Objective To evaluate the performance of lightweight Chinese large language models (LLMs) in answering specialized lung cancer questions, and to explore the impact of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) on model performance. Methods Eleven lightweight Chinese LLMs with parameter sizes ranging from 7B to 32B were included. A lung cancer-specific evaluation dataset consisting of 200 questions [100 A1-type (basic knowledge) and 100 A2-type (clinical case) questions], constructed based on clinical guidelines and thoracic surgery textbooks, was used for assessment. Model performance was evaluated under two conditions (with and without RAG). Accuracy was used to assess model performance, and response latency was recorded to reflect inference efficiency. An accuracy–latency scatter plot was constructed for descriptive analysis of overall model performance. Results All models successfully completed the evaluation. With the introduction of RAG, the overall average accuracy improved from 61.68% to 76.36%. Smaller models demonstrated the most significant improvement (e.g., the accuracy of DeepSeek-7B increased from 32.50% to 60.00%, P<0.001). The average response latency increased from 12.58 s to 13.80 s. The Qwen3 series showed the best overall performance, and Qwen3-32B achieved the highest accuracy under both conditions (76.50% and 84.00%, respectively). After RAG integration, performance differences among model families were markedly reduced. Based on the accuracy-latency trade-off, Qwen3-32B achieved the best balance between accuracy and response latency under the baseline condition, whereas Qwen3-14B demonstrated superior overall performance in terms of accuracy, latency, and computational cost after RAG integration. Conclusion The integration of RAG technology improves the ability of lightweight Chinese LLMs to answer specialized lung cancer questions. Under the dual practical constraints of limited computational resources and medical data security requirements, the "lightweight model+RAG" technical framework may represent a promising deployment solution.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical efficacy and experience of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of pediatric patients with KMS who underwent ultrasound-guided RFA in Department of Hemangioma Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, between March 2018 and March 2024. Preoperative laboratory tests and imageological examination were performed. Under general anesthesia, the working tip of the RFA electrode needle was precisely reached the bottom of the lesion under ultrasound guidance. The electrode needle was then gradually withdrawn until the entire lesion area was covered by hyperechoic signals, indicating complete ablation. Postoperative symptomatic and supportive treatments, such as ice pack application and dressing changes, were administered to the surgical area. Platelet detection was performed immediately after the operation. Complications were closely monitored and regular follow-ups were carried out.Results:A total of 30 pediatric patients were included, comprising 14 males and 16 females, from 10 min to 5 months and 29 d after birth, with a median time of 6 d. Lesions were located in the limbs and trunk in 27 cases, and head and neck region in 3 cases, with lesion volumes ranged from 2.4 cm×2.3 cm×1.2 cm to 14.4 cm×9.3 cm×3.3 cm. The mean preoperative platelet count was 43×10 9/L, among them, the platelet values of 11 cases were (10-30) ×10 9/L, and those of 6 cases were lower than 10×10 9/L, other 13 cases with progressive thrombocytopenia. All patients successfully underwent RFA, achieving complete lesion ablation and normalization of platelet counts postoperatively. Platelet counts recovered to above 300×10 9/L in 15 patients, with no severe complications observed. The RFA area became slightly hardened within 7 d postoperatively but gradually returned to normal after consistent dressing changes for 2 weeks. During the follow-up period of 6 months to 2 years, complete lesion ablation was confirmed, with disappearance of the mass, no recurrence, good local function, mild local scar formation, and satisfactory cosmetic appearance. Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided RFA for KMS has advantages of favorable therapeutic outcomes, minimal tissue damage, no significant complications, and satisfactory cosmetic result.

Objective:To evaluate the association between heatwaves and fall-related mortality.Methods:A total of 61 421 fall-related mortality from 2013 to 2022 in 7 provinces of China were included in a time-stratified case-crossover design, with daily meteorological data derived from the fifth generation European Reanalysis dataset produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Conditional logistic regression chimeric distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze the association between heatwaves and fall-related mortality and stratified analysis was conducted according to gender and age.Results:Heatwaves were associated with an increased risk of fall-related morality. The risk of fall-related mortality during heatwaves was higher than during non-heatwave periods ( OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.18). The attributable fraction of fall-related motality due to heatwaves was 10.25% (95% CI: 4.49%-15.36%). For each 1 ℃ increase above the heatwave threshold, the risk of fall-related mortality increased by 34% ( OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.02-1.76). The effect of heatwave duration on fall-related mortality was not statistically significant. Stratified analyses indicated that women experienced a higher risk of fall-related mortality during heatwaves ( OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.04-1.22) compared to man ( OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.17). Conclusions:Heatwave increases the risk of fall-related mortality, and the intensity of heatwaves modify this risk. Women are vulnerable populations.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical efficacy and experience of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of pediatric patients with KMS who underwent ultrasound-guided RFA in Department of Hemangioma Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, between March 2018 and March 2024. Preoperative laboratory tests and imageological examination were performed. Under general anesthesia, the working tip of the RFA electrode needle was precisely reached the bottom of the lesion under ultrasound guidance. The electrode needle was then gradually withdrawn until the entire lesion area was covered by hyperechoic signals, indicating complete ablation. Postoperative symptomatic and supportive treatments, such as ice pack application and dressing changes, were administered to the surgical area. Platelet detection was performed immediately after the operation. Complications were closely monitored and regular follow-ups were carried out.Results:A total of 30 pediatric patients were included, comprising 14 males and 16 females, from 10 min to 5 months and 29 d after birth, with a median time of 6 d. Lesions were located in the limbs and trunk in 27 cases, and head and neck region in 3 cases, with lesion volumes ranged from 2.4 cm×2.3 cm×1.2 cm to 14.4 cm×9.3 cm×3.3 cm. The mean preoperative platelet count was 43×10 9/L, among them, the platelet values of 11 cases were (10-30) ×10 9/L, and those of 6 cases were lower than 10×10 9/L, other 13 cases with progressive thrombocytopenia. All patients successfully underwent RFA, achieving complete lesion ablation and normalization of platelet counts postoperatively. Platelet counts recovered to above 300×10 9/L in 15 patients, with no severe complications observed. The RFA area became slightly hardened within 7 d postoperatively but gradually returned to normal after consistent dressing changes for 2 weeks. During the follow-up period of 6 months to 2 years, complete lesion ablation was confirmed, with disappearance of the mass, no recurrence, good local function, mild local scar formation, and satisfactory cosmetic appearance. Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided RFA for KMS has advantages of favorable therapeutic outcomes, minimal tissue damage, no significant complications, and satisfactory cosmetic result.

Objective:To evaluate the association between heatwaves and fall-related mortality.Methods:A total of 61 421 fall-related mortality from 2013 to 2022 in 7 provinces of China were included in a time-stratified case-crossover design, with daily meteorological data derived from the fifth generation European Reanalysis dataset produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Conditional logistic regression chimeric distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze the association between heatwaves and fall-related mortality and stratified analysis was conducted according to gender and age.Results:Heatwaves were associated with an increased risk of fall-related morality. The risk of fall-related mortality during heatwaves was higher than during non-heatwave periods ( OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.18). The attributable fraction of fall-related motality due to heatwaves was 10.25% (95% CI: 4.49%-15.36%). For each 1 ℃ increase above the heatwave threshold, the risk of fall-related mortality increased by 34% ( OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.02-1.76). The effect of heatwave duration on fall-related mortality was not statistically significant. Stratified analyses indicated that women experienced a higher risk of fall-related mortality during heatwaves ( OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.04-1.22) compared to man ( OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.17). Conclusions:Heatwave increases the risk of fall-related mortality, and the intensity of heatwaves modify this risk. Women are vulnerable populations.

[Objective]Our study seeks to investigate the connection between systemic immune inflammatory index and renal function,as well as to assess its predictive capacity for the deterioration of renal function in chronic kidney disease patients with non-dialysis.[Methods]Adult non-dialyzing patients diagnosed with CKD were included.The computation of SII was calculated as the product of the peripheral blood neutrophil count(×10?/L)and platelet count(×10?/L),divided by the lymphocyte count(×10?/L).The logistic and Cox regression models were employed to scrutinize the linkage between SII levels and CKD.[Results]Out of the cohort,a significant portion of patients,numbering 244,which constitutes 17.2％,experienced progression of CKD.A notable upsurge in SII corresponded with an increased prevalence of advanced CKD and its progression,with significant difference.This trend was mirrored by a decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate and hemoglobin levels,while serum creatinine,C-reactive protein,and lipoprotein(a)levels were on the rise.After adjusting for multiple variables,the natural logarithm of SII exhibited an independent association with advanced CKD[OR=1.85 95％CI(1.46,2.35),P<0.01].Furthermore,Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed that SII acted as an independent predictor for CKD progression[adjusted HR=1.35,95％CI(1.09,1.67),P<0.01].Subgroup analysis indicated a significant interaction among SII,gender,and hypertension concerning CKD progression.[Conclusion]Our findings underscore the robust relationship between SII and renal function,positioning SII as a potential forecaster for the progression of CKD.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of combined magnetic and electrical stimulation with an"intelligent exercise prescription"and novel matrix radiofrequency therapy in patients with pelvic organ prolapse(POP).Methods A total of 158 patients with POP who received treatment at the Gynecological Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation Center of the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University between October 2022 and July 2025 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into an observation group(n=64)and a control group(n=94)based on their treatment plans.The control group underwent magnetic and electrical stimulation combined with an"intelligent exercise prescription"regimen.Specifically,patients received 10 sessions of electrical stimulation,5 sessions of magnetic stimulation,and performed 15～20 minutes of daily home exercise training guided by the"intelligent exercise prescription."The observation group received,in addition to the aforementioned treatments,four sessions of novel matrix radiofrequency therapy.Changes in the muscle strength grades of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pelvic floor muscles,Glazer surface electromyography(EMG)values,and POP-Q staging were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results After treatment,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ muscle fiber strength compared to baseline(all P<0.05),with the observation group showing greater improvement in type Ⅰ muscle fiber strength than the control group(P<0.05).The muscle potential values of the observation group during rapid contraction,tense contraction,and endurance contraction stages were markedly increased compared to pre-treatment levels.Moreover,the muscle potential values during the pre-resting stage were significantly reduced after treatment(P<0.05).In the observation group,POP-Q grades of the anterior vaginal wall,uterus,and posterior vaginal wall were all significantly lower post-treatment than pre-treatment(all P<0.05).However,no statistically significant differences were observed between the observation group and the control group in these parameters(P>0.05).Both groups exhibited relatively high compliance rates(both≥75.0%),with no significant difference between them(P>0.05).The treatment cost for the observation group was significantly higher than that for the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The combination of magneto-electrical stimulation,an"intelligent exercise prescription,"and novel matrix radiofrequency therapy can significantly improve pelvic floor muscle strength and muscle potential values in the short term,compared to pre-treatment levels.This integrated approach also effectively alleviates the prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall,uterus,and posterior vaginal wall.Furthermore,the combination of magnetic and electrical stimulation,"intelligent exercise prescription,"and matrix radiofrequency therapy demonstrates superior efficacy in enhancing type Ⅰ pelvic floor muscle fiber strength when compared to the combination of magnetic and electrical stimulation with"intelligent exercise prescription"alone.However,this treatment protocol entails a relatively high economic burden,and its clinical application should be carefully evaluated in consideration of patients'functional needs and financial conditions.

Objective To explore the feasibility,safety and efficacy of paclitaxel drug-coated balloon(DCB)in the treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis(ARAS).Methods A total of 28 patients with ARAS were selected.Balloon angioplasty was performed using a paclitaxel DCB at the site of renal artery stenosis(RAS)in these patients.Subsequently,a follow-up study was conducted to monitor various parameters of the patients,including vascular restenosis,blood pressure,the types of antihypertensive medications and renal function.The feasibility,efficacy and safety of balloon angioplasty using DCB in the treatment of ARAS were analyzed.Results Twenty-eight patients underwent 33 DCB balloon angioplasty.In one patient,there was no significant improve-ment in the degree of RAS,and thus further treatment with renal artery stenting was administered.The remaining patients all achieved both anatomical and hemodynamic success,with the degree of vascular stenosis at the lesion site decreasing from(79.74±5.13)％to(8.32±4.67)％,and the surgical success rate was 96.97％.The systolic/diastolic blood pressure of the patients was(179.16±30.65)mmHg/(108.26±20.93)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)at 24 hours postoperatively,(131.11±12.99)mmHg/(80.11±7.12)mmHg at 3 months postoperatively,(134.16±11.37)mmHg/(78.68±4.79)mmHg at 6 months postoperatively,and(133.37±12.71)mmHg/(80.11±4.84)mmHg at 12 months postoperatively.In comparison with the preoperative blood pressure of(184.63±27.64)mmHg/(109.11±22.26)mmHg,there was no significant decrease in blood pressure at 24 hours postoperatively,and the difference was not statistically significant.However,at 3,6,and 12 months postoperatively,the patients'blood pressure was signif-icantly lower than that before the operation,and all the differences were statistically significant.The glomerular filtration rate(GFR)was(36.19±18.32)mL/min at 24 hours postoperatively,(35.96±18.51)mL/min at 3 months postoperatively,(36.23±19.30)mL/min at 6 months postoperatively,and(35.59±18.26)mL//min at 12 months postoperatively,which all elevated compared with the preoperative GFR of(28.31±14.67)mL/min,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).At 3,6,and 12 months postoperatively,the vascular patency rate was 100％as indicated by multifunctional color Doppler ultrasound examination or renal artery computed tomography angiography(CTA).No relevant com-plications and postoperative adverse events,such as renal artery rupture or dissection,renal artery thrombosis and acute renal insuffi-ciency,occurred in all 28 patients.Conclusion The paclitaxel DCB is safe and reliable for the treatment of ARAS and has remarkable curative effects,and it can be used as an effective vascular treatment regimen for ARAS.

Objective To explore the feasibility,safety and efficacy of paclitaxel drug-coated balloon(DCB)in the treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis(ARAS).Methods A total of 28 patients with ARAS were selected.Balloon angioplasty was performed using a paclitaxel DCB at the site of renal artery stenosis(RAS)in these patients.Subsequently,a follow-up study was conducted to monitor various parameters of the patients,including vascular restenosis,blood pressure,the types of antihypertensive medications and renal function.The feasibility,efficacy and safety of balloon angioplasty using DCB in the treatment of ARAS were analyzed.Results Twenty-eight patients underwent 33 DCB balloon angioplasty.In one patient,there was no significant improve-ment in the degree of RAS,and thus further treatment with renal artery stenting was administered.The remaining patients all achieved both anatomical and hemodynamic success,with the degree of vascular stenosis at the lesion site decreasing from(79.74±5.13)％to(8.32±4.67)％,and the surgical success rate was 96.97％.The systolic/diastolic blood pressure of the patients was(179.16±30.65)mmHg/(108.26±20.93)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)at 24 hours postoperatively,(131.11±12.99)mmHg/(80.11±7.12)mmHg at 3 months postoperatively,(134.16±11.37)mmHg/(78.68±4.79)mmHg at 6 months postoperatively,and(133.37±12.71)mmHg/(80.11±4.84)mmHg at 12 months postoperatively.In comparison with the preoperative blood pressure of(184.63±27.64)mmHg/(109.11±22.26)mmHg,there was no significant decrease in blood pressure at 24 hours postoperatively,and the difference was not statistically significant.However,at 3,6,and 12 months postoperatively,the patients'blood pressure was signif-icantly lower than that before the operation,and all the differences were statistically significant.The glomerular filtration rate(GFR)was(36.19±18.32)mL/min at 24 hours postoperatively,(35.96±18.51)mL/min at 3 months postoperatively,(36.23±19.30)mL/min at 6 months postoperatively,and(35.59±18.26)mL//min at 12 months postoperatively,which all elevated compared with the preoperative GFR of(28.31±14.67)mL/min,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).At 3,6,and 12 months postoperatively,the vascular patency rate was 100％as indicated by multifunctional color Doppler ultrasound examination or renal artery computed tomography angiography(CTA).No relevant com-plications and postoperative adverse events,such as renal artery rupture or dissection,renal artery thrombosis and acute renal insuffi-ciency,occurred in all 28 patients.Conclusion The paclitaxel DCB is safe and reliable for the treatment of ARAS and has remarkable curative effects,and it can be used as an effective vascular treatment regimen for ARAS.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of combined magnetic and electrical stimulation with an"intelligent exercise prescription"and novel matrix radiofrequency therapy in patients with pelvic organ prolapse(POP).Methods A total of 158 patients with POP who received treatment at the Gynecological Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation Center of the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University between October 2022 and July 2025 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into an observation group(n=64)and a control group(n=94)based on their treatment plans.The control group underwent magnetic and electrical stimulation combined with an"intelligent exercise prescription"regimen.Specifically,patients received 10 sessions of electrical stimulation,5 sessions of magnetic stimulation,and performed 15～20 minutes of daily home exercise training guided by the"intelligent exercise prescription."The observation group received,in addition to the aforementioned treatments,four sessions of novel matrix radiofrequency therapy.Changes in the muscle strength grades of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pelvic floor muscles,Glazer surface electromyography(EMG)values,and POP-Q staging were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results After treatment,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ muscle fiber strength compared to baseline(all P<0.05),with the observation group showing greater improvement in type Ⅰ muscle fiber strength than the control group(P<0.05).The muscle potential values of the observation group during rapid contraction,tense contraction,and endurance contraction stages were markedly increased compared to pre-treatment levels.Moreover,the muscle potential values during the pre-resting stage were significantly reduced after treatment(P<0.05).In the observation group,POP-Q grades of the anterior vaginal wall,uterus,and posterior vaginal wall were all significantly lower post-treatment than pre-treatment(all P<0.05).However,no statistically significant differences were observed between the observation group and the control group in these parameters(P>0.05).Both groups exhibited relatively high compliance rates(both≥75.0%),with no significant difference between them(P>0.05).The treatment cost for the observation group was significantly higher than that for the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The combination of magneto-electrical stimulation,an"intelligent exercise prescription,"and novel matrix radiofrequency therapy can significantly improve pelvic floor muscle strength and muscle potential values in the short term,compared to pre-treatment levels.This integrated approach also effectively alleviates the prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall,uterus,and posterior vaginal wall.Furthermore,the combination of magnetic and electrical stimulation,"intelligent exercise prescription,"and matrix radiofrequency therapy demonstrates superior efficacy in enhancing type Ⅰ pelvic floor muscle fiber strength when compared to the combination of magnetic and electrical stimulation with"intelligent exercise prescription"alone.However,this treatment protocol entails a relatively high economic burden,and its clinical application should be carefully evaluated in consideration of patients'functional needs and financial conditions.