Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive and functional deterioration, with pathological features such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregates in the extracellular spaces of parenchymal neurons and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles formed by the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Despite a thorough investigation, current treatments targeting the reduction of Aβ production, promotion of its clearance, and inhibition of tau protein phosphorylation and aggregation have not met clinical expectations, posing a substantial obstacle in the development of drugs for AD. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI), computational biology (CB), and systems biology (SB) have emerged as promising methodologies in AD research. Their capacity to analyze extensive and varied datasets facilitates the identification of intricate patterns, thereby enriching our comprehension of AD pathology. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of the utilization of AI, CB, and SB in the diagnosis of AD, including the use of imaging omics for early detection, drug discovery methods such as lecanemab, and complementary therapies like phototherapy. This review offers novel perspectives and potential avenues for further research in the realm of translational AD studies.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of combined lienal polypeptide injection therapy in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia（MPP）in children aged 3 to 14 years old in multiple clinical centers.Methods:A randomized，controlled，multi-center clinical study design was adopted.A total of 240 hospitalized children aged 3 to 14 years old with MPP from 7 hospitals from September 1，2023 to January 31，2024 were included.According to the severity of pneumonia，they were divided into the mild MPP group with 80 cases and the severe MPP/refractory MPP（SMPP/RMPP）group with 160 cases，and then randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group at a ratio of 1 ∶1，using the random number table method.After screening，subjects entered a treatment period of 5 to 7 days.The control group was treated with azithromycin，while the experimental group was treated with azithromycin plus lienal polypeptide injection .The recovery of lung CT，length of hospital stay，duration of fever，cough score，whether mild cases developed into severe or refractory cases，duration of hormone use，use of intravenous immunoglobulin（IVIG），bronchoscopy treatment，and immune function were observed between the two groups to evaluate the efficacy of lienal polypeptide injection.Adverse events after medication，vital signs，blood routine，urine routine，liver function，myocardial enzymes，renal function，and electrocardiogram were observed to evaluate the safety. Results:A total of 231 subjects have completed the trial in the 7 hospitals，including 118 cases in the experimental group and 113 cases in the control group.Main observation index：the rate of lung CT aggravation in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group（2.6% vs 15.3%， P<0.01），and the difference was statistically significant.Secondary indexes：there were no statistically significant differences in the length of hospital stay，duration of fever，cough score，duration of hormone use，whether IVIG treatment was used，the number of bronchoscopy treatment cases，and immunoglobulin between the two groups（all P>0.05）.However，the rate of cases of plastic bronchitis（PB）found under bronchoscopy in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group（0 vs 18.8%， P=0.03），and the difference was statistically significant.Among the mild MPP（72 cases），there were no statistically significant differences in the length of hospital stay，duration of fever，cough score，duration of hormone use，whether IVIG treatment was used，the number of bronchoscopy treatment cases，and the improvement rate of lung CT between the two groups（all P>0.05）.However，compared with the control group，the rate of cases developing into SMPP/RMPP in the experimental group was less（24.3% vs 48.6%， P=0.03），and the difference in IgG before and after treatment was small［0.53（-0.04，1.18）g/L vs 1.33（0.48，2.25）g/L， P=0.01］.Among the SMPP/RMPP cases（159 cases），the rate of cases of PB found under bronchoscopy in the experimental group was less than that in the control group（0 vs 20%， P=0.04），and the rate of cases with aggravated lung CT in the experimental group was less than that in the control group（1.3% vs 19.5%， P<0.01），and the improvement rate of lung CT in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group（88.8% vs 75.3%， P=0.03），with statistically significant differences.There were no statistically significant differences in the length of hospital stay，duration of fever，cough score，duration of hormone use，whether IVIG treatment was used，the number of bronchoscopy treatment cases，and immunoglobulin between the two groups（all P>0.05）.Two cases in the experimental group developed rashes，which improved after the drug was discontinued.There were no serious adverse reactions such as abnormal vital signs like dyspnea and cyanosis due to the use of lienal polypeptide injection.There were no obvious changes in blood routine，liver function，myocardial enzymes，renal function，electrocardiogram，and urine routine values before and after medication compared with the baseline. Conclusion:The combined use of lienal polypeptide injection in the treatment of MPP in children can reduce the probability of the transformation from mild cases to SMPP/RMPP，reduce the rate of aggravation of the image findings，promote the absorption of lung inflammation，reduce the rate of PB found under bronchoscopy，and has good safety.

Objective:To investigate the clinical application value of the new tracer mitoxantrone hydrochloride in imaging of cervical lymph nodes and identifying of parathyroid, recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid cancer radical surgery.Methods:A prospective controlled study was conducted between January 2022 and April 2024 at Tianjin First Central Hospital, recruiting 180 patients with thyroid cancer, including 54 males and 126 females, aged from 26 to 69 years. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: the mitoxantrone hydrochloride lymph node tracing group (MHI group), the nanocarbon lymph node tracing group (nanocarbon group), and the control group without lymph node tracers, with 60 cases in each group. All patients underwent total thyroid resection and regional lymph node dissection. The number of detected lymph nodes and positive metastatic lymph nodes and surgical field clarity scores and the identification rate of parathyroid glands and the instances of inadvertent excision were compared between the groups. Serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels at different perioperative time points and treatment-related complications were analyzed. One-way ANOVA, chi-square test and two independent sample non-parametric tests, were employed for statistical analyses.Results:The mean operation time, neck drainage volume and hospital stay in the MHI group and the nanocarbon group were respectively significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The mean staining intensity score, tracer success rate and surgical field clarity score in MHI group were respectively significantly higher than those in nanocarbon group ( P<0.05). The mean numbers of dissected lymph nodes positive metastatic nodes and identification rates of parathyroid glands in MHI group were respectively significantly higher than those in both the nanocarbon and control groups ( P<0.05). The rates of inadvertent parathyroid excision in both MHI group and nanocarbon group were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.05). On postoperative day 1 and day 5, mean serum calcium and PTH levels in MHI group were respectively significantly higher than those in nanocarbon group and control groups. However, on postoperative day 1, there was no difference in mean serum calcium levels between the nanocarbon group and the control group ( P>0.05), though PTH level in the nanocarbon group was higher than that in the control group. By postoperative day 5, both serum calcium and PTH levels were higher in the nanocarbon group compared to the control group ( P<0.05). On postoperative days 30, there were no differences in serum calcium and PTH levels between the MHI group and the nanocarbon group ( P>0.05). The risks of facial numbness, hand and foot tetany and choking during drinking were lower in both the MHI and nanocarbon groups compared to the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:MHI demonstrates advantages in rapid targeted delivery and clear staining of the surgical field during regional lymph node dissection in radical thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer, effectively reducing the risk of collateral damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands.

Objective:To explore the influence factors for futile recanalization following endovascular treatment(EVT)in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion(BAO).Methods:Clinical data of patients with acute BAO,who underwent endovascular treatment within 24 h of onset from January 2017 to November 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.The futile recanalization was defined as modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction(mTICI)grade≥2b or 3 after successful reperfusion,but the modified Rankin Scale score>2 at 3 months after EVT.Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of futile recanalization.Results:A total of 471 patients with a median age of 68(57,74)years were included and 68.9%were males,among whom 298(63.27%)experienced futile recanalization.Multivariate analysis revealed that concomitant atrial fibrillation(OR=0.456,95%CI:0.282-0.737,P<0.01),bridging thrombolysis(OR= 0.640,95%CI:0.416-0.985,P<0.05),achieving mTICI grade 3(OR=0.554,95%CI:0.334-0.918,P<0.05),arterial occlusive lesion(AOL)grade 3(OR=0.521,95%CI:0.326-0.834,P<0.01),and early postoperative statin therapy(OR=0.509,95%CI:0.273-0.948,P<0.05)were protective factors for futile recanalization after EVT in acute BAO patients.High baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score(OR=1.068,95%CI:1.049-1.087,P<0.01),coexisting hypertension(OR=1.571,95%CI:1.017-2.427,P<0.05),multiple retrieval attempts(OR=1.237,95%CI:1.029-1.488,P<0.05)and postoperative hemorrhagic transformation(OR=8.497,95%CI:2.879-25.076,P<0.01)were risk factors.For trial of ORG 10172 in acute stroke treatment(TOAST)classification,cardiogenic embolism(OR=0.321,95%CI:0.193-0.534,P<0.01)and other types(OR=0.499,95%CI:0.260-0.961,P<0.05)were related to lower incidence of futile recanalization.Conclusions:The incidence of futile recanalization after EVT in patients with acute BAO is high.Bridging venous thrombolysis before operation and an early postoperative statin therapy may reduce the incidence of futile recanalization.

From June 16 to 30, 2023, men who have sex with men (MSM) who had visited Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) clinics in the Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts of Shenzhen were included in this study to analyze their awareness of Mpox and the influencing factors. The mean age of the 262 MSM was (34.78±8.94) years, with the majority being unmarried (75.2%) and 79.0% confirmed to be infected with HIV. The awareness rates for five primary indicators, current status of Mpox, pathogen and source of infection, mode of transmission, population susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment were 68.4%, 84.7%, 60.3%, 87.8%, and 52.5%, respectively. The awareness rates for five secondary indicators, earliest transmission location (44.7%), main mode of transmission (54.2%), role of masks (46.9%), drug accessibility (46.6%), and self-limiting nature (38.2%) were all below 60%. The MSM population in Shenzhen perceived their likelihood of being infected (2.76±1.32) and discriminated against (3.87±1.26) as relatively low. The logistic analysis showed that the high school or vocational school education ( OR:3.094, 95 %CI:1.180-9.299), college or above education ( OR:5.360, 95% CI:2.159-15.501), and higher scores on questions affecting learning or work ( OR:2.196, 95% CI:1.409-3.599) were promoting factors for Mpox awareness, while higher scores on questions concerning the possibility of Mpox mortality ( OR:0.591, 95% CI:0.432-0.791) was the hindering factor for Mpox awareness.

Objective To explore the relationship between body mass index(BMI)and blood pressure(BP),blood lipids,waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),and hemoglobin(Hb)in the elderly.Methods A total of 10 978 elderly individuals aged≥65 years old in a community in Baoshan District,Shanghai from February 2023 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Height,body mass,waist circumference(WC),hip circumference(HC),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),Hb were measured,and BMI and WHR were calculated.According to the Chinese BMI reference standard,the elderly were divided into a lean group(BMI＜18.5 kg/m2,n= 310),a normal body mass group(18.5 kg/m2≤BMI＜24 kg/m2,n=4 692),a overweight group(24 kg/m2≤BMI＜28 kg/m2,n= 4 615),and an obese group(BMI≥28 kg/m2,n=1 361).The levels of BP,blood lipids,WHR,and Hb in the four groups were compared and correlation analysis was conducted.Results The levels of BMI,WC,HC,WHR,SBP,DBP,and Hb in elderly men were higher than those in elderly women(all P＜0.01),while the levels of TC,HDL,and LDL were lower than those in elderly women(all P＜0.01).The differences in SBP,DBP,TC,HDL,LDL,WHR,and Hb among the four groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.05),and BMI was positively correlated with SBP,DBP,TC,LDL,WHR,and Hb(r=0.109,0.064,0.041,0.042,0.108,0.089,all P＜0.01),and negatively correlated with HDL(r=﹣0.106,P＜0.01).The BMI of elderly men in the normal body mass group was higher than that of elderly women,while the BMI of elderly women in the obesity group was higher than that of elderly men(both P＜0.01).In the normal body mass group,the BMI of elderly people aged＜75 years old was higher than that of elderly people aged≥75 years old(P＜0.05).Conclusions BMI is closely related to the health of the elderly,and maintaining an ideal BMI is the foundation for health management and prevention of chronic diseases in the elderly.

Cognitive impairment is a kind of senile disease that leads to the decline of personality and behavior ability of the elderly,which seriously affects the quality of daily life of patients.The prevalence rate of the disease increases year by year with the acceleration of the aging process of the society,and its incidence is affected by many risk factors.At this stage,the curative effect for middle and advanced patients is poor.So early identification and intervention to delay the progression of cognitive impairment have become the focus of relevant research.Blood pressure variability can lead to damage of target organs such as heart,brain tissue and kidney,which is closely related to cognitive impairment.In order to expand a new perspective of early intervention in cognitive impairment,this paper reviews the effects of blood pressure variability on different cognitive impairment and its possible pathogenic mechanism.

From June 16 to 30, 2023, men who have sex with men (MSM) who had visited Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) clinics in the Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts of Shenzhen were included in this study to analyze their awareness of Mpox and the influencing factors. The mean age of the 262 MSM was (34.78±8.94) years, with the majority being unmarried (75.2%) and 79.0% confirmed to be infected with HIV. The awareness rates for five primary indicators, current status of Mpox, pathogen and source of infection, mode of transmission, population susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment were 68.4%, 84.7%, 60.3%, 87.8%, and 52.5%, respectively. The awareness rates for five secondary indicators, earliest transmission location (44.7%), main mode of transmission (54.2%), role of masks (46.9%), drug accessibility (46.6%), and self-limiting nature (38.2%) were all below 60%. The MSM population in Shenzhen perceived their likelihood of being infected (2.76±1.32) and discriminated against (3.87±1.26) as relatively low. The logistic analysis showed that the high school or vocational school education ( OR:3.094, 95 %CI:1.180-9.299), college or above education ( OR:5.360, 95% CI:2.159-15.501), and higher scores on questions affecting learning or work ( OR:2.196, 95% CI:1.409-3.599) were promoting factors for Mpox awareness, while higher scores on questions concerning the possibility of Mpox mortality ( OR:0.591, 95% CI:0.432-0.791) was the hindering factor for Mpox awareness.

Objective:To explore the challenges in the implementation of drug centralized volume-based procurement policies in hospitals and propose corresponding optimization suggestions.Methods:From August to December 2023, a purposive sampling was conducted to select 11 pharmaceutical experts from tertiary hospitals in China for Delphi method. The survey content included " policy recommendations for promoting the acceleration and expansion of national drug centralized procurement and retaining surplus medical insurance funds for centralized procurement" .Results:Survey participants gave feedback on a set of existing problems found in the implementation of drug centralized procurement policies and proposed corresponding optimization methods. Kendall′s W coefficient of the specialist consultation was 0.332( P<0.05), demonstrating good consistency and concentration of the expert opinions. Among the problems, the score of drug supply guarantee was the highest(mean value of importance was 4.45). At the same time, the recommendation of strengthening monitoring and early warning, coordination and dispatch, and effectively ensuring the supply of centralized drug procurement had the highest score and concentration(mean value of importance was 4.91, coefficient of variation was 0.06). Conclusions:Through Delphi method, this study revealed issues and optimization methods in the implementation of drug centralized procurement policies in hospitals. The findings could provide valuable insights for improvements in the pharmaceutical sector and future policy adjustments.