A pyrene-phenol-based fluorescent probe PyP which showed typical intramolecular charge transfer(ICT)and monomer-excimer activities was synthesized by using pyrene carboxaldehyde hydrazone and 4-tert-butyl-2,6-diformylphenol as the raw materials.The effects of solvents on PyP were studied,and the results showed that the color of protic polar solvents(Ethanol,N,N-dimethylformamide,methanol and H2O)were successfully identified.Based on the solvent polarity-regulated PyP monomer-excimer switching,the rapid and highly sensitive ratiometric probe,"Turn-off"and"Turn-on"multimodal probes were established for detection of trace water content in organic solvents(Dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethylformamide,ethanol and methanol),with detection limits(3σ/k)of 0.0021％,0.046％,0.062％and 0.024％.The method was successfully used to detect water content in dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethy lformamide,ethanol and methanol commercial organic solvents,with recoveries ranging from 97.2％to 108.0％.The developed method showed good accuracy and stability,and had good application prospect.

Forensic medicine has been designated as a first-level discipline,presenting new opportunities and challenges for the development of forensic medicine.Since the 1980s,the establishment of foren-sic medicine discipline and the cultivation of high-level forensic talents have become hot topics in the development of forensic medicine in China.Since the 13th Five-Year Plan,the forensic team of Shanxi Medical University has been aiming at the forefront,proposing the development goals of"Five First-class"and the discipline development path"Six Major Achievements".It has selected benchmark disci-plines,identified gaps in disciplinary development,unified thoughts,formulated completion timelines,concentrated superior resources,assigned tasks to individuals,and created an"Organized Fill-in-the-Blank Format"forensic medicine discipline construction model with the characteristics of the new era.The construction model of forensic medicine has achieved good results in the goals,discipline frame-work,scientific research,talent cultivation,discipline team and platform construction,forming a rela-tively complete discipline construction and management system,and accumulating valuable experience for the construction of first-level discipline and high-level talent cultivation of forensic medicine.

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Objective:To investigate the role of autophagy in the regulatory of phagocytosis in Vibrio vulnificus ( V. vulnificus)-infected murine macrophages. Methods:The expression of cellular autophagy-related proteins in PBS-treated and V. vulnificus-infected RAW264.7 and BMMφ cells was detected by Western blot. The co-localization of V. vulnificus-GFP and LC3Ⅱ protein in V. vulnificus-GFP-infected RAW264.7 and BMMφ cells were detected using confocal microscopy. The phagocytosis of V. vulnificus in V. vulnificus-GFP-infected RAW264.7 and BMMφ cells with or without autophagy inhibition using Bafilomycin A1 was detected by flow cytometry. Results:The up-regulated levels of Atg7, Atg12 and Atg16L1 proteins, increased LC3Ⅱ/actin ratio, as well as down-regulated p62 protein levels were significantly detected in V. vulnificus-infected RAW264.7 and BMMφ cells. The co-localization of V. vulnificus-GFP and LC3Ⅱ protein was clearly observed in V. vulnificus-GFP-infected RAW264.7 and BMMφ cells. Enhanced phagocytosis of V. vulnificus and increased autophagy were exhibited in V. vulnificus-GFP-infected RAW264.7 and BMMφ cells, while weakened phagocytosis, accumulation of Atg7, Atg12, Atg16L1, LC3Ⅱ and p62 protein levels, as well as blocking autophagy flux were detected in those cells within autophagy inhibition using Bafilomycin A1. Conclusion:Autophagy induced by V. vulnificus infection could promote phagocytosis of V. vulnificus in macrophages.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of zedoarondiol on neovascularization of atherosclerotic (AS) plaque by exosomes experiment. METHODS: ApoE^-/- mice were fed with high-fat diet to establish AS model and treated with high- and low-dose (10, 5 mg/kg daily) of zedoarondiol, respectively. After 14 weeks, the expressions of anti-angiogenic protein thrombospondin 1 (THBS-1) and its receptor CD36 in plaques, as well as platelet activation rate and exosome-derived miR-let-7a were detected. Then, zedoarondiol was used to intervene in platelets in vitro, and miR-let-7a was detected in platelet-derived exosomes (Pexo). Finally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with miR-let-7a mimics and treated with Pexo to observe the effect of miR-let-7a in Pexo on tube formation. RESULTS: Animal experiments showed that after treating with zedoarondiol, the neovascularization density in plaques of AS mice was significantly reduced, THBS-1 and CD36 increased, the platelet activation rate was markedly reduced, and the miR-let-7a level in Pexo was reduced (P<0.01). In vitro experiments, the platelet activation rate and miR-let-7a levels in Pexo were significantly reduced after zedoarondiol's intervention. Cell experiments showed that after Pexo's intervention, the tube length increased, and the transfection of miR-let-7a minics further increased the tube length of cells, while reducing the expressions of THBS-1 and CD36. CONCLUSION Zedoarondiol has the effect of inhibiting neovascularization within plaque in AS mice, and its mechanism may be potentially related to inhibiting platelet activation and reducing the Pexo-derived miRNA-let-7a level.
Animals ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Exosomes/drug effects* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics* ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics* ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Humans ; Blood Platelets/drug effects* ; Apolipoproteins E/deficiency* ; Thrombospondin 1/metabolism* ; CD36 Antigens/metabolism* ; Platelet Activation/drug effects* ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanism of Banxia Houpo Decoction (BHD) in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by integrating and utilizing the compound analysis, network pharmacology, and empirical verification. METHODS: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS) was utilized to identify the primary compounds in BHD. Network pharmacology was employed to retrieve target genes. A GERD rat model was developed and 32 SD rats were randomly divided into model, BHD-L (3 g/kg), BHD-H (6 g/kg), and mosapride (0.75 mg/kg) groups using a random number table, 8 rats in each group. Eight rats without the construction of a GERD model were selected as the blank group. Esophageal damage was evaluated through visualization and histopathology evaluation. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in serum and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) were determined by ELISA. LES contractility was measured with a force transducer, and serotonin transporter (SERT) and 5-HT4R expressions in LES were assessed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. RESULTS: UPLC-HRMS analysis identified 37 absorption peaks and 157 compounds in BHD. Functional enrichment identified SERT as a significant target for LES contractility. Histopathological findings indicated less severe esophageal mucosal damage in the BHD-H group compared with the model group. Although serum 5-HT levels showed no significant difference, 5-HT concentration in LES tissue was notably higher in the BHD-H group (P<0.05). Within the range from 10^-10 to 10^-7 mmol/L, LES contractility in the BHD-H and mosapride groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). Within the range from 3 × 10^-7 to 3 × 10^-6 mmol/L 5-HT, LES contractility in the BHD-H group was increased (P<0.05). No significant difference was detected within the range from 10^-5 to 10^-4 mmol/L 5-HT. Notably, SERT expression in the BHD-H group assessed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were significantly lower than that in the model group (all P<0.01); while 5-HT4R expression remained unchanged. CONCLUSION BHD may increase LES contractility by inhibiting SERT expression in LES tissue.
Animals ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Network Pharmacology ; Male ; Serotonin/metabolism* ; Rats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism* ; Esophagus/drug effects*

OBJECTIVE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is sensitive to ferroptosis, a new form of programmed cell death that occurs in most tumor types. However, the mechanism through which ferroptosis modulates HCC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic role and prognostic value of FANCD2 and provide novel insights into the prognostic assessment and prediction of immunotherapy. METHODS: Using clinicopathological parameters and bioinformatic techniques, we comprehensively examined the expression of FANCD2 macroscopically and microcosmically. We conducted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify the prognostic value of FANCD2 in HCC and elucidated the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of FANCD2 in oncogenesis by promoting iron-related death. RESULTS: FANCD2 was significantly upregulated in digestive system cancers with abundant immune infiltration. As an independent risk factor for HCC, a high FANCD2 expression level was associated with poor clinical outcomes and response to immune checkpoint blockade. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that FANCD2 was mainly involved in the cell cycle and CYP450 metabolism. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensively elucidate the oncogenic role of FANCD2. FANCD2 has a tumor-promoting aspect in the digestive system and acts as an independent risk factor in HCC; hence, it has recognized value for predicting tumor aggressiveness and prognosis and may be a potential biomarker for poor responsiveness to immunotherapy.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis* ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Immunotherapy ; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 Protein/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism*

The chemical constituents of the chloroform extract of the 90% methanol extract obtained from the dried branches and leaves of Croton lauioides were investigated. By using silica gel column chromatography, C_(18 )column chromatography, MCI column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), six compounds were isolated. Their structures were identified as lauioidine(1), 2α-methoxy-8α-hydroxy-6-oxogermacra-1(10),7(11)-dien-8,12-olide(2), myrrhanolide B(3), gossweilone(4), 6β,7β-epox-4α-hydroxyguaian-10-ene(5), and 4(15)-eudesmane-1β,5α-diol(6) by analyzing the HR-ESI-MS, IR, ECD, 1D NMR and 2D NMR data, as well as their physicochemical properties. All compounds were isolated from C. lauioides for the first time, among which compound 1 is a new nor-clerodane diterpenoid.
Croton/chemistry* ; Diterpenes, Clerodane/isolation & purification* ; Molecular Structure ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

This study aims to explore whether Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus can exert an anti-hepatic fibrosis effect by regulating the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/cysteine protease-1(caspase-1) pathway and analyze its potential mechanism. In the in vivo experiment, a mouse model of hepatic fibrosis was established by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride. The levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), collagen type Ⅳ(ColⅣ), laminin(LN), procollagen type Ⅲ(PCⅢ), and hyaluronic acid(HA) in the serum of mice were measured using a fully automated biochemical analyzer and ELISA. Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) and Masson staining were used to observe inflammation and collagen fiber deposition in the liver tissue. Western blot and RT-qPCR were employed to detect the protein and mRNA expression of collagen type Ⅰ(collagen Ⅰ), α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), Nrf2, NLRP3, gasdermin D(GSDMD), and caspase-1 in the hepatic tissue. In the in vitro experiment, human hepatic stellate cells(HSC-LX2) were pretreated with Nrf2 agonist or inhibitor, followed by the addition of blank serum, AngⅡ + blank serum, and AngⅡ + Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus-containing serum for intervention. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Nrf2, NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase-1, α-SMA, GSDMD-N, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC) in cells. DCFH-DA fluorescence probe was used to detect the cellular ROS levels. The results from the in vivo experiment showed that, compared with the model group, Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus significantly reduced the serum levels of AST, ALT, ColⅣ, LN, PCⅢ, and HA, reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen fiber deposition in the liver tissue, significantly upregulated the protein and mRNA expression of Nrf2 in the liver tissue, and significantly downregulated the protein and mRNA expression of collagen I, α-SMA, NLRP3, GSDMD, and caspase-1 in the liver tissue. The results from the in vitro experiment showed that Nrf2 activation decreased the protein expression of NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase-1, α-SMA, GSDMD-N, ASC, and ROS levels in HSC-LX2, while Nrf2 inhibition showed the opposite trend. Furthermore, Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus-containing serum directly decreased the expression of the above proteins and ROS levels. In conclusion, Albiziae Cortex-Tribuli Fructus can effectively improve hepatic fibrosis, and its mechanism of action may involve inhibiting pyroptosis through the regulation of the Nrf2/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway.
Animals ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics* ; Liver Cirrhosis/genetics* ; Mice ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Caspase 1/genetics* ; Male ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plant Extracts ; Tribulus

Purpose To investigate the diagnostic significance of modified lung ultrasound score(MPUS)for pediatric bacterial and viral pneumonia.Materials and Methods A total of 93 eligible children with suspected community-acquired pneumonia in Quanzhou Maternal and Child Care Hospital(Quanzhou Children’s Hospital)from December 2022 to June 2023 were elected as the study subjects.All these children received lung ultrasound and the MLUS was recorded according to the ultrasound manifestations of A line,B line and lung consolidation.According to the etiological results,the children were divided into a bacterial pneumonia group and a viral pneumonia group.According to disease severity,the children were divided into the mild group and the severe group.The MLUS was used to analyze the diagnostic significance of pediatric bacterial and viral pneumonia.Results The MLUS in the mild pneumonia group was 7(4,13)points and the MLUS in the severe pneumonia group was 20(14,30)points,and MLUS scores of pneumonia in the two groups were different(Z=-5.205,P<0.05).By drawing receiver operating characteristic curve,MLUS score of 14.5 was used as the cut-off point,the sensitivity for diagnosing severe pneumonia was 75.9%,the specificity was 82.8%.Area under the curve was 0.838.There was no significant differences in MLUS of 8.00(4.00,16.00)between the bacterial pneumonia group and 13.00(7.00,21.75)between the viral pneumonia group(Z=-1.981,P>0.05).The MLUS of 10.00(5.25,17.75)in the mild bacterial pneumonia group and 5.00(4.00,9.50)in the mild viral pneumonia group were significantly different(Z=-3.403,P<0.05).There was no significant differences in MLUS between the severe bacterial pneumonia group and the severe viral pneumonia group(t=0.017,P>0.05).In mild pneumonia,the cut-off value for the modified lung ultrasound score of 10.5 predicted moderate diagnostic efficacy of mild bacterial pneumonia,the area under the curve was 0.747,sensitivity was 50%and specificity was 87.5%.Large-area lung consolidation was more common in the bacterial pneumonia group than in the viral pneumonia group(χ2=8.360,P<0.05).Conclusion The modified lung ultrasound score can effectively evaluate the severity of pediatric bacterial pneumonia and viral pneumonia.For the identification of the two,MLUS may be a certain guiding significance.