This study aims to analyze the biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serotype,virulence genes,and drug resistance of Escherichia coli(E.coli)causing diarrhea in dairy and meat calves in different farms in the Northern Hebei.From 2022 to 2023,120 diseased tissue sam-ples(feces,anal swabs,and livers)of calves(0-2 months old)suffering from diarrhea in the north-ern Hebei region were collected.The detection of viral and parasitic pathogens was negative.Bacte-rial isolation and cultivation,morphological observation,biochemical identification,and PCR meth-ods were used to identify E.coli.Biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serum typing,vir-ulence genes,and drug resistance were detected using mouse virulence test,glass plate agglutina-tion test,PCR method,and K-B drug sensitivity paper method,and determine the median lethal dose(LD50)of representative strains of dominant serotypes in mice respectively.The results showed that 76 strains of E.coli were isolated,and 56 strains were pathogenic E.coli that could cause varying degrees of death in mice,with mortality rates all above 40％.Among 56 pathogenic E.coli strains,O6 and O152 were the dominant pathogenic serotypes,among which 48 strains(85.7％)were enterotoxic E.coli(ETEC),6 strains(10.7％)were enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC),and 2 strains(3.6％)were enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC).The detection rates of vir-ulence genes fyuA,irp2,fliC,stx1,stx2,K88,K99,eaeA and ler were over 50％,while the de-tection rates of other types of virulence genes were 3.6％to 37.0％.The resistance rates to nine drugs such as ampicillin,neomycin,and amoxicillin were over 42.9％,and the resistance rates to other drugs were 12.5％to 32.1％,showing multiple drug resistance and at least resistance to three types of antibiotics.The LD50 values of the dominant serotype of representative strains ETO 152 strain and EPO6 were 3.16×104 and 3.22×106 CFU/mL,respectively.This study can provide ref-erence for the prevention and control of E.coli disease in dairy and meat calves in the Northern Hebei region.

Objective:To understand the factors influencing new infections of 9-valent vaccine-type human papillomavirus (9-valent type HPV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Urumqi City and to construct a prediction model of individual dynamics of new infections of 9-valent type HPV among MSM.Methods:In this study, a snowball method was adopted to recruit MSM in Urumqi City to establish a dynamic cohort, and participants were followed up every 6 months from 2016 to 2023, and perianal exfoliated cells were collected for HPV genotyping; joint models were established using the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months and the number of anal intercourse in the last one week as longitudinal variables, respectively, and joint models were utilized to analyze the influence factors of 9-valent HPV new infections in MSM individuals were analyzed by the joint model; the predictive efficacy of the model in the follow-up period was evaluated by using the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) values. Based on the prediction model, two study participants were randomly selected for individual dynamic prediction of new-onset HPV infections of 9-valent type types.Results:MSM with at least two follow-up visits 579 individuals were included in the analysis. The results of the two joint models showed that being divorced/widowed [hazard ratio ( HR)=1.544, 95% CI: 1.033-2.233], having a sexual behavior style of being the inserted party ( HR=1.366, 95% CI: 1.053-1.764), and having a history of STDs ( HR=1.659, 95% CI: 1.057-2.558) increased the 9-valent types of new HPV infections risk. The results of the shared parameter of the joint model of the number of same-sex partners in the last six months showed that each 2.72 increase in the number of same-sex partners in the last six months was associated with a 28.2% increase in the risk of new 9-valent HPV infections in MSM individuals ( HR=1.282, 95% CI: 1.065-1.540). The time-dependent AUC results showed that the joint model for the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months (0.808 0) predicted better performance than the joint model for the number of anal intercourse in the last one week (0.750 0). The joint model based on the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months for the prediction of MSM individual dynamics was consistent with the real situation. Conclusion:The joint model based on the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months, sexual behavior, history of STDs, and other risk factors has high accuracy in predicting the risk of new MSM 9-valent HPV infections in Urumqi City, which can provide a scientific basis for the prediction of individual dynamics of new MSM 9-valent HPV infections.

Objective:To understand the factors influencing new infections of 9-valent vaccine-type human papillomavirus (9-valent type HPV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Urumqi City and to construct a prediction model of individual dynamics of new infections of 9-valent type HPV among MSM.Methods:In this study, a snowball method was adopted to recruit MSM in Urumqi City to establish a dynamic cohort, and participants were followed up every 6 months from 2016 to 2023, and perianal exfoliated cells were collected for HPV genotyping; joint models were established using the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months and the number of anal intercourse in the last one week as longitudinal variables, respectively, and joint models were utilized to analyze the influence factors of 9-valent HPV new infections in MSM individuals were analyzed by the joint model; the predictive efficacy of the model in the follow-up period was evaluated by using the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) values. Based on the prediction model, two study participants were randomly selected for individual dynamic prediction of new-onset HPV infections of 9-valent type types.Results:MSM with at least two follow-up visits 579 individuals were included in the analysis. The results of the two joint models showed that being divorced/widowed [hazard ratio ( HR)=1.544, 95% CI: 1.033-2.233], having a sexual behavior style of being the inserted party ( HR=1.366, 95% CI: 1.053-1.764), and having a history of STDs ( HR=1.659, 95% CI: 1.057-2.558) increased the 9-valent types of new HPV infections risk. The results of the shared parameter of the joint model of the number of same-sex partners in the last six months showed that each 2.72 increase in the number of same-sex partners in the last six months was associated with a 28.2% increase in the risk of new 9-valent HPV infections in MSM individuals ( HR=1.282, 95% CI: 1.065-1.540). The time-dependent AUC results showed that the joint model for the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months (0.808 0) predicted better performance than the joint model for the number of anal intercourse in the last one week (0.750 0). The joint model based on the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months for the prediction of MSM individual dynamics was consistent with the real situation. Conclusion:The joint model based on the number of same-sex sexual partners in the last six months, sexual behavior, history of STDs, and other risk factors has high accuracy in predicting the risk of new MSM 9-valent HPV infections in Urumqi City, which can provide a scientific basis for the prediction of individual dynamics of new MSM 9-valent HPV infections.

This study aims to analyze the biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serotype,virulence genes,and drug resistance of Escherichia coli(E.coli)causing diarrhea in dairy and meat calves in different farms in the Northern Hebei.From 2022 to 2023,120 diseased tissue sam-ples(feces,anal swabs,and livers)of calves(0-2 months old)suffering from diarrhea in the north-ern Hebei region were collected.The detection of viral and parasitic pathogens was negative.Bacte-rial isolation and cultivation,morphological observation,biochemical identification,and PCR meth-ods were used to identify E.coli.Biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serum typing,vir-ulence genes,and drug resistance were detected using mouse virulence test,glass plate agglutina-tion test,PCR method,and K-B drug sensitivity paper method,and determine the median lethal dose(LD50)of representative strains of dominant serotypes in mice respectively.The results showed that 76 strains of E.coli were isolated,and 56 strains were pathogenic E.coli that could cause varying degrees of death in mice,with mortality rates all above 40％.Among 56 pathogenic E.coli strains,O6 and O152 were the dominant pathogenic serotypes,among which 48 strains(85.7％)were enterotoxic E.coli(ETEC),6 strains(10.7％)were enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC),and 2 strains(3.6％)were enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC).The detection rates of vir-ulence genes fyuA,irp2,fliC,stx1,stx2,K88,K99,eaeA and ler were over 50％,while the de-tection rates of other types of virulence genes were 3.6％to 37.0％.The resistance rates to nine drugs such as ampicillin,neomycin,and amoxicillin were over 42.9％,and the resistance rates to other drugs were 12.5％to 32.1％,showing multiple drug resistance and at least resistance to three types of antibiotics.The LD50 values of the dominant serotype of representative strains ETO 152 strain and EPO6 were 3.16×104 and 3.22×106 CFU/mL,respectively.This study can provide ref-erence for the prevention and control of E.coli disease in dairy and meat calves in the Northern Hebei region.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, vacuum sealing drainage technology has been widely used in the treatment of orthopedic wounds or to facilitate skin graft survival, both of which have achieved good results.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the curative effects of vacuum sealing drainage technology in the wound healing after limb open fractures, soft tissue defects, pressure sores, and chronic osteomyelitis.
METHODS:Fifty-four patients of fractures combined with soft tissue defects, postoperative exposed bone, osteomyelitis, a large area of pressure ulcers or severe infections, selected from the 273rd Hospital of PLA, were randomly divided into test and control groups according to the wishes of patients. The test group included 36 patients who were treated with vacuum sealing drainage using polyethylene ethanol hydration seaweed salt after debridement, and the control group included 18 patients who were treated with conventional dressing. Wound cleaning time, number of dressings, and wound healing time were detected and compared in the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the wound cleaning time and wound healing time were shorter in the test group, and the number of dressings was also decreased in the test group (P<0.05). After removal of sponge dressings, in the test group, wound granulation was fresh and grew obviously with no exudates after the necrotic residue was removed and vacuum sealing drainage was changed. For the bone exposure patients, the wound area was reduced, or even there was no exposed bone any more. After skin grafting, vacuum suction and pressure due to vacuum sealing drainage technology made al skin grafts survive. In the patients with chronic osteomyelitis, the exudates were gradual y reduced until disappeared after vacuum sealing drainage was exchanged three or four times, and pathogens were not found in bacterial culture. After combined treatment of debridement and vacuum sealing drainage, there were many fresh granulations in the patients with large areas of pressure sores;after replacement of vacuum sealing drainage several times, the granulation grew to the same height with the surrounding skin.