Dry eye disease(DED)is a common ocular surface disorder worldwide, primarily characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and frequently associated with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD), decreased tear film stability, ocular discomfort, and visual impairment. In recent years, factors such as the widespread use of digital devices,the aging population, and environmental changes have contributed to a significant increase in its global prevalence, making it a major public health concern. Red light therapy(RLT), also known as low-level laser therapy(LLLT)or photobiomodulation(PBM), is a non-invasive treatment that utilizes low-energy red or near-infrared light to irradiate tissues. It exerts photobiomodulatory effects to promote cellular repair and functional recovery. This therapy has demonstrated considerable potential in treating various ocular conditions. Its broader clinical application could improve therapeutic outcomes, alleviate patient discomfort and financial burden, and reduce the consumption of healthcare resources, thereby yielding significant socio-economic benefits. This paper systematically reviews the multifaceted mechanisms and application prospects of RLT in managing DED, including its anti-inflammatory effects, improvement of meibomian gland function, promotion of conjunctival goblet cell repair, and alleviation of visual fatigue, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and practical reference for its clinical adoption.

Objective To explore the effects of different sealing methods in the treatment of liver failure patients using a dual plasma molecular adsorption system combined with plasma exchange.Methods A total of 120 patients with liver failure admitted between January 2022 and October 2024 were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,each consisting of 60 patients.Both groups received treatment with a dual plasma molecular adsorption system combined with plasma exchange.The control group was administered heparin sodium for catheter sealing,whereas the observation group received protamine prior to hepa-rin sodium catheter sealing.The study compared the two groups in terms of liver function indicators—including aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and bilirubin—coagulation function indicators such as fibrinogen and international normalized ratio(INR),hemoglobin(HGB)levels,catheter blockage rates,and the incidence of adverse reactions.Results No statistically significant differences were observed in liver function,coagulation function,or routine blood parameters between the two patient groups following treatment(P>0.05).However,the incidence of blockage in the observation group(3.33%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(20.00%),with the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,no significant differences were found in the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The treatment of liver failure involves the use of a dual plasma molecular adsorption system combined with plasma exchange.Administering protamine prior to heparin sodium sealing has minimal impact on the patient's liver function,blood parameters,coagulation profile,and incidence of adverse reactions,yet it effectively reduces the risk of circuit clotting.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of an etoposide (Vp16) -intensified conditioning regimen in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for the treatment of relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Method:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 27 recipients with relapsed/refractory AML who underwent allo-HSCT using a Vp16-intensified conditioning regimen at Aerospace Center Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022. Transplantation-related complications and treatment outcomes were observed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates.Result:Among the 27 recipients, there were 14 males and 13 females, with a median age of 41 years (range: 12~55 years). Except for one recipient who experienced primary graft failure, the remaining 26 recipients achieved hematopoietic reconstitution. The median neutrophil and platelet engraftment times were 13 days (range: 9~20 days) and 13.5 days (range: 11~33 days), respectively. Regimen-related toxicity (RRT) was mainly gastrointestinal toxicity and oral mucositis, and no deaths were attributed to RRT. A total of 12 recipients (44.44%) developed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), of whom 3 cases (11.11%) had grade III~IV aGVHD. Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) occurred in 13 recipients (48.15%), including 8 cases (29.63%) of extensive cGVHD. The median follow-up time after transplantation was 17 months (range: 1~48 months). Fifteen recipients (55.56%) survived without disease, while 12 recipients (44.44%) died— 9 due to relapse and 3 due to transplant-related complications. The 1-year overall survival and DFS rates were 74.07% and 59.26%, respectively; the 2-year overall survival and DFS rates were 59.26% and 55.56%, respectively. The 2-year relapse rate and transplant-related mortality (TRM) were 33.33% and 11.11%, respectively.Conclusion:The Vp16-intensified conditioning regimen in allo-HSCT appears to be a viable treatment option for patients with relapsed/refractory AML, offering favorable efficacy and manageable safety.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of an etoposide (Vp16) -intensified conditioning regimen in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for the treatment of relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Method:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 27 recipients with relapsed/refractory AML who underwent allo-HSCT using a Vp16-intensified conditioning regimen at Aerospace Center Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022. Transplantation-related complications and treatment outcomes were observed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates.Result:Among the 27 recipients, there were 14 males and 13 females, with a median age of 41 years (range: 12~55 years). Except for one recipient who experienced primary graft failure, the remaining 26 recipients achieved hematopoietic reconstitution. The median neutrophil and platelet engraftment times were 13 days (range: 9~20 days) and 13.5 days (range: 11~33 days), respectively. Regimen-related toxicity (RRT) was mainly gastrointestinal toxicity and oral mucositis, and no deaths were attributed to RRT. A total of 12 recipients (44.44%) developed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), of whom 3 cases (11.11%) had grade III~IV aGVHD. Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) occurred in 13 recipients (48.15%), including 8 cases (29.63%) of extensive cGVHD. The median follow-up time after transplantation was 17 months (range: 1~48 months). Fifteen recipients (55.56%) survived without disease, while 12 recipients (44.44%) died— 9 due to relapse and 3 due to transplant-related complications. The 1-year overall survival and DFS rates were 74.07% and 59.26%, respectively; the 2-year overall survival and DFS rates were 59.26% and 55.56%, respectively. The 2-year relapse rate and transplant-related mortality (TRM) were 33.33% and 11.11%, respectively.Conclusion:The Vp16-intensified conditioning regimen in allo-HSCT appears to be a viable treatment option for patients with relapsed/refractory AML, offering favorable efficacy and manageable safety.

Objective To explore the effects of different sealing methods in the treatment of liver failure patients using a dual plasma molecular adsorption system combined with plasma exchange.Methods A total of 120 patients with liver failure admitted between January 2022 and October 2024 were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,each consisting of 60 patients.Both groups received treatment with a dual plasma molecular adsorption system combined with plasma exchange.The control group was administered heparin sodium for catheter sealing,whereas the observation group received protamine prior to hepa-rin sodium catheter sealing.The study compared the two groups in terms of liver function indicators—including aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and bilirubin—coagulation function indicators such as fibrinogen and international normalized ratio(INR),hemoglobin(HGB)levels,catheter blockage rates,and the incidence of adverse reactions.Results No statistically significant differences were observed in liver function,coagulation function,or routine blood parameters between the two patient groups following treatment(P>0.05).However,the incidence of blockage in the observation group(3.33%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(20.00%),with the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,no significant differences were found in the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The treatment of liver failure involves the use of a dual plasma molecular adsorption system combined with plasma exchange.Administering protamine prior to heparin sodium sealing has minimal impact on the patient's liver function,blood parameters,coagulation profile,and incidence of adverse reactions,yet it effectively reduces the risk of circuit clotting.

Objective:To analyze the electrocardiogram (ECG) data of congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) patients, and to identify the ECG parameters for prediction of life-threatening arrhythmic events (LAEs).Methods:This cohort study enrolled patients diagnosed with congenital LQTS at the Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital from September 2014 to May 2023. Baseline clinical and ECG data were collected. Patients were followed with LAEs as the primary endpoint. Based on the occurrence of LAEs, patients were divided into two groups: the event group and the event-free group. Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of LAEs in LQTS patients.Results:A total of 293 patients diagnosed with congenital LQTS were included, aged 32.5 (19.0, 41.8) years, including 201 females (68.6%). Sixty-six patients experienced LAEs and 227 patients did not. Compared to the event-free group, the event group had a younger onset age (13.0 (5.5, 20.5) years vs. 26.0 (13.0, 35.0) years), a slower heart rate (69.0 (59.5, 76.5) beats/min vs. 77.0 (67.0, 88.0) beats/min), a higher proportion with family history of sudden cardiac death (30.3% vs. 14.5%), as well as longer QT intervals (500.0 (467.0, 594.0) ms vs. 428.0 (402.0, 470.0) ms) and QTc intervals (544.0 (502.5, 589.0) ms vs. 489.0 (480.0, 504.0) ms). Additionally, the event group had higher peak T-wave alternans value (65.0 (42.5, 85.3) μV vs. 44.0 (36.0, 54.0) μV), a higher proportion of patients with documented torsades de pointes (TdP) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) on 24-hour Holter monitoring (39.3% vs. 4.9%), and higher rates of pharmacological treatment (100.0% vs. 9.7%) and device therapy or left cardiac sympathetic denervation (45.5% vs. 2.2%) (all P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that the heart rate<60 beats/min ( HR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.0-3.7) and QTc interval ≥500 ms ( HR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.5-5.6) on 12-lead ECG, as well as peak T-wave alternans value ≥55.5 μV ( HR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.3-7.8) and documented TdP or VF ( HR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7) on 24-hour Holter monitoring were independent predictors of LAEs in LQTS patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Heart rate <60 beats/min and QTc interval ≥500 ms on 12-lead ECG, along with peak T-wave alternans value ≥55.5 μV and documented TdP or VF on 24-hour Holter monitoring, have been identified as independent predictors of LAEs in patients with LQTS. These ECG parameters may serve as valuable early indicators of sudden cardiac death in LQTS patients.

Objective:To analyze the electrocardiogram (ECG) data of congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) patients, and to identify the ECG parameters for prediction of life-threatening arrhythmic events (LAEs).Methods:This cohort study enrolled patients diagnosed with congenital LQTS at the Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital from September 2014 to May 2023. Baseline clinical and ECG data were collected. Patients were followed with LAEs as the primary endpoint. Based on the occurrence of LAEs, patients were divided into two groups: the event group and the event-free group. Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of LAEs in LQTS patients.Results:A total of 293 patients diagnosed with congenital LQTS were included, aged 32.5 (19.0, 41.8) years, including 201 females (68.6%). Sixty-six patients experienced LAEs and 227 patients did not. Compared to the event-free group, the event group had a younger onset age (13.0 (5.5, 20.5) years vs. 26.0 (13.0, 35.0) years), a slower heart rate (69.0 (59.5, 76.5) beats/min vs. 77.0 (67.0, 88.0) beats/min), a higher proportion with family history of sudden cardiac death (30.3% vs. 14.5%), as well as longer QT intervals (500.0 (467.0, 594.0) ms vs. 428.0 (402.0, 470.0) ms) and QTc intervals (544.0 (502.5, 589.0) ms vs. 489.0 (480.0, 504.0) ms). Additionally, the event group had higher peak T-wave alternans value (65.0 (42.5, 85.3) μV vs. 44.0 (36.0, 54.0) μV), a higher proportion of patients with documented torsades de pointes (TdP) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) on 24-hour Holter monitoring (39.3% vs. 4.9%), and higher rates of pharmacological treatment (100.0% vs. 9.7%) and device therapy or left cardiac sympathetic denervation (45.5% vs. 2.2%) (all P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that the heart rate<60 beats/min ( HR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.0-3.7) and QTc interval ≥500 ms ( HR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.5-5.6) on 12-lead ECG, as well as peak T-wave alternans value ≥55.5 μV ( HR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.3-7.8) and documented TdP or VF ( HR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7) on 24-hour Holter monitoring were independent predictors of LAEs in LQTS patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Heart rate <60 beats/min and QTc interval ≥500 ms on 12-lead ECG, along with peak T-wave alternans value ≥55.5 μV and documented TdP or VF on 24-hour Holter monitoring, have been identified as independent predictors of LAEs in patients with LQTS. These ECG parameters may serve as valuable early indicators of sudden cardiac death in LQTS patients.

Objective To study the factors affecting hospital death in elderly patients with novel coronavirus infec-tion/disease 2019(COVID-19),and to build a risk prediction model.Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 Infection(Trial 10th Edition).Totally 775 elderly patients(≥60 years old)diagnosed as COVID-19 infection in the emergency department and fever clinic of the First Hospital of Changsha were selected as the research objects.General data and serum biomarkers of patients were collected.After treatment,the patients'data were divided into survival group and hospital death group.Binary Logistic regres-sion was used to screen the independent influencing factors of death,and ROC curve was used to analyze the pre-dictive value of related indicators on hospital death.Results After treatment,712 patients(91.9%)survived and 63 patients(8.3%)died in hospital.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that:≥90 years old[OR=5.065,95%CI(1.427,17.974)],type 2 diabetes mellitus[OR= 3.757,95%CI(1.649,8.559)],COPD[OR= 5.625,95%CI(2.357,13.421)],monocyte ratio[OR=0.908,95%CI(0.857,0.963)],plasma fibringen[OR=1.376,95%CI(1.053,1.800)]and lactate dehydrogenase[OR=1.005,95%CI(1.001,o1.008)]were independent factors of in-hospital death(P＜0.05).The predictive value of diabetes mellitus+COPD+age+monocyte ratio+plasma fibrinogen+lactate dehydrogenase was proved in hospital death from COVID-19 infected patients:the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.883(95%CI:0.827,0.940,P＜0.001),the critical value≥0.710 suggested the risk of death in hospital,the specificity was 0.851,the sensitivity was 0.857.Conclusions The hospital mortality of the elderly after COVID-19 infection is higher and closely related to type 2 diabetes,COPD,monocyte ratio,plasma fibrinogen and lactate dehydrogenase.

This paper summarized the clinical experience of using the method of “returning fire to its origin” for treatment of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity （PSH）. According to the causes and clinical characteristics of PSH， the author believes that the deficiency of kidney qi， and the loss of yin and yang are the basis of the pathogenesis of PSH. Fright causes qi to be chaotic as the triggering mechanism of PSH. The key mechanism of PSH is that the deficiency yang with upper manifestation， and the fire does not return to its origin. The treatment should be nourishing yin and astringing yang， by taking modified Yinhuo Decoction （引火汤） internally， and receiving warm moxibustion as the first choice externally with selected acupoints Guanyuan （CV 4）， Mingmen （GV 4）， and bilateral Yongquan （KI 1）； For prevention， attention should be paid to take care of stomach qi， support healthy qi， and cultivate original qi.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and molecular features of patients with CD7 +relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia(r/rAML)and the prognosis of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods:172 r/rAML patients who underwent allo-HSCT in department of hematology, Aerospace Center Hospital between January 1st 2017 and December 31st 2020 were retrospectively analyzed The patients were were divided into CD7 + group( n=75) and CD7 - group( n=97) according to the expression CD7 in the initial immunophenotype. Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square test were used to compare the clinical data, molecular and cytogenetic characteristics of the two groups of patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of the two groups of patients, and Cox regression screenthe prognostic factors of the patients. Results:The median follow-up time was 19 months. The recurrence rates were 23.71% and 50.67%, respectively in CD7 - and CD7 + group (χ 2=13.428 P<0.001). In relapsed patients, 86.96 percentage of CD7 - group did not express CD7 while 86.84 percentage of CD7 + group expressed CD7. The median PFS was 25 and 5 months in CD7 - and CD7 + group (χ 2=8.695, P=0.003), and the medianOS was 34 and 15 months in CD7 - and CD7 + group (χ 2=2.579, P=0.108). Univariate analysis showed that the CD7 +group, had the lower rates of morphological remission (χ 2=10.014, P=0.002), molecular remission (χ 2=22.809, P<0.001), and more male patients (χ 2=5.281, P=0.022). The incidence of CEBPA double-site mutation was higher (23.4% vs 8.2%, χ 2=8.180, P=0.004) and the rearrangement of RUNX1::RUNX1T1 was lower(4.0% vs18.6%, χ 2=8.362, P=0.004)in CD7 +group than in CD7 -group. Multivariate analysis showed that pre-transplant tumor load was the only prognostic factor for PFS (HR, 1.600; 95% CI, 1.203 to 2.127; P=0.001) and OS (HR, 1.737; 95% CI, 1.273 to 2.369; P<0.001) in r/r AML patients. Conclusion:CD7 expression is a risk factor for poor prognosis in r/r AML patients, and CD7 expression is stable after relapse. Positive CD7 can be used as a target for immune targeted therapy.