Objective:To investigate the effect of dandelion polysaccharide(DP)on inflammatory response and the protein expression of S100 calcium binding protein A8/A9(S100A8/A9)in lung tissue and small intestinal tissue of rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods:The two-hit method of hemorrhagic shock and intraperitoneally injected lipopolysaccharide was used to establish a rat model of MODS,and the rats were divided into sham-operation group,model group,low-dose DP group,and high-dose DP group.The organ coefficient and wet/dry weight ratio of the lung and the small intestine were observed for each group of rats;HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of lung tissue and small intestinal tissue;immunohistochemical staining was used to measure the expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-10(IL-10)in lung tissue and small intestinal tissue;Western blot was used to measure the protein expression level of S100A8/A9 in lung tissue and small intestinal tissue.Results:Compared with the sham-operation group,the model group had significant increases in the organ coefficient of the lung(5.849±0.824),the wet/dry weight ratio of the lung(6.556±0.631),the wet/dry weight ratio of the small intestine(6.356±0.535),and the wet weight/length ratio of the small intestine(73.950±5.569).HE staining showed that that the model group had massive in-flammatory cell infiltration in alveolar space and pulmonary interstitium,thickened alveolar wall,and disintegration and fragmentation of the villi of the small intestine,with inflammatory cell infiltration and proliferation of segmental aggregated lymphoid follicles.In the model group,S100A8/A9 was mainly expressed in neutrophils and macrophages,and there were increases in the expression of S100A8/A9,IL-1β,and IL-6 and a reduction in the expression of IL-10 in the lung tissue and small intestinal tissue of rats.After treatment with high-dose DP,there were reductions in the organ coefficient of the lung(4.297±0.462),the wet/dry weight ratio of the lung(5.313±0.495),the wet/dry weight ratio of the small intestine(5.398±0.388),and the wet weight/length ratio of the small intestine(59.417±2.891).The high-dose group also had alleviation of pathological injury in the small intestine,with reductions in the expres-sion of S100A8/A9,IL-1β,and IL-6 and an increase in the expression of IL-10 in lung tissue and small intestinal tissue.Conclusion:DP may alleviate inflammatory response in lung and small intestinal injuries of rats with MODS by inhibiting the expression of S100A8/A9.

A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 445 food service employees from 67 Chinese restaurants across all 16 administrative districts of Beijing City from August to December in 2022. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding salt reduction and hypertension. The results revealed that awareness was highest for the statement "Hypertensive patients should reduce salt intake" (88.3%), while awareness of "China′s diagnostic criteria for hypertension" was the lowest (23.8%). Positive attitude endorsement rates were 96.0% for willingness to reduce salt, 95.3% for perceived self-efficacy in salt reduction, and 93.0% for agreement with a low-salt diet. Regarding behaviors, the rates of actively reducing salt when ordering takeout or dining out, using low-sodium salt, and using salt-reducing spoons were 73.7%, 45.4%, and 55.5%, respectively. The overall compliance rate for salt-reduction related behaviors was 73.9%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that: compared to the 18-29 age group, employees aged 30-39 ( OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.16-4.14), 40-49 ( OR=3.36, 95% CI: 1.52-7.42), and 50-59 ( OR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.25-8.50) were significantly more likely to achieve compliance with salt-reduction behaviors; chefs were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to managerial staff ( OR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.08-3.98); employees in catering with adequate knowledge about salt reduction and hypertension were significantly more likely to exhibit behavioral compliance compared to those with inadequate knowledge ( OR=3.32, 95% CI: 1.83-5.92); employees in catering with positive attitudes towards salt reduction were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to those with negative attitudes ( OR=5.81, 95% CI: 2.05-16.43). In conclusion, food service employees in Beijing exhibit insufficient knowledge about salt intake and hypertension. While they demonstrate strong willingness to reduce salt, this does not consistently translate into action. Compliance with salt-reduction behaviors is influenced by age, education level, and job position. There is an urgent need to strengthen the dissemination of knowledge regarding high salt intake and hypertension and to implement personalized interventions targeting salt-reduction behaviors and skills.

Open limb fractures, often caused by high-energy trauma, are frequently complicated by bacterial contamination, which can lead to delayed wound healing, impaired fracture union, or nonunion. The pathophysiological changes following the fractures can induce a series of alterations in the gut microbiota and their metabolites, resulting in gut microbial dysbiosis that adversely affects open limb fracture healing. Restoring the balance of the gut microbiota may help modulate immune responses and bone metabolism in patients, thereby promoting open fracture repair. Currently, there is no comprehensive summary of the relationship between gut microbiota and open limb fractures or the mechanisms by which gut microbiota interventions regulate fracture healing. Therefore, the authors reviewed the recent advances in the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on open limb fracture healing and corresponding intervention strategies, aiming to provide a reference for developing integrated fracture treatment approaches based on microbiome regulation.

Objective To investigate the effects of Cardamonin on the proliferation,migration and invasion of CAL27 cells in tongue squamous cell carcinoma,and to elucidate its possible mechanism of action.Methods CAL27 cells were treated with different concentra-tions of Cardamonin for 24h and 48h respectively.CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation,and the optimal drug concentration and action time were screened for subsequent experiments.Clonal formation assay was used to detect cell proliferation.Scratch test and Transwell test were used to detecte the ability of cell migration and invasion.Western blot method was used to detecte the expression levels of EMT related protein and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)pathway related protein.Results Within a cer-tain concentration,Cardamonin inhibited the proliferation,migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL27 cells in a concentration-dependent manner,and the inhibitory effect became more obvious with the increase of concentration and time in a certain range.In addition,with the increase of drug concentration,the protein expression of E-cadherin showed an upward trend,while the pro-tein expression of N-cadherin,Vimentin and phosphorylated efferent molecules downstream of PI3K(p-PI3K and p-Akt)showed a downward trend.Treatment with PI3K agonist 740Y-P could partially reverse the anticancer effect of Cardamonin,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Cardamonin can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of CAL27 cells in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells,and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of EMT process by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,which provides a new potential strategy and drug target for the treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 445 food service employees from 67 Chinese restaurants across all 16 administrative districts of Beijing City from August to December in 2022. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding salt reduction and hypertension. The results revealed that awareness was highest for the statement "Hypertensive patients should reduce salt intake" (88.3%), while awareness of "China′s diagnostic criteria for hypertension" was the lowest (23.8%). Positive attitude endorsement rates were 96.0% for willingness to reduce salt, 95.3% for perceived self-efficacy in salt reduction, and 93.0% for agreement with a low-salt diet. Regarding behaviors, the rates of actively reducing salt when ordering takeout or dining out, using low-sodium salt, and using salt-reducing spoons were 73.7%, 45.4%, and 55.5%, respectively. The overall compliance rate for salt-reduction related behaviors was 73.9%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that: compared to the 18-29 age group, employees aged 30-39 ( OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.16-4.14), 40-49 ( OR=3.36, 95% CI: 1.52-7.42), and 50-59 ( OR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.25-8.50) were significantly more likely to achieve compliance with salt-reduction behaviors; chefs were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to managerial staff ( OR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.08-3.98); employees in catering with adequate knowledge about salt reduction and hypertension were significantly more likely to exhibit behavioral compliance compared to those with inadequate knowledge ( OR=3.32, 95% CI: 1.83-5.92); employees in catering with positive attitudes towards salt reduction were significantly more likely to achieve behavioral compliance compared to those with negative attitudes ( OR=5.81, 95% CI: 2.05-16.43). In conclusion, food service employees in Beijing exhibit insufficient knowledge about salt intake and hypertension. While they demonstrate strong willingness to reduce salt, this does not consistently translate into action. Compliance with salt-reduction behaviors is influenced by age, education level, and job position. There is an urgent need to strengthen the dissemination of knowledge regarding high salt intake and hypertension and to implement personalized interventions targeting salt-reduction behaviors and skills.

Objective To explore the association between walking exercise guided by 6 minute walking test(6MWT)and the incidences of 3-year major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE)in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 628 elderly ACS patients who undergoing PCI and obtaining success-ful coronary revascularization in our department from November 2018 to April 2019 were enrolled,and divided into 6MWT group(n=147)and control group(n=481)based on participa-ting in walking exercise guided by 6MWT or not.All of them were followed up for 3 years.The incidences of MACE[including coronary target vascular restenosis,acute myocardial infarction,heart failure,ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke]and all-cause death were observed.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analyses and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis were employed for data statistical analyses.Results At the end of follow-up,the incidences of target vascular restenosis(6.9％vs 2.0％,P=0.028),heart failure(3.7％vs 0％,P=0.036),stroke(3.7％vs 0％,P=0.036),and total MACE incidence(15.0％vs 4.1％,P=0.000)were statistically higher in the control group than the 6MWT group.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the cumulative incidence of MACE was significantly lower in the 6MWT group than the control group(Plog rank=0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that not participating in walking exercise guided by 6MWT was an independent risk factor for occurrence of 3-year MACE(HR=3.102,95％CI:1.327-7.250,P=0.009).Conclusion Walking exercise guided by 6MWT reduces the incidence of 3-year MACE and improves the long-term prognosis of elderly ACS patients after PCI.

Open limb fractures, often caused by high-energy trauma, are frequently complicated by bacterial contamination, which can lead to delayed wound healing, impaired fracture union, or nonunion. The pathophysiological changes following the fractures can induce a series of alterations in the gut microbiota and their metabolites, resulting in gut microbial dysbiosis that adversely affects open limb fracture healing. Restoring the balance of the gut microbiota may help modulate immune responses and bone metabolism in patients, thereby promoting open fracture repair. Currently, there is no comprehensive summary of the relationship between gut microbiota and open limb fractures or the mechanisms by which gut microbiota interventions regulate fracture healing. Therefore, the authors reviewed the recent advances in the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on open limb fracture healing and corresponding intervention strategies, aiming to provide a reference for developing integrated fracture treatment approaches based on microbiome regulation.

Objective To explore the association between walking exercise guided by 6 minute walking test(6MWT)and the incidences of 3-year major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE)in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 628 elderly ACS patients who undergoing PCI and obtaining success-ful coronary revascularization in our department from November 2018 to April 2019 were enrolled,and divided into 6MWT group(n=147)and control group(n=481)based on participa-ting in walking exercise guided by 6MWT or not.All of them were followed up for 3 years.The incidences of MACE[including coronary target vascular restenosis,acute myocardial infarction,heart failure,ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke]and all-cause death were observed.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analyses and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis were employed for data statistical analyses.Results At the end of follow-up,the incidences of target vascular restenosis(6.9％vs 2.0％,P=0.028),heart failure(3.7％vs 0％,P=0.036),stroke(3.7％vs 0％,P=0.036),and total MACE incidence(15.0％vs 4.1％,P=0.000)were statistically higher in the control group than the 6MWT group.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the cumulative incidence of MACE was significantly lower in the 6MWT group than the control group(Plog rank=0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that not participating in walking exercise guided by 6MWT was an independent risk factor for occurrence of 3-year MACE(HR=3.102,95％CI:1.327-7.250,P=0.009).Conclusion Walking exercise guided by 6MWT reduces the incidence of 3-year MACE and improves the long-term prognosis of elderly ACS patients after PCI.

Objective To investigate the effects of Cardamonin on the proliferation,migration and invasion of CAL27 cells in tongue squamous cell carcinoma,and to elucidate its possible mechanism of action.Methods CAL27 cells were treated with different concentra-tions of Cardamonin for 24h and 48h respectively.CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation,and the optimal drug concentration and action time were screened for subsequent experiments.Clonal formation assay was used to detect cell proliferation.Scratch test and Transwell test were used to detecte the ability of cell migration and invasion.Western blot method was used to detecte the expression levels of EMT related protein and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)pathway related protein.Results Within a cer-tain concentration,Cardamonin inhibited the proliferation,migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL27 cells in a concentration-dependent manner,and the inhibitory effect became more obvious with the increase of concentration and time in a certain range.In addition,with the increase of drug concentration,the protein expression of E-cadherin showed an upward trend,while the pro-tein expression of N-cadherin,Vimentin and phosphorylated efferent molecules downstream of PI3K(p-PI3K and p-Akt)showed a downward trend.Treatment with PI3K agonist 740Y-P could partially reverse the anticancer effect of Cardamonin,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Cardamonin can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of CAL27 cells in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells,and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of EMT process by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,which provides a new potential strategy and drug target for the treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To analyze the second hand smoke exposure and related factors of nonsmoking junior middle school students in Beijing, so as to provide a data support for formulating tobacco control measures. Methods: The multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select junior middle school students in Beijing. The valid data of 4 494, 4 915 and 3 792 nonsmoking middle school students were obtained from three waves of youth tobacco epidemic surveillance in 2013 (September to October), 2019 (August to November) and 2021 (September to December) wave, respectively. The information was collected by the national youth tobacco epidemic surveillance questionnaire. The complex sampling data analysis module of SPSS 21.0 was used to descriptive analysis and multivariate Logistic regression. Results: The proportions of secondhand smoke exposure of nonsmoking junior middle school students in the four types of places in the past 7 days in 2013, 2019 and 2021 in Beijing were 76.4%, 71.4% and 65.7%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ2=126.10, P<0.01). The proportions of that found someone smoking in the campus in the three waves of survey were 34.7%, 27.9% and 21.1% (χ2=209.78), the proportion of that found teachers smoking daily were 2.7%, 1.8% and 1.3% (χ2=22.14) (P<0.01), respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed both parents smoking (OR=8.47, 95%CI=4.36-16.48), father smoking (OR=3.51, 95%CI=2.75-4.49), and friends smoking (OR=1.88, 95%CI=1.39-2.55) were the influencing factors of secondhand smoke exposure in four types of places of nonsmoking junior middle school students in 2013. Both parents smoking (OR=2.37, 95%CI=1.33-4.22), father smoking (OR=2.80, 95%CI=2.33-3.37), friends smoking (OR=2.24, 95%CI=1.71-2.92), and teaching the tobacco hazards in class (OR=0.77, 95%CI=0.64-0.93) were the influencing factors of secondhand smoke exposure in four types of places for nonsmoking middle school students in 2019. Both parents smoking (OR=3.93, 95%CI=2.29-6.75), fathers smoking (OR=3.30, 95%CI=2.72-3.99), and teaching the tobacco hazards in the class (OR=0.81, 95%CI=0.68-0.97) were the influential factor of secondhand smoke exposure in four types of places of nonsmoking junior middle school students in 2021 (P<0.05). Conclusions The secondhand smoke exposure of nonsmoking middle school students in Beijing has improved, but still is a high level. It is necessary to take corresponding measures to effectively protect nonsmoking junior middle school students from the harm of secondhand smoke.