ObjectiveTo explore the effect of respiratory training based on core stabilization training on lumbar disc herniation. MethodsFrom January, 2023 to October, 2024, 96 patients with lumbar disc herniation admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were divided into control group (n = 32), core group (n = 32) and respiratory group (n = 32). All the groups underwent conventional rehabilitation therapy, with core stabilization training in the core group and respiratory training combined with core stabilization training in the respiratory group, additionally, for four weeks. Before and after training, the scores of Visual Analogue Scale, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) were compared, the average electromyographic value (AEMG) and root mean square (RMS) value of the multifidus and transversus abdominis were detected by surface electromyography (sEMG); and the thickness of the multifidus and transversus abdominis were measured by musculoskeletal ultrasonography bilaterally. ResultsThe intra-group effect (F > 597.796, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 16.535, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 49.622, P < 0.001) were significant in the scores of VAS, JOA and ODI; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.05), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 7971.631, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 177.760, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 478.771, P < 0.001) were significant in the thickness of the transversus abdominis and multifidus; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 144303.007, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 1495.458, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 3121.361, P < 0.001) were significant in the RMS of the multifidus and transversus abdominis; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 1890.532, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 607.132, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 824.923, P < 0.001) were significant in the AEMG of the multifidus and transversus abdominis; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). ConclusionCore training combined with respiratory training can more effectively reduce pain and improve dysfunction by enhancing the strength and control of the core muscles， thus improving the quality of life of patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Objective:To explore the optimal age cutoff for diagnosis and the prognosis of early-onset gastric cancer in young patients.Methods:Clinicopathological data of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma aged ≤45 years who had undergone radical gastrectomy in the Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from January 2013 to December 2018 were retrospectively collected. Patients with distant metastases, other malignant tumors, combined organ resection, gastric stump cancer, positive margin, and incomplete clinical or follow-up data were excluded. X-tile software analysis of the actual overall survival of the collected cases yielded an optimal cut-off of 32 years. Accordingly, the enrolled cases were divided into an early-onset young group (age ≤32 years) and young adult group (age >32 years). Clinicopathological characteristics, long-term survival, and postoperative recurrence were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify the factors affecting the prognosis of young patients with gastric cancer.Results:The study cohort comprised 462 patients, including 256 (55.4%) women, 419 (90.7%) with middle and lower gastric cancers, and 343 (74.2%) with poorly differentiated tumors. There were 101 patients in the early-onset young group and 361 in the young adult group. These groups did not differ significantly in terms of sex, body mass index, tumor location, tumor size, surgical procedure, neurovascular invasion, or tumor stage (all P>0.05). The proportion of patients with poorly differentiated tumors in the early-onset young group was significantly higher than that in the young adult group (89.1%[90/101] vs. 70.1%[253/361], χ 2=15.26, P<0.001). All study patients completed 5 years of follow-up, the median duration of which was 101 months (61-133 months). Death or tumor recurrence occurred in 151 patients (32.7%), in 118 of whom the sites of recurrence and metastasis could be identified, 38 in the early-onset young group and 80 in the young adult group. Fifty-five (46.6%) patients developed peritoneal metastases and 40 (33.9%) hematogenous metastases. In the early-onset young group, 20 patients developed peritoneal metastases, 11 hematogenous metastases, five distant lymph node metastases, and two local recurrence. In the young adult group, 35 patients developed peritoneal metastases, 29 hematogenous metastases, six local recurrences, and 10 distant lymph node metastases. The 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were significantly higher in the young adult group than in the early-onset young group (73.7% vs. 57.4%, P=0.002 and 70.6% vs. 55.4%, P=0.004, respectively). Cox multivariate analysis showed that age >32 years (HR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.43-0.90, P=0.012) was an independent protective factor for overall survival, whereas later N stage (HR=1.67, 95%CI:1.09-2.57, P=0.018) was an independent risk factor for overall survival after surgery ( P<0.05). Age >32 years (HR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.41-0.86, P=0.006) was also an independent protective factor for disease-free survival, whereas later N stage was an independent risk factor (HR=1.69, 95%CI: 1.08-2.64, P=0.021). Conclusion:Young patients with early-onset gastric cancer aged ≤32 years have worse tumor differentiation and prognosis.

Osteoarthritis(OA),a common age-related chronic disease,is characterized by degenerative changes in the joints and surrounding tissues.Traditionally,research on OA has primarily focused on the pathological changes in articular cartilage and its repair.However,with the advancements in animal disease modeling in recent years,especially the widespread use of spatiotemporally specific transgenic mouse models,scholars have gradually come to realize that the subchondral bone also plays an important role in the occurrence and development of OA.That is,the pathological changes in articular cartilage and bone mutually affect and promote each other,jointly driving the progression of OA,involving such pathological processes as vascular invasion,ectopic calcification,nerve growth,and the occurrence of pain.Given the complexity of cartilage-bone pathological relationship,it is difficult to conduct in-depth research on subchondral bone pathology using clinical human samples,or to simulate the pathological processes of OA through in vitro cell experiments.Therefore,animal models play an irreplaceable role in investigating the pathological mechanisms of OA and developing clinical drugs.This review,in addition to providing an overview of OA animal models,synthesizes the latest progress in animal experimental research on OA,highlighting the active role of the cartilage-bone pathological relationship in OA progression.These new findings provide references for future in-depth investigations and also provide a theoretical basis for developing fundamental strategies for OA prevention and treatment.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of transcranial combined peripheral magnetic stimu-lation on bladder and voiding ability in patients with NB after spinal cord injury.Methods From September 2023 to October 2024,60 patients with NB after spinal cord injury were chosen from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University,and were separated into the regular group(n=15),M1 area stimulation group(n=15),sacral nerve root stimulation group(n=15),and combined stimulation group(n=15).The control group underwent conventional rehabilitation treatment,the M1 area stimu-lation group added repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)of the M1 area of the motor cortex,the sacral nerve root stimulation group added repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation(rPMS)of the sacral 3 nerve roots,and the co-stimulation group added rTMS of the M1 area and rPMS of the sacral 3 nerve roots,and the treat-ment was carried out for 4 weeks in total.Urodynamic indices,voiding diaries,and neurogenic bladder symptom scores(NBSS)were assessed before and after therapy in the four groups.Results Before therapy,the differences in maximum bladder capacity,bladder capacity at the time of the first urge to urinate,maximum urine flow rate,residual urine volume,average number of urination per day,average daily urinary output,and NBSS scores of the four groups were not statistically significant when compared with those of the pre-treatment group(P<0.05);after treatment,the maximum bladder capacity,bladder capacity at the time of the first urge to urinate,maximum urine flow rate,residual urine volume,average number of urination per day,average daily urinary output,and NBSS scores were all improved compared with those before treatment(P<0.05);in comparison between the groups,after treatment,the Urodynamic indices,voiding diaries,and NBSS scores of the combined group were better than those of the other three groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Transcranial combined peripheral bidirectional feedback magnetic stimulation therapy can improve urodynamic and voiding symptoms and promote the recovery of bladder and voiding function in patients with NB after spinal cord injury

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of transcranial combined peripheral magnetic stimu-lation on bladder and voiding ability in patients with NB after spinal cord injury.Methods From September 2023 to October 2024,60 patients with NB after spinal cord injury were chosen from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University,and were separated into the regular group(n=15),M1 area stimulation group(n=15),sacral nerve root stimulation group(n=15),and combined stimulation group(n=15).The control group underwent conventional rehabilitation treatment,the M1 area stimu-lation group added repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)of the M1 area of the motor cortex,the sacral nerve root stimulation group added repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation(rPMS)of the sacral 3 nerve roots,and the co-stimulation group added rTMS of the M1 area and rPMS of the sacral 3 nerve roots,and the treat-ment was carried out for 4 weeks in total.Urodynamic indices,voiding diaries,and neurogenic bladder symptom scores(NBSS)were assessed before and after therapy in the four groups.Results Before therapy,the differences in maximum bladder capacity,bladder capacity at the time of the first urge to urinate,maximum urine flow rate,residual urine volume,average number of urination per day,average daily urinary output,and NBSS scores of the four groups were not statistically significant when compared with those of the pre-treatment group(P<0.05);after treatment,the maximum bladder capacity,bladder capacity at the time of the first urge to urinate,maximum urine flow rate,residual urine volume,average number of urination per day,average daily urinary output,and NBSS scores were all improved compared with those before treatment(P<0.05);in comparison between the groups,after treatment,the Urodynamic indices,voiding diaries,and NBSS scores of the combined group were better than those of the other three groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Transcranial combined peripheral bidirectional feedback magnetic stimulation therapy can improve urodynamic and voiding symptoms and promote the recovery of bladder and voiding function in patients with NB after spinal cord injury

Atherosclerosis and its complications are one of the diseases with the highest incidence and mortality in the world,and its early diagnosis and treatment are very important.At present,a variety of physiological and biochemical indicators have been used to diagnose atherosclerosis.However,the accuracy and ease of use of existing diagnostic indi-cators still cannot meet the clinical needs,and new,reliable and easy to measure biomarkers for early diagnosis and judg-ment of atherosclerosis and the risk of serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events caused by atherosclerosis are still very scarce.This article summarized the latest research progress of biomarkers related to atherosclerosis,such as hematol-ogy,genetics and omics,in order to provide basis for early diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis and related cardiovas-cular and cerebrovascular diseases induced by atherosclerosis.

Objective:To investigate the intervention effect of five elements music of traditional Chinese medicine and western classical music on the sleep quality of stroke patients, and to compare the difference between the two, to provide a reference for the clinical care measures to improve the sleep quality of stroke patients.Methods:By adopting a randomized controlled trial, 75 stroke patients who were hospitalized in the rehabilitation hospital of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2022 to July 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method as the study subjects, and the patients were randomly divided the conventional treatment group, the five-element music group, and the classical music group according to the method of randomized numerical table with 25 cases in each group. On the basis of general treatment, the conventional treatment group took sleep health education, the five elements music group were given five-element music intervention based on conventional treatment, and the classical music group were given classical music intervention based on conventional treatment. The changes of Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and polysomnography (PSG) examination parameters in the 3 groups were compared.Results:There were 2 cases of shedding in the conventional treatment group, and 23 cases were finally included, 15 males and 8 females, aged (54.02 ± 7.80) years; there were no cases of shedding in the five-element music group, and 25 cases were finally included, 12 males and 13 females, aged (53.69 ± 6.02) years; and there was 1 case of shedding in the classical music group, and 24 cases were finally included, 10 males and 14 females, aged (52.34 ± 7.08) years. Comparison of AIS, PSQI and PSG scores among the 3 groups of patients before intervention showed no statistically significant differences (all P>0.05). After the intervention, the AIS scores and PSQI scores of the 3 groups were (9.48 ± 1.53) and (12.22 ± 2.94), (6.76 ± 1.36) and (7.64 ± 2.08), (7.46 ± 1.38) and (10.33 ± 2.82), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=23.21, 18.44, both P<0.05). PSG sleep structure parameters showed that the total sleep time, REM latency time and sleep efficiency of the patients in the five-element music group after the intervention were (399.89 ± 51.76) min, (136.26 ± 25.36) min, (78.87 ± 8.21)%, higher than (368.45 ± 47.88) min, (124.46 ± 26.25) min, (73.36 ± 7.86)% in the classical music group and (345.48 ± 38.69) min, (111.37 ± 23.23) min, (69.44 ± 7.88)% in the conventional treatment group, and the differences between three groups were statistically significant ( F=8.27, 5.93, and 8.49, all P<0.05); the sleep latency time, awakening time, and number of awakenings in the five-element music group were (28.86 ± 17.68) min, (54.37 ± 25.15) min, and (2.72 ± 1.19) times, respectively, which were lower than those in the classical music group (35.67 ± 16.99) min, (64.28 ± 29.34) min, and (3.67 ± 1.12) times and (42.38 ± 18.96) min, (78.38 ± 37.26) min, (4.87 ± 1.46) times in the conventional treatment group, and the differences between three groups were statistically significant ( F=3.51, 3.66, and 17.56, all P<0.05). The results of the PSG sleep progression showed that the duration of the N1 stage of sleep in the five-element music group after the intervention was (95.71 ± 15.23) min, which was higher than (83.20 ± 18.34) min in the classical music group and (80.93 ± 16.47) min in the conventional treatment group, and the difference between three groups was statistically significant ( F=5.53, P<0.01); the N3 stage sleep time and the sleep percentage of the five-element music group after the intervention were respectively (84.23 ± 20.98) min and (23.98 ± 5.89)%, which were higher than (65.33 ± 18.82) min and (18.34 ± 3.78)% in the classical music group and (45.87 ± 18.65) min and (15.03 ± 5.56)% in the conventional treatment group, and the differences between three groups were statistically significant ( F=23.08, 18.50, both P<0.05). Conclusions:Both five elements music and classical music can improve the sleep quality of stroke patients, and the effect of five elements music to improve sleep is more significant.

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a prevalent malignancy that afflicts the head and neck area and presents a high incidence of metastasis and invasion. Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are essential for enhancing the quality of life and the survival rates of TSCC patients. The current treatment modalities for TSCC frequently suffer from a lack of specificity and efficacy. Nanoparticles with diagnostic and photothermal therapeutic properties may offer a new approach for the targeted therapy of TSCC. However, inadequate accumulation of photosensitizers at the tumor site diminishes the efficacy of photothermal therapy (PTT). This study modified gold nanodots (AuNDs) with the TSCC-targeting peptide HN-1 to improve the selectivity and therapeutic effects of PTT. The Au-HN-1 nanosystem effectively targeted the TSCC cells and was rapidly delivered to the tumor tissues compared to the AuNDs. The enhanced accumulation of photosensitizing agents at tumor sites achieved significant PTT effects in a mouse model of TSCC. Moreover, owing to its stable long-term fluorescence and high X-ray attenuation coefficient, the Au-HN-1 nanosystem can be used for fluorescence and computed tomography imaging of TSCC, rendering it useful for early tumor detection and accurate delineation of surgical margins. In conclusion, Au-HN-1 represents a promising nanomedicine for imaging-based diagnosis and targeted PTT of TSCC.
Tongue Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging* ; Animals ; Gold/chemistry* ; Mice ; Photothermal Therapy/methods* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Photosensitizing Agents ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor

Periodontal bone defects, primarily caused by periodontitis, are highly prevalent in clinical settings and manifest as bone fenestration, dehiscence, or attachment loss, presenting a significant challenge to oral health. In regenerative medicine, harnessing developmental principles for tissue repair offers promising therapeutic potential. Of particular interest is the condensation of progenitor cells, an essential event in organogenesis that has inspired clinically effective cell aggregation approaches in dental regeneration. However, the precise cellular coordination mechanisms during condensation and regeneration remain elusive. Here, taking the tooth as a model organ, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular composition and heterogeneity of human dental follicle and dental papilla, revealing a distinct Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) population with remarkable odontogenic potential. Interestingly, a reciprocal paracrine interaction between PDGFRA⁺ dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and CD31⁺ Endomucin⁺ endothelial cells (ECs) was mediated by Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and Platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB (PDGFBB). This crosstalk not only maintains the functionality of PDGFRA⁺ DFSCs but also drives specialized angiogenesis. In vivo periodontal bone regeneration experiments further reveal that communication between PDGFRA⁺ DFSC aggregates and recipient ECs is essential for effective angiogenic-osteogenic coupling and rapid tissue repair. Collectively, our results unravel the importance of MSC-EC crosstalk mediated by the VEGFA and PDGFBB-PDGFRA reciprocal signaling in orchestrating angiogenesis and osteogenesis. These findings not only establish a framework for deciphering and promoting periodontal bone regeneration in potential clinical applications but also offer insights for future therapeutic strategies in dental or broader regenerative medicine.
Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/metabolism* ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology* ; Dental Sac/cytology* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Transcriptome ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Bone Regeneration ; Animals ; Dental Papilla/cytology* ; Periodontium/physiology* ; Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Regeneration ; Angiogenesis