Objective:To translate the Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients into Chinese and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:Based on the Brislin translation model, the scale was forward-translated, back-translated, cross-culturally adapted, and pretested to develop the Chinese version of the Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 220 adolescent inpatients with moyamoya disease from the Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, between January 2023 and December 2024. Reliability and validity analyses were conducted on the scale.Results:A total of 220 questionnaires were distributed, and 206 valid questionnaires were returned, yielding a valid response rate of 93.64%. The Chinese version of the scale comprised 12 items. The item-level content validity index ranged from 0.875 to 1.000, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.917. Exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors: treatment implementation for moyamoya disease, health-promoting behaviors for moyamoya disease, and health coping behaviors for moyamoya disease, with a cumulative variance contribution of 69.741%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the overall model fit was acceptable. The Cronbach's α coefficient for the total scale was 0.872, with subscale Cronbach's α coefficients ranging from 0.810 to 0.871. The test-retest reliability coefficient for the total scale was 0.983, and the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.766.Conclusions:The Chinese version of the Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients demonstrated good reliability and validity and can be used as an assessment tool for health behaviors in this patient population.

Objective:To translate the Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients into Chinese and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:Based on the Brislin translation model, the scale was forward-translated, back-translated, cross-culturally adapted, and pretested to develop the Chinese version of the Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 220 adolescent inpatients with moyamoya disease from the Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, between January 2023 and December 2024. Reliability and validity analyses were conducted on the scale.Results:A total of 220 questionnaires were distributed, and 206 valid questionnaires were returned, yielding a valid response rate of 93.64%. The Chinese version of the scale comprised 12 items. The item-level content validity index ranged from 0.875 to 1.000, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.917. Exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors: treatment implementation for moyamoya disease, health-promoting behaviors for moyamoya disease, and health coping behaviors for moyamoya disease, with a cumulative variance contribution of 69.741%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the overall model fit was acceptable. The Cronbach's α coefficient for the total scale was 0.872, with subscale Cronbach's α coefficients ranging from 0.810 to 0.871. The test-retest reliability coefficient for the total scale was 0.983, and the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.766.Conclusions:The Chinese version of the Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients demonstrated good reliability and validity and can be used as an assessment tool for health behaviors in this patient population.

Pulmonary siderosis caused by iron and its compound dust is prone to misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis due to its insidious exposure pathways and non-specific imaging manifestations. This study analyzes the occupational histories and clinical data of six patients with occupational pulmonary siderosis diagnosed at Qingdao Central Hospital between January 2017 and December 2023, summarizes its characteristics, and evaluates the value of AI-assisted diagnosis. All six patients were male, with five being welders. The median dust exposure duration was 9.4 years, and the median latency period was 8.4 years. The main symptoms were chest tightness, cough, and shortness of breath. High-kilovolt chest radiographs were negative in four cases and showed thickened bronchovascular markings in two cases. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed centrilobular nodules and tree-in-bud opacities in all cases. Pulmonary siderosis caused by iron and its compound dust is characterized by mild symptoms and a favorable prognosis. Comprehensive assessment and HRCT are crucial for early diagnosis. The development of AI models could enhance diagnostic recognition efficiency and promote precision diagnosis in the future.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect of Sanhan Huashi Formula(SHF)on respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)-infected mouse models and explore its potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory mechanisms using lipidomics.METHODS Fifty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups(n=9):blank group,model group,Ribavirin group(50 mg·kg-1·d-1),and SHF high(15.46 g·kg-1·d-1),medium(7.73 g·kg-1·d-1),and low-dose(3.87 g·kg-1·d-1)groups.A pneumonia model was established by in-tranasal RSV infection,followed by three consecutive days of oral gavage administration.Lung tissues were collected for histopathologi-cal evaluation using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and inflammation scoring.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was performed to measure mRNA levels of viral gene fusion protein(F),glycoprotein(G),and inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)to assess lung viral load and inflammation,while immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the expression of RSV-F protein in lung tissues.Serum lipidomics analysis was conducted using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q Exactive Or-bitrap MS)to identify lipid metabolism changes and differential lipids.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,mice in the model group exhibited marked pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue injury,with significantly elevated pulmonary histopa-thology scores and lung index.The lung viral load and the mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased,and immunofluorescence likewise indicated high expression of RSV-F protein in lung tissue.Relative to the model group,treatment with SHF at all tested doses clearly ameliorated lung tissue injury,effectively suppressed viral gene expression and inflammatory cytokine levels,and reduced the fluorescence signal intensity of RSV-F protein in the lungs.Lipidomics analysis re-vealed that compared with the blank group,the model group exhibited marked disturbances in lipid metabolism-characterized by dys-regulation of triacylglycerol(TG),phosphatidylcholine(PC),lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC),sphingomyelin(SM),diacylglycerol(DG),lysophosphatidylethanolamine(LPE),and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE).High-dose SHF treatment reversed these RSV-induced lipid abnormalities.CONCLUSION SHF effectively alleviates RSV-induced pulmonary inflammation and pathological injury,re-duces pulmonary RSV viral load,and may exert these effects by modulating dysregulated lipid metabolism in peripheral blood.

The high pathogenicity and mortality of respiratory viral infections pose a significant clinical burden.Due to the high de-gree of variability of viral proteins,some current targeted drugs are highly susceptible to drug resistance,and there is an urgent need for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.Glycoconjugates are widely distributed in hosts and viruses,and participate in host-virus interactions,viral replication,innate and adaptive immunity,etc.Aberrant glycosylation is involved in the pathogenesis of a vari-ety of diseases,and anti-respiratory viral strategies targeting glycosylation have the advantages of high specificity,low drug resistance,and broad-spectrum.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have shown unique potential in intervening in glycosylation-related antiviral fields due to their multi-target regulatory properties.The aim of this paper is to focus on the biological functions of glycosylation modifications,the research progress of virus infection and potential TCM monomers targeting glycosylation,which not only reveals the scientific connotation of TCM regulation of glycosylation,but also provides a natural molecular library for the development of novel antiviral strategies based on glycosylation intervention.In the future,it is necessary to further combine the tech-niques of glycomics and structural biology to elucidate the precise mechanism of spatial and temporal dynamics of TCM monomers in regulating glycosylation,and to promote the modernization of TCM.

Background Diseases severely affect the efficiency of workers. Comorbidity refers to the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases or health problems in the same individual. Previous studies have primarily focused on occupational injuries caused by environmental exposures, while the analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of self-reported diseases and occupational injuries among manufacturing workers has been insufficient. Objective To analyze the distribution of self-reported diseases and occupational injuries among manufacturing workers, the strength of correlation between different diseases, and common disease combinations, and to preliminarily explore the relationship between self-reported diseases and occupational injuries. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the occupational injuries of 2382 workers in 2 manufacturing enterprises over the past year, and 2355 questionnaires were valid after cleaning. The questionnaire included three parts: basic information, occupational injury occurrence, and disease prevalence. The self-reported diseases diagnosed by physicians included musculoskeletal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, mental health problems, neurological and sensory organ diseases, digestive organ diseases, reproductive and urinary organ diseases, skin diseases, tumors, endocrine and metabolic system diseases, blood diseases and birth defects, a total of 11 types. Log-binomial model was used to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) value of the association between different diseases, and UpSet diagram was used to present the disease combination pattern. Results In total, 40.2% (946/2355) of the study participants reported at least one disease, while 8.6% (203/2355), 5.2% (122/2355), and 5.9% (140/2355) reported having two, three, and four or more diseases, respectively. A higher prevalence was observed for musculoskeletal diseases, neurological and sensory organ diseases, digestive organ diseases, and skin diseases, which accounted for 18.0% (423/2355), 13.8% (324/2355), 9.3% (218/2355), and 9.1% (214/2355), respectively. Workers with musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or neurological and sensory organ diseases reported significantly higher incidence of occupational injuries compared with workers without the corresponding diseases (P<0.001, P=0.041, and P=0.006, respectively). Musculoskeletal diseases were strongly associated with comorbidities of neurological and sensory organ diseases (PR values were 1.86 and 1.98, respectively), and the other patters were musculoskeletal diseases and digestive organ diseases (PR and OR values were 1.57 and 2.35, respectively), and musculoskeletal diseases and cardiovascular diseases (PR and OR values were 1.46 and 2.22, respectively). The largest binomial comorbidity group involved musculoskeletal diseases and neurological and sensory organ diseases, accounting for 5.4% (25/465) of the comorbid workers. Conclusion Among the self-reported diseases of manufacturing workers, musculoskeletal diseases, neurological and sensory organ diseases, digestive organ diseases, and skin diseases are more common. Musculoskeletal diseases and neurological and sensory organ diseases are the most common in all comorbidities. Musculoskeletal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological and sensory organ diseases are associated with occupational injuries. In the prevention and control of occupational injuries, joint prevention strategies targeting multiple diseases should be strengthened.

BACKGROUND:Crosslinked sodium hyaluronate gel has good mechanical property,biocompatibility,and biodegradability,and can be used as an isolated protective material in tumor radiation therapy to protect endangered organs from damage caused by excess radiation dose. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety and efficacy of crosslinked sodium hyaluronate gel in reducing the dose of radiation to dangerous organs during brachytherapy. METHODS:A total of 16 specific pathogen-free Kunming mice of the same age and similar body weight were selected as experimental subjects and divided into experimental group and control group by the random number table method,with 8 mice in each group.125I seeds were implanted subcutaneously in the back of mice in the experimental group,and then crosslinked sodium hyaluronate gel was injected around the radioactive particles.Only 125I seeds were implanted subcutaneously in the back of mice in the control group.After injection,the distance between the radioactive particles and the epidermis was measured by spiral CT scan,and the surface radiation dose was measured by radiation dosimeter.Within 10 weeks after injection,the growth state,survival rate,skin radiation damage,and gel retention of mice were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Spiral CT scan showed that the implanted gel was relatively concentrated and created an effective distance between the radioactive seeds and the epidermis.The body surface radiation dose of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).(2)During the experimental observation period,mice in both groups survived;mice in the control group showed obvious irritability and other unstable behavior in the late experimental period,and some mice in the experimental group showed similar behavior.The daily food intake of mice in the two groups had no significant change,and the body mass showed the same increasing trend.After implantation of radioactive seeds,the two groups of mice showed different degrees of radioactive skin injury.From day 23 after injection to the end of the experiment,the skin radiation injury score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).At week 10 after implantation,6 mice in the experimental group had no obvious gel residue under their skin,and 2 mice had a very small amount of scattered gel-like samples under their skin.(3)Therefore,the crosslinked sodium hyaluronate injection technique can increase the space between the radioactive target area of 125I seeds and the organ at risk outside the target through physical space occupying,which can effectively reduce the dose of the organ at risk,and play a role in the isolation and protection of the organ at risk.

Objective:To investigate the overall drug resistance, drug resistance trend and distribution of drug resistance mutation sites in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with antiviral therapy failure in Yunnan Province.Methods:The demographic data and genotype drug resistance of HIV/AIDS population with antiviral therapy failure in Yunnan Province from January 2021 to December 2023 were collected and analyzed by cross-sectional investigation. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square test.Results:Among 15 159 HIV/AIDS patients, 12 215 cases tested positive by amplification. The circulating recombinant form (CRF) 08_BC was the predominant genetic subtype, accounting for 54.97%(6 714/12 215), followed by CRF01_AE (16.14%(1 972/12 215)) and CRF07_BC (14.48% (1 769/12 215)). When the viral load was ≥200 to <1 000 copies/mL, the incidence of drug resistance was 21.48%(99/461). When it was ≥1 000 to <10 000 copies/mL, the incidence was 51.29%(2 867/5 590). When it was ≥10 000 to <100 000 copies/mL, the incidence was 69.39% (3 979/5 734). When it was ≥100 000 copies/mL, the incidence was 81.86%(352/430). A total of 7 297 drug resistant cases were detected, with a drug resistance rate of 59.74% (7 297/12 215), thus the estimated drug resistance incidence rate among the antiviral treated population in Yunnan Province was 2.00% (7 297/364 238). From 2021 to 2023, the annual drug resistance rates among patients were 60.71%(2 554/4 207), 60.28%(1 671/2 772), and 58.67% (3 072/5 236), respectively, with no statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.47, P=0.107). Among the population with antiviral therapy failure, the drug resistance rates of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), and protease inhibitor (PI) were 93.70%(6 837/7 297), 44.10%(3 218/7 297) and 5.15%(376/7 297), respectively. The mutation sites with the highest frequencies among the three classes of drugs including NRTI, NNRTI and PI were M184V/I (46.13%(2 123/4 602)), K103N/S (37.14%(2 648/7 129)), L33F (15.50%(82/529)) and M46I/L (15.50%(82/529)), respectively. Analysis of the degree of drug resistance showed that among NNRTI drugs, nevirapine (49.01%(5 987/12 215)) and efavirenz (48.00%(5 863/12 215)) had the highest drug resistance rates, followed by emtricitabine (23.59%(2 882/12 215)) and lamivudine (23.58%(2 881/12 215)) among NRTI drugs. Conclusions:Among HIV/AIDS patients with antiviral therapy failure in Yunnan Province from 2021 to 2023, CRF08_BC is the main genetic subtype. The drug resistance rate of patients increases with the increase of HIV-1 viral load. There is no significant change in the drug resistance rate from 2021 to 2023. NNRTI has the highest drug resistance rate, followed by NRTI, and PI has the lowest. The main mutation sites are M184V/I for NRTI, K103N/S for NNRTI, and M46I/L and L33F for PI. The drug resistance rates of nevirapine, efavirenz, emtricitabine and lamivudine are relatively high.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between terminal soft tissue infection of the diabetic foot and glucose and lipid metabolism as well as inflammatory factors.Methods:A total of 126 patients with diabetes mellitus combined with foot-soft tissue infections, who hospitalized in our hospital from March 2018 to February 2023 were divided into mild group (46 cases), moderate group (43 cases) and severe infections group (37 cases) according to the degree of foot-soft tissue infection before treatment. The glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors of patients among the different groups were compared, and the effects of glycolysis and lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors on the soft tissue infection at the end of diabetic foot were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Patients were treated with antimicrobial therapy and other treatments. After 2 weeks of anti-infective treatment, if three consecutive cultures of secretions were negative for bacteria, antibiotic therapy was discontinued and glucose-lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors after treatment were compared. Patients were followed up for 1 year, and the changes in glucose-lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors were observed in toe or limb amputations group ( n=38) and non-toe or limb amputations group ( n=88). Results:Before treatment, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), free fatty acids (FFA), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin typeA1c (HbA 1c), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), C reactive protein (CRP,) tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the mild group were significantly lower than those in the moderate and severe group, and the adiponectin (APN) level was significantly higher than that in the moderate and severe group (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that FFA, FPG, FINS, APN, VCAM-1, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were risk factors of terminal soft tissue infection ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of TC, LDL-C, FFA, FPG, FINS, HbA1c, VCAM-1, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, and the APN was significantly increased (all P<0.05). The levels of TC, LDL-C, FFA, FPG, FINS, HbA1c, VCAM-1, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 were significantly higher in the toe/limb amputation group than in the non-toe/limb amputation group, and the APN levels were significantly lower in the toe/limb amputation group than in the non-toe/limb amputation group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:There is a close relationship between glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors and terminal soft tissue infection of the diabetic foot.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect of Sanhan Huashi Formula(SHF)on respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)-infected mouse models and explore its potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory mechanisms using lipidomics.METHODS Fifty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups(n=9):blank group,model group,Ribavirin group(50 mg·kg-1·d-1),and SHF high(15.46 g·kg-1·d-1),medium(7.73 g·kg-1·d-1),and low-dose(3.87 g·kg-1·d-1)groups.A pneumonia model was established by in-tranasal RSV infection,followed by three consecutive days of oral gavage administration.Lung tissues were collected for histopathologi-cal evaluation using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and inflammation scoring.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was performed to measure mRNA levels of viral gene fusion protein(F),glycoprotein(G),and inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)to assess lung viral load and inflammation,while immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the expression of RSV-F protein in lung tissues.Serum lipidomics analysis was conducted using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q Exactive Or-bitrap MS)to identify lipid metabolism changes and differential lipids.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,mice in the model group exhibited marked pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue injury,with significantly elevated pulmonary histopa-thology scores and lung index.The lung viral load and the mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased,and immunofluorescence likewise indicated high expression of RSV-F protein in lung tissue.Relative to the model group,treatment with SHF at all tested doses clearly ameliorated lung tissue injury,effectively suppressed viral gene expression and inflammatory cytokine levels,and reduced the fluorescence signal intensity of RSV-F protein in the lungs.Lipidomics analysis re-vealed that compared with the blank group,the model group exhibited marked disturbances in lipid metabolism-characterized by dys-regulation of triacylglycerol(TG),phosphatidylcholine(PC),lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC),sphingomyelin(SM),diacylglycerol(DG),lysophosphatidylethanolamine(LPE),and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE).High-dose SHF treatment reversed these RSV-induced lipid abnormalities.CONCLUSION SHF effectively alleviates RSV-induced pulmonary inflammation and pathological injury,re-duces pulmonary RSV viral load,and may exert these effects by modulating dysregulated lipid metabolism in peripheral blood.