Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a complex three-dimensional deformity involving coronal,sagittal,and axial planes,with a prevalence that should not be overlooked.With advancements in technology and in-depth research,an increasing number of hospitals and physicians are exploring standardized diagnostic and treatment approaches for AIS.Comprehensive and in-depth understanding is required for AIS,including its etiology,screening and diagnosis,classification,assessment and examination,treatment options,exploration of current focus,and evaluation of quality of life.Such understanding ensures that the diagnostic and treatment are scientific,standardized,and timely.Based on the principles of evidence-based medicine,a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of AIS is reached after multiple discussions among spinal surgery experts,aiming to provide reference and guidance for clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the current nursing practice of nurses specializing in nutritional support in ICUs and analyze their influencing factors in order to improve the training program and promote the development of standardized and precise nursing practice.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select nutritional support nurses in ICUs in 29 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)from October 2023 to March 2025,and the self-developed questionnaire on nursing practice behaviors of nutritional support nurses in ICUs was used to conduct the survey.SPSS 21.0 software was used for descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results A total of 774 questionnaires were distributed,and 766 valid questionnaires were collected,with a recovery rate of 98.97％,and the score of the questionnaire on nursing practice behaviors of nurses specializing in nutritional support in ICU was(90.41±1 1.82).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,presence of a nutritional support nursing team in the hospital,a standardized process of nutritional support nursing in the department,clear positional responsibilities of the nutritional support nursing team members,and inclusion of the nutritional support status of the patients in the quality management of the department were the factors influencing the nursing practice behavior scores of the nurses specializing in nutritional support in ICUs(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nurses in the ICUs have a high level of nursing practice behavior,but there is a need for further standardization in parenteral nutrition infusion and monitoring of complications.ICU nursing managers should formulate improvement strategies to address the weaknesses of clinical practice,strengthen nutritional support training,and improve the quality management program,and further improve the practical ability of nurses specializing in nutritional support.

The prevalence of periodontitis in China is as high as 74.2％,making it the leading cause of tooth loss in adults and severely impacting both oral and overall health.The treatment of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration are global challenges of significant concern.GE Shaohua's group at School and Hospital of Stomatology,Shandong University has focused on the key scientific issue of"re-modeling the periodontal inflammatory microenvironment and optimizing tissue repair and regeneration".They have elucidated the mechanisms underlying the persistence of periodontitis,developed bioactive ma-terials to enhance stem cell regenerative properties,and constructed a series of guided tissue regeneration barrier membranes to promote periodontal tissue repair,leading to the establishment of a comprehensive technology system for the treatment of periodontitis.Specific achievements and progress include:(1)Elucidating the mechanism by which key periodontal pathogens evade antimicrobial autophagy,leading to inflammatory damage;developing intelligent antimicrobial hydrogels and nanosystems,and creating metal-polyphenol network microsphere capsules to reshape the periodontal inflammatory microenviron-ment;(2)Explaining the mechanisms by which nanomaterial structures and electroactive interfaces regu-late stem cell behavior,developing optimized nanostructures and electroactive biomaterials,thereby effec-tively enhancing the regenerative repair capabilities of stem cells;(3)Creating a series of biphasic heterogeneous barrier membranes,refining guided tissue regeneration and in situ tissue engineering techniques,stimulating the body's intrinsic repair potential,and synergistically promoting the structural regeneration and functional reconstruction of periodontal tissues.The research outcomes of the group have innovated the fundamental theories of periodontal tissue regeneration,broken through foreign technologi-cal barriers and patent blockades,established a cascade repair strategy for periodontal regeneration,and enhanced China's core competitiveness in the field of periodontal tissue regeneration.

Objective:To describe the current status and research methods of external validation studies of risk prediction models conducted by nursing scholars in China.Methods:Using the search terms "predictive model, external validation, nursing, risk prediction, external validation, nursing" this study searched eight databases (China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) for studies published up to June 2023. Literature was imported into EndNote software for organization and deduplication. Two researchers independently conducted initial and secondary screenings by reading the titles, abstracts, and full texts of studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the included studies under the framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology.Results:A total of 70 studies (15 dissertations and 55 journal articles), primarily published from 2021 to 2023, were included. Among 246 risk prediction models constructed by nurses, 28.5% (70/246) underwent external validation. The models focused on issues such as infection, cognitive impairment, skin injury, thrombosis, and malnutrition. Most studies were conducted in single-center settings (71.4%, 50/70), with temporal validation being the most common type (67.1%, 47/70). The majority of models were presented as nomograms, though some studies had methodological issues in validation.Conclusions:In recent years, new prediction models for specific diseases or endpoints have continued to emerge from nursing research in China, yet few have undergone external validation for clinical application, and the quality and methods of validation require improvement. Future researchers should standardize and strengthen the external validation and optimization of risk prediction models, focusing on clinical applicability to enhance the practical value of these models.

Objective To investigate the current nursing practice of nurses specializing in nutritional support in ICUs and analyze their influencing factors in order to improve the training program and promote the development of standardized and precise nursing practice.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select nutritional support nurses in ICUs in 29 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)from October 2023 to March 2025,and the self-developed questionnaire on nursing practice behaviors of nutritional support nurses in ICUs was used to conduct the survey.SPSS 21.0 software was used for descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results A total of 774 questionnaires were distributed,and 766 valid questionnaires were collected,with a recovery rate of 98.97％,and the score of the questionnaire on nursing practice behaviors of nurses specializing in nutritional support in ICU was(90.41±1 1.82).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,presence of a nutritional support nursing team in the hospital,a standardized process of nutritional support nursing in the department,clear positional responsibilities of the nutritional support nursing team members,and inclusion of the nutritional support status of the patients in the quality management of the department were the factors influencing the nursing practice behavior scores of the nurses specializing in nutritional support in ICUs(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nurses in the ICUs have a high level of nursing practice behavior,but there is a need for further standardization in parenteral nutrition infusion and monitoring of complications.ICU nursing managers should formulate improvement strategies to address the weaknesses of clinical practice,strengthen nutritional support training,and improve the quality management program,and further improve the practical ability of nurses specializing in nutritional support.

Objective:To describe the current status and research methods of external validation studies of risk prediction models conducted by nursing scholars in China.Methods:Using the search terms "predictive model, external validation, nursing, risk prediction, external validation, nursing" this study searched eight databases (China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) for studies published up to June 2023. Literature was imported into EndNote software for organization and deduplication. Two researchers independently conducted initial and secondary screenings by reading the titles, abstracts, and full texts of studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the included studies under the framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology.Results:A total of 70 studies (15 dissertations and 55 journal articles), primarily published from 2021 to 2023, were included. Among 246 risk prediction models constructed by nurses, 28.5% (70/246) underwent external validation. The models focused on issues such as infection, cognitive impairment, skin injury, thrombosis, and malnutrition. Most studies were conducted in single-center settings (71.4%, 50/70), with temporal validation being the most common type (67.1%, 47/70). The majority of models were presented as nomograms, though some studies had methodological issues in validation.Conclusions:In recent years, new prediction models for specific diseases or endpoints have continued to emerge from nursing research in China, yet few have undergone external validation for clinical application, and the quality and methods of validation require improvement. Future researchers should standardize and strengthen the external validation and optimization of risk prediction models, focusing on clinical applicability to enhance the practical value of these models.

Objective To observe the impact of semi-solidification enteral nutrition on feeding tolerance,nutritional and infection related indicators,and prognosis in neurocritical patients.Methods Adopting the prospective research method,the neurocritical patients who were admitted to the department of intensive care unit(ICU)of the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University from December 2021 to May 2022 and had to stay in the nasogastric tube for enteral nutrition were selected as the study subjects,pectin was added to achieve the semi-solidification of enteral nutrition,and the patients were divided into pectin group and control group according to the principle of randomized control,with 25 cases in each group.Enteral nutrition was started within 24-48 hours of admission to the ICU in all patients,and pectin plus continuously pumped enteral nutrition preparation was given in the pectin group and continuously pumped enteral nutrition preparation in the control group,all of which was used continuously for more than 7 days.Differences in albumin,prealbumin,Glasgow coma scale(GCS),acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ),sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA),procalcitonin(PCT),interleukin-6(IL-6)and C-reactive protein(CRP)were compared between the two groups before and after 7 days of treatment,and enteral nutrition compliance rates at 3 days and 7 days of treatment,as well as the incidence of enteral nutrition intolerance(including vomiting,diarrhea,constipation,aspiration and bloating),along with the length of ICU stay and 28 days prognosis were observed.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in general clinical data[including gender,age and body mass index(BMI)]and pre-treatment GCS score,APACHEⅡ score,SOFA score,albumin,prealbumin,PCT,IL-6 and CRP levels.The incidence of vomiting,diarrhea,constipation,and bloating during enteral nutrition was significantly lower in the pectin group than those in the control group[vomiting:4.0％(1/25)vs.24.0％(6/25),diarrhea:8.0％(2/25)vs.32.0％(8/25),constipation:20.0％(5/25)vs.65.0％(13/25),bloating:12.0％(3/25)vs.36.0％(9/25),all P<0.05],but the difference in the incidence of aspiration compared with the control group was not statistically significant[4.0％(1/25)vs.16.0％(4/25),P>0.05].Caloric compliance with enteral nutrition was significantly higher in the pectin group than in the control group at both 3 days and 7 days of treatment[3 days of treatment:48.0％(12/25)vs.20.0％(5/25),7 days of treatment:88.0％(22/25)vs.60.0％(15/25),both P<0.05],and the prealbumin level was significantly higher in the pectin group than in the control group at the end of 7 days treatment(mg/L:248.08±43.99 vs.221.64±33.95,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of GCS score,APACHEⅡ score,SOFA score,PCT,IL-6,CRP,length of ICU stay,and 28 days mortality between the two groups after treatment.Conclusion The administration of semi-solidification enteral nutrition reduces the incidence of enteral nutrition intolerance,improves caloric intake and nutritional status in neurocritical patients,but has no significant effect on infection indicators and prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis and risk factors of IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN) in children.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Clinical data were collected from 264 children who were pathologically diagnosed with IgAVN at Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, between January 2011 and December 2017. All patients had a follow-up period of more than 3 years. Clinical characteristics, renal pathology, 3-year and 5-year prognosis were analyzed. The patients were grouped based on gender, age of onset (≤6 years, >6-9 years, and >9 years), pathological classification (≤Ⅲ and>Ⅲ),whether the prognosis was complete remission at 3 and 5 years. Independent sample t-tests, ANOVA or chi-squared test were used for intergroup comparisons. Spearman correlation analysis was applied for ordinal data, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze factors affecting the prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to evaluate the predictive value of these factors. Results:Of the 264 children with IgAVN, 153 were male and 111 were female, the age of onset was 8.3 (6.7, 10.3) years, 118 patients (45%) with onset age >6-9 years accounted for the highest proportion. All patients presented with skin purpura and renal involvement, primarily manifesting as hematuria and/or proteinuria. Microscopic hematuria was observed in 253 patients (95.8%), while 246 patients (93.2%) showed proteinuria. In 256 patients (97.0%), hematuria or proteinuria urinalysis was detected within 6 months of skin purpura onset, and 243 patients (92.0%) underwent renal biopsy within 6 months of renal involvement. The most common clinical subtype in 264 IgAVN children was hematuria and proteinuria (204 cases, 77.3%), with grade Ⅲ being the predominant pathological classification (181 cases, 68.6%). Among children ≤6 years old, the 3-year complete remission rate was higher in males than in females (83.9% (26/31) vs. 7/16, χ2=8.12, P=0.012). Factors independently associated with poor 5-year prognosis included time from hematuria or proteinuria urinalysis to renal biopsy >6 months, elevated serum cholesterol levels, and incomplete remission 3 years post-biopsy ( OR=5.41, 1.39, 6.02, 95% CI 1.40-20.86, 1.04-1.84, 2.61-13.88, all P<0.05). The serum cholesterol has a predictive value for 5-year prognosis ( P=0.020, AUC=0.62, 95% CI 0.52-0.71, Youden index=0.27, cutoff=4.37). Conclusions:For children with IgAVN aged≤6 years, the 3-year prognosis is better in males than in females. Time from hematuria or proteinuria urinalysis to renal biopsy >6 months, elevated serum cholesterol levels, and incomplete remission at 3 years post-biopsy may be independent risk factors for poor 5-year prognosis in children with IgAVN.

Humans ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/pathology* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Precancerous Conditions/pathology* ; Early Diagnosis