Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of category C intestinal infectious diseases among children and adolescents in Shenzhen from 2012 to 2024 and the association with meteorological factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for the targeted prevention and control of infectious diseases for children and adolescents. Methods: Using data from the "Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System" of the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System" covering the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2024, the study analyzed clinical and confirmed cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis among individuals aged 6-19 years old to describe demographic and temporal characteristics. It used Joinpoint regression to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) and annual percent change (APC) to analyze incidence trends, and Spearman s correlation was combined to generalize linear models so as to assess the association between category C intestinal infectious diseases and meteorological factors. Results: From 2012 to 2024, a cumulative total of 61 019 cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease among children and adolescents, 58 498 cases of other infectious diarrhea, and 6 377 cases of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis were reported. The AAPC in the incidence rates of these three diseases was 19.19%, 31.03% and 31.48 %, respectively(all P <0.05). Notably, the incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease increased significantly after 2022 (APC= 133.66 %, P <0.01). The temporal distribution showed that hand,foot,and mouth disease was most prevalent in May,June and July (seasonal index of 2.39,3.64,1.97), other infectious diarrhea was most prevalent in February,March and December (seasonal index of 1.22,1.25,1.47), and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis peaked in September and October (seasonal index of 4.22,2.16). Monthly average temperature could increase the risk of hand,foot,and mouth disease( β = 0.18 ,95% CI =0.11-0.25); as monthly average wind speed increased, the incidence of other infectious diarrhea ( β =-0.86, 95% CI = -1.50 to -0.22) and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis ( β =-1.32, 95% CI =-2.60 to -0.05) both decreased (all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Among children and adolescents in Shenzhen, category C intestinal infectious diseases remain prevalent throughout the year；the number of reported hand, foot, and mouth disease cases has shown an upward trend in recent years.Temperature and wind speed significantly affect the number of reported cases of three types with category C intestinal infectious diseases.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. in improving sleep. METHODS Network pharmacology was employed to identify the active components of L. ruthenicum and their associated disease targets， followed by enrichment analysis. A caffeine‑induced zebrafish model of sleep deprivation was established ， and the zebrafish were treated with L. ruthenicum Murr. extract （LRME） at concentrations of 0.1， 0.2 and 0.4 mg/mL， respectively； 24 h later， behavioral changes of zebrafish and pathological alterations in brain neurons were subsequently observed. The levels of inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β， IL-10， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）]， oxidative stress markers [superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px）， catalase （CAT）]， and neurotransmitters [5- hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA）， glutamic acid （Glu）， dopamine （DA）， and norepinephrine （NE）] were measured. The protein expression levels of protein kinase B1 （AKT1）， phosphorylated AKT1 （p-AKT1）， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， sarcoma proto-oncogene，non-receptor tyrosine kinase （SRC）， and heat shock protein 90α family class A member 1 （HSP90AA1） in the zebrafish were also determined. RESULTS A total of 12 active components and 176 intersecting disease targets were identified through network pharmacology analysis. Among these， apigenin， naringenin and others were recognized as core active compounds， while AKT1， EGFR and others served as key targets； EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway was identified as the critical pathway. The sleep improvement rates in zebrafish of LRME low-， medium-， and high-dose groups were 54.60%， 69.03% and 77.97%， 开发。E-mail：hjp_yft@163.com respectively， while the inhibition ratios of locomotor distance were 0.57， 0.83 and 0.95， respectively. Compared with the model group， the number of resting counts， resting time and resting distance were significantly increased/extended in LRME medium- and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）. Neuronal damage in the brain was alleviated. Additionally， the levels of IL-6， IL-1β， TNF-α， MDA， Glu， DA and NE， as well as the protein expression levels of AKT1， p-AKT1， EGFR， SRC and HSP90AA1， were markedly reduced （P＜0.05）， while the levels of IL-10， SOD， GSH-Px， CAT， 5-HT and GABA， as well as Bcl-2 protein expression， were significantly elevated （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS L. ruthenicum Murr. demonstrates sleep-improving effects， and its specific mechanism may be related to the regulation of inflammatory responses， oxidative stress， neurotransmitter balance， and the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella among nursery children in Shenzhen from 2015 to 2024, and to evaluate the impact of optimizing varicella vaccine (VarV) immunization strategies on varicella incidence. Methods: Varicella incidence data for nursery children in Shenzhen from 2015 to 2024 were obtained from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The study period was divided into three phases:one dose self pay VarV (January 2015 to October 2017), two dose self pay VarV (November 2017 to October 2019), and two dose free VarV (November 2019 to December 2024). Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was conducted to assess changes in the level and trend of varicella incidence associated with each phase of policy implementation. Results: A total of 27 517 varicella cases was reported among nursery children from 2015 to 2024, with an average annual incidence of 514.01/100 000. During the same period, 136 clustered outbreaks were reported in nursery institutions, involving a cumulative total of 1 091 cases. ITS analysis showed that during the self pay 1 dose stage, the varicella incidence among nursery children showed an upward trend, with an average monthly increase of 2.58/100 000 (95% CI =2.21/ 100 000 -2.95/100 000, P <0.01). After the implementation of the self pay 2 dose strategy, the incidence decreased, with a change in incidence of -26.12/100 000 (95% CI =-37.30/100 000 to -14.94/100 000) and a change in slope of -2.65/100 000 (95% CI = -3.38/100 000 to -1.93/100 000)(all P <0.01). After the implementation of the free 2 dose strategy, the incidence decreased further, with a change in incidence of -40.03/100 000 (95% CI =-50.39/100 000 to -29.66/100 000, P <0.01) and a change in slope of -0.56/100 000 (95% CI =-1.20/100 000-0.08/100 000, P =0.09). Conclusion The gradual optimization of the VarV vaccination strategy in Shenzhen from self pay 1 dose to free 2 dose has significantly reduced the varicella incidence among nursery children, demonstrating good short term control and long term intervention effectiveness.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the performance of reconstruction networks with different sparse views under the condition of keeping the same number of model parameters.Methods The number of network channels and network layers were adjusted to make the parameter quantity of each network similar when keeping the structure of each image-domain network and dual-domain network unchanged.The reconstruction performance of each network at different sparsity levels was compared.The AAPM Low-Dose CT Grand Challenge datasets were used in the experiment,including 10 976 images for training,979 images for validation,and 4 256 images for testing.The performance of each model was evaluated visually in combination with objective metrics such as peak signal-to-noise ratio,structural similarity and root mean square error.Results Before adjusting the model parameters,the hybrid domain network Tensor-Net obtained the best visual evaluation and objective evaluation metrics.After parament adjustment,with a similar number of parameters,Tensor-Net outperformed the other models at various projection angles in image anatomical detail recovery,but its structural similarity was slightly lower than that of RED-CNN.The parameters of the hybrid domain model Dual-FBPConvNet were all worse than those of FBPConvNet.Conclusion The hybrid domain model is advantageous in sparse-view CT reconstruction,but it faces more serious overfitting problems.Using a larger image domain model can achieve results similar to those of hybrid domain model.

Objective To investigate the low-dose CT image denoising and generalization performance of the existing mainstream deep learning based denoising networks.Methods The public AAPM Mayo challenge dataset was used to train the denoising network using 3 image-domain methods(REDCNN,WGAN-VGG,CTformer)and 2 projection-image dual-domain methods(VVBP-UNet,CLEAR),separately.The denoising networks were evaluated quantitatively for peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR),structural similarity index,root mean square error,number of network parameters and floating point operations,and their generalization performance was analyzed on the AbdomenCT-1K Dataset.Results Image-domain denoising networks effectively suppressed low-dose CT image noise,with REDCNN demonstrating the best denoising performance and achieving a PSNR of 42.0988 dB.The dual-domain denoising networks were better at preserving tiny tissue structures while removing image noise,with VVBP-UNet performing the best and increasing PSNR to 42.150 9 dB.Conclusion The projection-image dual-domain method exhibits superior denoising and generalization performances than the image-domain method,despite requiring a relatively large amount of network parameters and computations.When computing resources are sufficient,the denoising results obtained by dual-domain method better fulfill the requirements for clinical diagnosis.

The cultivation of top innovative nursing talents with Chinese characteristics in the new era lends critical support to the accomplishment of the strategic goal of the Healthy China Initiative.Herein,we reviewed the historical development of nursing science in China,clarified the conceptual framework of nursing science with Chinese characteristics in the new era,and identified the essential qualities and competencies required for top innovative nursing talents.Furthermore,we analyzed the mission and challenges in cultivating these nursing talents,and put forward new approaches,including formulating new ethics and political education theories specific to nursing science with Chinese characteristics,establishing a cross-disciplinary educational model of Nursing+X,and creating a new nursing talent cultivation ecosystem adapted to the era of human-machine symbiosis.This study provides theoretical insights into the cultivation of top innovative nursing talents who align their development well with national strategic needs,embody patriotism,and possess a strong sense of contemporary responsibility.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the low-dose CT image denoising and generalization performance of the existing mainstream deep learning based denoising networks.Methods The public AAPM Mayo challenge dataset was used to train the denoising network using 3 image-domain methods(REDCNN,WGAN-VGG,CTformer)and 2 projection-image dual-domain methods(VVBP-UNet,CLEAR),separately.The denoising networks were evaluated quantitatively for peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR),structural similarity index,root mean square error,number of network parameters and floating point operations,and their generalization performance was analyzed on the AbdomenCT-1K Dataset.Results Image-domain denoising networks effectively suppressed low-dose CT image noise,with REDCNN demonstrating the best denoising performance and achieving a PSNR of 42.0988 dB.The dual-domain denoising networks were better at preserving tiny tissue structures while removing image noise,with VVBP-UNet performing the best and increasing PSNR to 42.150 9 dB.Conclusion The projection-image dual-domain method exhibits superior denoising and generalization performances than the image-domain method,despite requiring a relatively large amount of network parameters and computations.When computing resources are sufficient,the denoising results obtained by dual-domain method better fulfill the requirements for clinical diagnosis.

Objective:To analyze the clinical effects of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tunnel locator applied in the arthroscopic reduction and fixation of Schatzker type Ⅳ tibial plateau fracture plus posterolateral column collapse.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 12 patients with Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fracture combined with posterolateral column collapse who had undergone arthroscopic reduction and fixation assisted by an ACL locator at Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Yunnan University from January 2020 to December 2022. There were 8 males and 4 females with an age of (44.5±6.4) years (set as an observation group). According to a 1∶1 ratio, another contemporary 12 patients of the same category were selected as a control group who had been treated by double-plate-screw fixation through internal and external double incisions. They were 7 males and 5 females with an age of (42.6±6.3) years. The operation time, incision length, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complications were recorded and compared between the 2 groups. At the same time, the Rasmussen radiological and functional scores at 1, 3, and 12 months after operation were recorded for intergroup and intragroup comparisons.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, showing the 2 groups were comparable ( P>0.05). All the 24 patients were followed up for (18.2±3.5) months after operation. In the observation group, the operation time [(96.3±6.3) min], incision length [(8.5±0.6) cm], and postoperative hospital stay [(8.1±1.3) d] were significantly shorter than those in the control group [(128.2±7.5) min, (15.9±0.8) cm, and (9.3±1.2) d], and the intraoperative blood loss [50.0 (41.5, 59.0) mL] was significantly less than that in the control group [135.0 (121.5, 147.5) mL] (all P<0.05). However, intergroup comparisons showed no statistically significant differences in Rasmussen radiographic scores or functional scores at 1 month, 3 months, or 12 months postoperatively between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Additionally, no significant differences were observed in postoperative complications between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:In the arthroscopic reduction and fixation of Schatzker type Ⅳ tibial plateau fracture plus posterolateral column collapse, compared with the traditional double-plate-screw fixation through double incisions, assistance of an ACL tunnel locator leads to advantages of being more minimally invasive and more surgically efficient. However, the 2 techniques lead to comparable postoperative functional recovery.