the visit of outpatient clinic, telephone calls or WeChat interviews. Flap survival, appearance and sensation recovery were evaluated according to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association.Results:Vascular insufficiency of 1 digit occurred in surgery, and relieved by local treatment with lidocaine and warm saline. All 10 digits successfully survived, and all donor sites healed spontaneously. The postoperative follow-up period was 10 to 30 months, with an average of 18 months. One transferred nail was found in poor appearance (not flat), the rest of the reconstructed digits were good in appearance and function. The nail, finger print and fine sensation (TPD 5~8 mm), as well as digital flexion, extension, grasping and opposition of the reconstructed digits were all good. According to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, at the last follow-up visit, 5 digits were in excellent, 4 in good and 1 in fair.Conclusion:The comprehensive reconstruction of grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ digital defects with hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flap of great toe is an ideal surgical technique that can reconstruct the nail, finger print and sensation of a digit, with good postoperative function as well as an aesthetic and realistic appearance.

Objective In order to understand the current status and influencing factors of perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge,attitude,and practice among Chinese thoracic surgery nurses,and to provide references for managers to take targeted measures to improve their pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge,attitude,and practice level.Methods From August to October 2023,a convenience sampling method and cross-sectional descriptive survey were used to anonymously survey 1 167 thoracic surgery nurses from tertiary-level A cancer specialty hospitals and tertiary-level A general hospitals in 24 provinces through the Wenjuanxing platform.A general information questionnaire and a knowledge,attitude and practice questionnaire for lung cancer perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation nurses were used,including knowledge dimension(14 items),belief dimension(6 items),and behavior dimension(14 items),totaling 34 items.Univariate analysis and linear regression multivariate analysis were used to determine the influencing factors of the knowledge,attitude and practice level of thoracic surgery nurses in perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation.Results 1 089 nurses completed the investigation.The total standard score and the dimension scores on knowledge,attitude,and behavior of the perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation questionnaire for thoracic surgery nurses were(80.45±11.84)(73.72±14.68)(89.61±11.38)and(83.46±14.48),respectively.The nature of the hospital,whether there is an administrative position,whether the department carries out ERAS,and whether they have received pulmonary rehabilitation training are the influencing factors of the perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge,attitude,and practice level of thoracic surgery nurses(P＜0.05).Conclusion The knowledge,attitude,and practice of perioperative lung rehabilitation among thoracic surgery nurses are generally at a moderate level.However,their knowledge of perioperative lung rehabilitation is relatively insufficient,and there are many influencing factors.Managers should strengthen pulmonary rehabilitation training for thoracic surgery nurses,improve their knowledge reserves and evidence conversion capabilities,and coordinate cross-integration among multidisciplinary teams to improve their knowledge,attitude and practice in perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation.

In recent years, the bacteriophage Φ29 (Phi29) DNA polymerase has garnered increasing attention due to its high-fidelity amplification capacity at constant temperatures. To advance the industrial application of this type of isothermal polymerases, this study mined and characterized new enzymes from the microbial metagenome based on the known Phi29 DNA polymerase sequence. The results revealed that a new enzyme, Php29 DNA polymerase, was identified in the microbial metagenome with plants as the hosts. This enzyme exhibited higher strand displacement activity, with a 59.5% similarity to bacteriophage Φ29. Experimental validation demonstrated that the enzyme had 3'→5' exonuclease activity, and its amplification products can serve as substrates for further catalytic reactions. The discovery and validation of Php29 DNA polymerase gives insights into the future industrial application of isothermal polymerases.
DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism* ; Bacillus Phages/genetics* ; Metagenome

Environmental Microbiology, as a compulsory foundational course for the major of environmental and ecological engineering. Its knowledge system not only lays a profound theoretical foundation but also evinces a close-knit nexus to practical applications in environmental protection and ecological restoration. This course thus serves as an outstanding platform facilitating both teaching reforms and practical innovations of professional courses. With Environmental Microbiology as a paradigmatic illustration, this paper concentrates on addressing issues like archaic course contents and enervating teaching approaches, with the aspiration of augmenting students' professional acuities, practical dexterities, and innovation and entrepreneurial aptitudes. In light of the aforesaid aim, we initiated an all-encompassing probe into the teaching reform and practicable paradigms from the perspective of amalgamating professional education with innovation-steered stratagems. Across multiple fronts, comprehensive reformative undertakings were implemented, subsuming the optimization and reconfiguration of course contents, the exploration of sundry teaching methodologies, and the scientific erection of an evaluation system. Ultimately, a nascent teaching model dubbed "three-dimensional, six-loop and five-collaborative" was formed. This series of comprehensive and innovative reform measures has not only substantially augmented the profundity and extensiveness of professional knowledge, permeating into the core of disciplinary essence, but also remarkably bolstered students' practical operational capabilities and innovative thinking patterns, thereby catalyzing their transformation into well-rounded individuals with a competitive edge. By virtue of these efforts, a solid foundation has been firmly laid for the teaching reform of Environmental Microbiology and the cultivation of high-caliber environmental professionals in the contemporary era, heralding a new chapter in the development of environmental education.
Environmental Microbiology ; Teaching ; Education, Professional/methods* ; Curriculum

Background: Epimedii Folium, first recorded in the Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing), is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) known for its effects of “benefiting Qi and strengthening the heart.” Icariside II (ICS II) is one of the main active components of Epimedii Folium, possessing cardiovascular protective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential mechanisms of ICS II on myocardial ischemia (MI) remain unclear. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects and preliminary molecular mechanisms of ICS II in treating isoproterenolinduced MI in rats. Methods: A rat model of MI was established by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, myocardial enzymes analysis, heart weight index, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, histopathology, TUNEL staining, RT-qPCR, and Western blot were employed to evaluate the effects and preliminary molecular mechanisms of ICS II on MI rats. Results: Pharmacodynamic studies suggested that ICS II inhibited ST-segment elevation in electrocardiograms, improved cardiac function, reduced heart weight index and myocardial enzyme levels, decreased myocardial infarct size, alleviated cardiac histological damage, and inhibited apoptosis, thereby exerting cardioprotective effects in MI rats. Further studies revealed that ICS II may partially inhibit the expression of NLRP3/Caspase-1 axis-related targets at both protein and mRNA levels. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that ICS II exerts anti-MI effects, and its preliminary molecular mechanisms may be related to inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3/Caspase-1 axis to alleviate inflammatory responses.

Background: Epimedii Folium, first recorded in the Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing), is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) known for its effects of “benefiting Qi and strengthening the heart.” Icariside II (ICS II) is one of the main active components of Epimedii Folium, possessing cardiovascular protective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential mechanisms of ICS II on myocardial ischemia (MI) remain unclear. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects and preliminary molecular mechanisms of ICS II in treating isoproterenolinduced MI in rats. Methods: A rat model of MI was established by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, myocardial enzymes analysis, heart weight index, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, histopathology, TUNEL staining, RT-qPCR, and Western blot were employed to evaluate the effects and preliminary molecular mechanisms of ICS II on MI rats. Results: Pharmacodynamic studies suggested that ICS II inhibited ST-segment elevation in electrocardiograms, improved cardiac function, reduced heart weight index and myocardial enzyme levels, decreased myocardial infarct size, alleviated cardiac histological damage, and inhibited apoptosis, thereby exerting cardioprotective effects in MI rats. Further studies revealed that ICS II may partially inhibit the expression of NLRP3/Caspase-1 axis-related targets at both protein and mRNA levels. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that ICS II exerts anti-MI effects, and its preliminary molecular mechanisms may be related to inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3/Caspase-1 axis to alleviate inflammatory responses.

Background: Epimedii Folium, first recorded in the Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing), is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) known for its effects of “benefiting Qi and strengthening the heart.” Icariside II (ICS II) is one of the main active components of Epimedii Folium, possessing cardiovascular protective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential mechanisms of ICS II on myocardial ischemia (MI) remain unclear. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects and preliminary molecular mechanisms of ICS II in treating isoproterenolinduced MI in rats. Methods: A rat model of MI was established by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, myocardial enzymes analysis, heart weight index, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, histopathology, TUNEL staining, RT-qPCR, and Western blot were employed to evaluate the effects and preliminary molecular mechanisms of ICS II on MI rats. Results: Pharmacodynamic studies suggested that ICS II inhibited ST-segment elevation in electrocardiograms, improved cardiac function, reduced heart weight index and myocardial enzyme levels, decreased myocardial infarct size, alleviated cardiac histological damage, and inhibited apoptosis, thereby exerting cardioprotective effects in MI rats. Further studies revealed that ICS II may partially inhibit the expression of NLRP3/Caspase-1 axis-related targets at both protein and mRNA levels. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that ICS II exerts anti-MI effects, and its preliminary molecular mechanisms may be related to inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3/Caspase-1 axis to alleviate inflammatory responses.

Objective:To explore the correlation between serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT), albumin/globulin ratio (AGR), miR-208a levels and cardiac function classification and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods:A total of 150 CHF patients who were diagnosed in the Affiliated Hospital of Yan′an University from May 2020 to May 2023 and followed up for at least 1 year were retrospectively selected as the CHF group. Eighty healthy volunteers recruited from the physical examination center were selected as the control group. The serum levels of γ-GGT, AGR and miR-208a were compared between the two groups. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification of CHF patients and whether major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred during 1-year follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors of prognosis in CHF patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of each index for adverse prognosis of patients.Results:The serum levels of γ-GGT and miR-208a in the CHF group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), while the AGR level was lower than that in the control group ( P<0.05). The serum levels of γ-GGT and miR-208a in patients with NYHA class Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in patients with class Ⅱ and Ⅲ (all P<0.05), and the AGR level was lower than that in patients with class Ⅱ and Ⅲ (all P<0.05); the serum levels of γ-GGT and miR-208a in patients with NYHA class Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in patients with class Ⅱ (all P<0.05). The serum levels of γ-GGT and miR-208a in the MACE group were significantly higher than those in the non-MACE group (all P<0.05), while the AGR level was lower than that in the non-MACE group ( P<0.05). Prolonged CHF course, NYHA classification ≥class Ⅲ, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), complicated with atrial fibrillation, increased γ-GGT, decreased AGR and increased miR-208a were independent risk factors for adverse prognosis of CHF patients (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve (AUC) of γ-GGT, AGR, miR-208a alone and in combination for predicting adverse prognosis of CHF patients were 0.631(95% CI: 0.531-0.731), 0.704(95% CI: 0.602-0.805), 0.753(95% CI: 0.657-0.849) and 0.879(95% CI: 0.818-0.941), respectively. Conclusions:Serum γ-GGT, AGR and miR-208a are closely related to NYHA classification and adverse prognosis of CHF patients. The combined application of the three indicators has important reference significance for predicting the adverse prognosis of patients.