Objective To explore the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis after interventional therapy,and to construct a nomogram prediction model accordingly.Methods The clinical data of 121 patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis,who received interventional treatment at the First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from June 1,2021 to October 31,2024,were retrospectively analyzed.The general data,characteristics of vascular lesions,treatment-related factors and prognosis of patients were collected.According to the modified Rankin scale(mRS)score,the patients were divided into good prognosis group(mRS score ≤2 points)and poor prognosis group(mRS score＞2 points).The clinical data were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify and determine independent factors affecting patient's outcomes,to construct a nomogram prediction model and to validate this model.Results Among the 121 patients,31(25.61％)had poor prognosis and 90(74.38％)had good prognosis.The postoperative 3-month mRS score was lower than preoperative mRS score value(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in hypertension history,stenosis site,stenosis degree,collateral circulation state,interventional therapeutic mode,cholesterol level,platelet count,lesion length and preoperative NIHSS score(P＜0.05)between the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group.Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension history,stenosis degree,collateral circulation status,cholesterol level,platelet count,lesion's length and preoperative NIHSS score were the independent influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis.The predicted AUC of the nomogram model was 0.931(95％ CI=0.873-0.989),and the calibration curve showed that the predicted value was in good agreement with the actual value.Conclusion Hypertension history,stenosis degree,collateral circulation status,cholesterol level,platelet count,lesion length and preoperative NIHSS score are the important influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis.The nomogram prediction model constructed in this study shows a high accuracy in predicting the prognosis of patients,and it can provide important reference for clinical decision-making.

Objective To explore the effect of Sangxing Zhike Formula in rats with cough vari-ant asthma(CVA)and its possible mechanism based on the cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)/cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR)pathway.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,dexamethasone group(0.5 mg/kg)and low-,medium-,high-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula groups(9.6,19.2 and 38.4 g/kg)using a ran-dom number table method,with 9 rats in each group.Except for the control group,CVA rat models were established in the other groups.Rats in each group were administered the drug by gavage once a day for 14 consecutive days.The general conditions of rats in each group were observed.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-18(IL-18)in rat serum.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and periodic acid-Schiff(PAS)staining were used to observe the pathological changes in rat lung and bronchial tissues,and the acid-base balance of airway surface liquid(ASL)was measured.Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)were used to detect the expression levels of pro-tein kinase A(PKA),CFTR protein and their mRNA in lung tissues of rats.Results Compared with the control group,rats in the model group showed listlessness,dull fur,slow weight gain,a significantly expanded area of alveolar septal consolidation,and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltrations around the bronchi.Compared with the model group,rats in each intervention group had better general conditions and reduced inflammatory infiltrations in lung tissues and bronchial lu-mens.Compared with the control group,the serum levels of IL-1 β and IL-18 in the model group were increased,and the pH values of ASL in the model group,low-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group,medium-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group,and high-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group were all decreased,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in each intervention group were decreased,and the pH values of ASL in the dexamethasone group,medium-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group,and high-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group were increased,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the expressions of PKA protein and PKA mRNA in the model group,low-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group,and medium-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group were all decreased,and the expressions of CFTR protein and CFTR mRNA in the model group and each intervention group were all decreased,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the expressions of PKA protein and PKA mRNA in the dexametha-sone group and high-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group were increased,and the expressions of CFTR protein and CFTR mRNA in the high-dose Sangxing Zhike Formula group were increased,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sangxing Zhike Formula can im-prove the general conditions of CVA rats,regulate the acid-base balance of ASL,reduce airway in-flammatory cell infiltration andairway remodeling,and decrease the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18.Its mechanism may be related to the cAMP/CFTR pathway.

Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common pediatric disease with unclear pathogenesis.The prevailing hypothesis is that NE is caused by a discrepancy between nocturnal urine output and bladder capacity and sleep-wake disturbances.Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) with nocturnal polyuria is a common subtype of NE, which can be effectively treated by Desmopressin.However, it is possible that some children may demonstrate an inability to respond favorably to this form of therapy and become resistant to it, which significantly impacts their physical and mental health and overall quality of life.In this article, recent advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of Desmopressin-resistant MNE with nocturnal polyuria in children were reviewed to provide a reference for its treatment.

Objective:To explore the impact of various fixatives on the nuclear-cytoplasmic localization of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in human corneal epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress condition.Methods:Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells were divided into control group and hypertonic group.After 1 day of normal culture, cells of the hypertonic group were exposed to hyperosmotic medium at 450 mOsM by adding sodium chloride for 1 hour.No special treatment was given to the control group.Both groups of cells were fixed with four different fixatives, including 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), -20 ℃ precooled absolute ethanol, -20 ℃ precooled methanol-acetone 1∶1 mixture, and Zamboni fixative solution for 20 minutes.Subsequent to fixation, immunofluorescent staining procedures were performed to identify the intracellular localization of YAP in the two groups.Results:After fixation with 4% PFA, human corneal epithelial cells showed normal morphology with YAP mainly in the nucleus in both groups, and there was no significant difference in the mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity between the two groups ( t=1.803, P=0.121).After fixation with absolute ethanol, cells showed some degree of shrinkage and deformation, diffuse YAP fluorescence staining with YAP-positive signals mainly localized in the cytoplasm in both groups, and the mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity was slightly decreased in the hypertonic group compared with the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( t=0.803, P=0.453).After fixation with methanol-acetone 1∶1 mixture, cells were crenulated with YAP mainly in the cytoplasm, and the mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity in the hypertonic group was slightly decreased compared with the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( t=1.067, P=0.327).After fixation with Zamboni solution, the cell structure was complete and clearly outlined, and the YAP nucleoplasmic translocation phenomenon could be clearly observed in cells in different states.The mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity in the hypertonic group was 197.5±34.5, which was significantly higher than 62.2±10.0 in the control group ( t=7.530, P<0.001). Conclusions:In the immunofluorescence staining experiment, the nucleoplasmic localization of YAP in corneal epithelial cells is affected by different fixative treatments.Zamboni fixative is better than 4% PFA, absolute ethanol, and methanol-acetone 1∶1 mixture in observing nuclear translocation of YAP after hypertonic stimulation.

Objective:To explore the impact of various fixatives on the nuclear-cytoplasmic localization of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in human corneal epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress condition.Methods:Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells were divided into control group and hypertonic group.After 1 day of normal culture, cells of the hypertonic group were exposed to hyperosmotic medium at 450 mOsM by adding sodium chloride for 1 hour.No special treatment was given to the control group.Both groups of cells were fixed with four different fixatives, including 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), -20 ℃ precooled absolute ethanol, -20 ℃ precooled methanol-acetone 1∶1 mixture, and Zamboni fixative solution for 20 minutes.Subsequent to fixation, immunofluorescent staining procedures were performed to identify the intracellular localization of YAP in the two groups.Results:After fixation with 4% PFA, human corneal epithelial cells showed normal morphology with YAP mainly in the nucleus in both groups, and there was no significant difference in the mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity between the two groups ( t=1.803, P=0.121).After fixation with absolute ethanol, cells showed some degree of shrinkage and deformation, diffuse YAP fluorescence staining with YAP-positive signals mainly localized in the cytoplasm in both groups, and the mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity was slightly decreased in the hypertonic group compared with the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( t=0.803, P=0.453).After fixation with methanol-acetone 1∶1 mixture, cells were crenulated with YAP mainly in the cytoplasm, and the mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity in the hypertonic group was slightly decreased compared with the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( t=1.067, P=0.327).After fixation with Zamboni solution, the cell structure was complete and clearly outlined, and the YAP nucleoplasmic translocation phenomenon could be clearly observed in cells in different states.The mean nuclear YAP fluorescence intensity in the hypertonic group was 197.5±34.5, which was significantly higher than 62.2±10.0 in the control group ( t=7.530, P<0.001). Conclusions:In the immunofluorescence staining experiment, the nucleoplasmic localization of YAP in corneal epithelial cells is affected by different fixative treatments.Zamboni fixative is better than 4% PFA, absolute ethanol, and methanol-acetone 1∶1 mixture in observing nuclear translocation of YAP after hypertonic stimulation.

Due to physiological and metabolic characteristics and disease characteristics being different from adults, such as the high incidence of infectious diseases, children are at a high-risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) related to anti-bacterial agents, and there were many challenges in prevention and treatment. The hot issues in the research of anti-bacterial agent-related AKI in children, including the study of nephrotoxicity mechanism of anti-bacterial agents, the exploration of early biomarkers, and the optimization of treatment strategies, are expounded in this article. In the future, it is recommended to strengthen researches on child specificity, deepen basic researches, optimize monitoring plans for pediatric treatment drugs, and establish a pediatric drug monitoring system, so as to provide references for rational clinical drug use of the anti-bacterial agents and further researches on AKI.

Due to physiological and metabolic characteristics and disease characteristics being different from adults, such as the high incidence of infectious diseases, children are at a high-risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) related to anti-bacterial agents, and there were many challenges in prevention and treatment. The hot issues in the research of anti-bacterial agent-related AKI in children, including the study of nephrotoxicity mechanism of anti-bacterial agents, the exploration of early biomarkers, and the optimization of treatment strategies, are expounded in this article. In the future, it is recommended to strengthen researches on child specificity, deepen basic researches, optimize monitoring plans for pediatric treatment drugs, and establish a pediatric drug monitoring system, so as to provide references for rational clinical drug use of the anti-bacterial agents and further researches on AKI.

Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common pediatric disease with unclear pathogenesis.The prevailing hypothesis is that NE is caused by a discrepancy between nocturnal urine output and bladder capacity and sleep-wake disturbances.Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) with nocturnal polyuria is a common subtype of NE, which can be effectively treated by Desmopressin.However, it is possible that some children may demonstrate an inability to respond favorably to this form of therapy and become resistant to it, which significantly impacts their physical and mental health and overall quality of life.In this article, recent advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of Desmopressin-resistant MNE with nocturnal polyuria in children were reviewed to provide a reference for its treatment.

Tooth extraction is a common and widely employed therapeutic procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery.Minimally invasive tooth extraction can reduce both physical and psychological trauma to the patients,and is widely recommended as a first-line clinical treatment.But currently no guidelines or consensus has been available to provide a systematic introduction of minimally invasive tooth extraction to guide the clinical practices.To address this issue,this consensus,based on a comprehensive literature review and clinical experiences of experts,systematically summarizes the indications,target patients,and contraindications of minimally invasive tooth extraction,the overall workflow of this procedure(preoperative preparation,surgical steps,postoperative management,postoperative instructions,medications,and follow-up),and its common postoperative complications to provide a comprehensive guidance for clinical application of this technique.

Objective:To analyze the depressive symptoms of physical and mental workers and the impact of their behavior and lifestyle on their depressive symptoms.Methods:In August 2022, a cross-sectional study design was adopted to select 553 workers as research subjects using cluster sampling. General demographic information, health-related behaviors and lifestyles were collected, and their depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). The differences in general demographic information, health-related behaviors and lifestyles between physical and mental workers were analyzed, and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms in occupational populations.Results:Among the 553 subjects, 317 were physical workers (57.32%) and 236 were mental workers (42.68%). Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of education level, monthly income, smoking rate, regular physical exercise rate and appropriate sleep time rate ( P<0.05). The score and the detection rate of depression symptoms among physical workers were (9.67±2.75) points and 20.82% (66/317), respectively, which were higher than those of mental workers [(8.34±2.18) points, 12.71% (30/236) ] ( t=6.13, χ 2=6.20, P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, regular physical exercise, appropriate sleep time and mental work were influencing factors of depressive symptoms among the occupational population ( OR=1.592, 95% CI: 1.316-1.825; OR=0.659, 95% CI: 0.416-0.830; OR=0.502, 95% CI: 0.257-0.717; OR=0.839, 95% CI: 0.522-0.967; P<0.05) . Conclusion:The depressive symptoms of physical workers are more serious than those of mental workers. Low education level, not frequently participating in physical exercise, smoking and sleep disorder are potential risk factors that affect the depressive symptoms of the occupational population.