Objective To assess the clinical value of multimodal ultrasound score for assessment of endometrial receptivity among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to provide guidance for improving pregnancy outcomes among PCOS patients. Methods A total of 48 PCOS patients admitted to Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University between January and December 2023 were enrolled as the case group, while 50 healthy women of childbearing age received ovulation monitoring at the same hospital during the same period served as the control group. Subjects received two-dimensional grayscale ultrasound during the implantation window (19 to 23 days of the menstrual cycle) for measurement of endometrial thickness, Gonen classification, and endometrial peristalsis. Two-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound was used for assessment of endometrial blood flow and three-dimensional ultrasound was used for assessment of endometrial volume and vascularization flow index (VFI). The endometrium multimodal ultrasound scores were estimated, and various parameters were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic performance of these parameters for PCOS was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results The age of subjects in the case group ranged from 20 to 38 years, with a mean age of (28.20 ± 2.82) years, and their body mass index (BMI) ranged from 21.23 to 29.11 kg/m², with a mean BMI of (26.25 ± 1.60) kg/m². The age of subjects in the control group ranged from 22 to 38 years, with a mean age of (28.10 ± 1.99) years, and their BMI ranged from 21.33 to 29.03 kg/m², with a mean BMI of (26.10 ± 1.78) kg/m². There were no significant differences between the case and control groups in terms of mean age, BMI, estradiol, and testosterone (t = 0.218, 0.422, 0.010, and 0.221; all P > 0.05). The endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, and VFI were significantly higher in the control group than in the case group (t = 4.838, 4.978, and 7.115; all P < 0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of endometrial classification, endometrial peristalsis pattern, and endometrial and sub-endometrial blood flow (Z = −4.136, −4.048, and −3.884; all P < 0.05). The scores of endometrial classification, endometrial peristalsis, endometrial and sub-endometrial blood flow, endometrial volume, VFI, and multimodal ultrasound were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (t = 4.539, 4.449, 4.205, 3.209, 5.206, and 4.495; all P < 0.05). No significant difference was detected in the endometrial thickness score between the two groups (t = -0.149, P = 0.882). The areas under the ROC curves for endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, VFI, and multimodal ultrasound scores in diagnosis of PCOS were 0.753, 0.747, 0.809, and 0.858, respectively. Conclusion Multimodal ultrasound score provides a comprehensive assessment of the endometrium, and is effective in the assessment of endometrial receptivity, which may provide a reference for guiding pregnancy planning in PCOS patients.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between the social network characteristics and mental health of elderly people in rural areas.Methods:A total of 274 elderly individuals aged 60 and above from rural communi-ties were selected.A self-designed structured interview questionnaire on social network structure was used to collect social network data,and Brief Version of the Mental Health Inventory for the Elderly(MHIE)was used to assess mental health levels.Based on the social escort model,the elderly people's social relationships were represented u-sing a three-tier concentric circle structure,indicating different levels of social relationship closeness.The structure of the social network included the size,frequency of contact,and intimacy of the relationships.The network size was represented by the number of nominators,and heterogeneity refers to the different types of relationships.Results:The concentric circle structure of the social network of rural elderly people consists of core family relationships,ex-tended family relationships,and friendships,from inner to outer circles.Regression analysis results showed that the heterogeneity of the social network was positively correlated with the MHIE scores(β=2.58).The intimacy of ex-tended family members and friends was positively correlated with the MHIE scores(β=1.07,0.87).The size of the extended family members was negatively correlated with the MHIE scores(β=-5.52).Conclusion:The het-erogeneity of the social network and intimacy play a positive role in the mental health of rural elderly people,while a large extended family network may impose psychological burdens.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between the social network characteristics and mental health of elderly people in rural areas.Methods:A total of 274 elderly individuals aged 60 and above from rural communi-ties were selected.A self-designed structured interview questionnaire on social network structure was used to collect social network data,and Brief Version of the Mental Health Inventory for the Elderly(MHIE)was used to assess mental health levels.Based on the social escort model,the elderly people's social relationships were represented u-sing a three-tier concentric circle structure,indicating different levels of social relationship closeness.The structure of the social network included the size,frequency of contact,and intimacy of the relationships.The network size was represented by the number of nominators,and heterogeneity refers to the different types of relationships.Results:The concentric circle structure of the social network of rural elderly people consists of core family relationships,ex-tended family relationships,and friendships,from inner to outer circles.Regression analysis results showed that the heterogeneity of the social network was positively correlated with the MHIE scores(β=2.58).The intimacy of ex-tended family members and friends was positively correlated with the MHIE scores(β=1.07,0.87).The size of the extended family members was negatively correlated with the MHIE scores(β=-5.52).Conclusion:The het-erogeneity of the social network and intimacy play a positive role in the mental health of rural elderly people,while a large extended family network may impose psychological burdens.

Objective: To analyze three different integrated scoring schemes of prostate biopsy and to compare their concordance with the scoring of radical prostatectomy specimens. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 556 patients with radical prostatectomy performed in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China from 2017 to 2020. In these cases, whole organ sections were performed, the pathological data based on biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens were summarized, and 3 integrated scores of prostate biopsy were calculated, namely the global score, the highest score and score of the largest volume. Results: Among the 556 patients, 104 cases (18.7%) were classified as WHO/ISUP grade group 1, 227 cases (40.8%) as grade group 2 (3+4=7); 143 cases (25.7%) as grade group 3 (4+3=7); 44 cases (7.9%) as grade group 4 (4+4=8) and 38 cases (6.8%) as grade group 5. Among the three comprehensive scoring methods for prostate cancer biopsy, the consistency of global score was the highest (62.4%). In the correlation analysis, the correlation between the scores of radical specimens and the global scores was highest (R=0.730, P<0.01), while the correlations of the scores based on radical specimens with highest scores and scores of the largest volume based on biopsy were insignificant (R=0.719, P<0.01; R=0.631, P<0.01, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed tPSA group and the three integrated scores of prostate biopsy were statistically correlated with extraglandular invasion, lymph node metastasis, perineural invasion and biochemical recurrence. Elevated global score was an independent prognostic risk factor for extraglandular invasion and biochemical recurrence in patients; increased serum tPSA was an independent prognostic risk factor for extraglandular invasion; increased hjighest score was an independent risk factor for perineural invasion. Conclusions: In this study, among the three different integrated scores, the overall score is most likely corresponded to the radical specimen grade group, but there is difference in various subgroup analyses. Integrated score of prostate biopsy can reflect grade group of radical prostatectomy specimens, thereby providing more clinical information for assisting in optimal patient management and consultation.
Male ; Humans ; Prostate/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prostatectomy/methods* ; Biopsy ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology*