A novel analytical method was developed in this study by combining online solid phase extraction with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(Online SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)for simultaneous determination of 50 kinds of steroid hormones in surface water.Specifically,after high-speed centrifugation of 4 mL water samples,the supernatant was directly injected into an Oasis HLB online SPE column for enrichment and purification.Subsequently,the target compounds were transferred to the analytical column via valve switching for separation and analysis.The chromatographic separation was performed on a Thermo Acclaim RSLC C18 column(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.2 μm),using a mobile phase composed of 5 mmol/L ammonium fluoride aqueous solution and acetonitrile.Mass spectrometric detection was conducted in positive ion mode,utilizing multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)with quantification achieved by the internal standard method.The method validation demonstrated that the limits of detection(LOD)for the 50 kinds of steroid hormones ranged from 0.02 to 0.50 ng/L,while the limits of quantification(LOQ)were between 0.08 and 1.67 ng/L.The average recoveries in surface water samples at spiked concentrations of 5,20 and 200 ng/L were between 74.1％and 119％,with relative standard deviations(RSDs)of 0.2％to 9.9％.This method was applied to analyze 11 surface water samples collected from sites surrounding a pharmaceutical and chemical industrial park.A total of 44 kinds of steroid hormones were detected,with concentrations ranging from 0.11 to 88.6 ng/L,revealing the presence of hormone contamination in the environmental waters surrounding industrial areas.Compared with the traditional offline SPE methods,the proposed online SPE technique significantly reduced sample volume requirements and pretreatment time,while minimizing the loss of target compounds during the pretreatment process.Moreover,compared to reported online SPE techniques,this method achieved high-throughput analysis of multiple classes of steroid hormones,with lower detection limits and higher recoveries.Overall,this method provided rapid sample preparation,high sensitivity,and excellent stability,making it suitable for the direct analysis of trace steroid hormones in surface water.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics,clinical features and distribution of pathogens isolated from the burn wound patients with infections in a northwestern hospital from 2014 to 2023 so as to provide bases for prevention and treatment of burn wound infections in the northwestern region.METHODS The epidemiological characteristics,clinical features and distribution of pathogenic isolated from the burn wound patients with infections who were treated in the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force from 2014 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS A total of 2122 burn wound patients were enrolled in the study,397(18.71％)of whom had infections,including 306(14.42％)patients with community-acquired infections and 91(4.29％)patients with hospital-acquired infections.The proportion infections was higher among the patients aged no less than 60 years old(63/154)than among the patients aged less than 14 years old(231/983)and the pa-tients aged between 14 and 60 years old(103/985)(x2=108.840,P＜0.001).The proportion of infections was higher among the patients with the burn wound depth no less than grade Ⅲ(146/458)than among the patients with the burn wound depth no less than grade Ⅱ(251/1664)(x2=66.600,P＜0.001).The proportion infections was higher among the patients with burn wounds in limbs(370/1881)than among the patients with burn wounds in other sites(1153/1987)(x2=47.244,P＜0.001).The isolation rates of methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus epidermidis and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains showed downward trends from 2014 to 2023,the isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and the third generation cephalo-sporins-resistant Escherichia coli showed upward trends,however,there were no significant differences.CONCLUSIONS The patients with no less than 60 years of age,no lower than grade Ⅲ of burn wound depth and burn wounds in limbs are more likely to have burn wound infections.S.aureus is the predominant species of pathogens causing the infections.The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae strains and the third generation cephalosporins-resistant E.coli strains show upward trends.It is necessary to take targeted prevention and treatment measures for the burn wound infections.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics,clinical features and distribution of pathogens isolated from the burn wound patients with infections in a northwestern hospital from 2014 to 2023 so as to provide bases for prevention and treatment of burn wound infections in the northwestern region.METHODS The epidemiological characteristics,clinical features and distribution of pathogenic isolated from the burn wound patients with infections who were treated in the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force from 2014 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS A total of 2122 burn wound patients were enrolled in the study,397(18.71％)of whom had infections,including 306(14.42％)patients with community-acquired infections and 91(4.29％)patients with hospital-acquired infections.The proportion infections was higher among the patients aged no less than 60 years old(63/154)than among the patients aged less than 14 years old(231/983)and the pa-tients aged between 14 and 60 years old(103/985)(x2=108.840,P＜0.001).The proportion of infections was higher among the patients with the burn wound depth no less than grade Ⅲ(146/458)than among the patients with the burn wound depth no less than grade Ⅱ(251/1664)(x2=66.600,P＜0.001).The proportion infections was higher among the patients with burn wounds in limbs(370/1881)than among the patients with burn wounds in other sites(1153/1987)(x2=47.244,P＜0.001).The isolation rates of methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus epidermidis and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains showed downward trends from 2014 to 2023,the isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and the third generation cephalo-sporins-resistant Escherichia coli showed upward trends,however,there were no significant differences.CONCLUSIONS The patients with no less than 60 years of age,no lower than grade Ⅲ of burn wound depth and burn wounds in limbs are more likely to have burn wound infections.S.aureus is the predominant species of pathogens causing the infections.The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae strains and the third generation cephalosporins-resistant E.coli strains show upward trends.It is necessary to take targeted prevention and treatment measures for the burn wound infections.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D printing -assisted percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 60 patients with LDH who received treatment at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from January 2020 to June 2023. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups using the random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The control group received conventional PTED, while the observation group underwent 3D printing -assisted PTED. Surgical indicators, including operation time, number of fluoroscopy sessions, and number of needle punctures, as well as clinical efficacy assessed at 3 months postoperatively, were compared between the two groups. Results:The observation group had a significantly lower number of punctures [(2.17 ± 0.68) times] compared with the control group [(5.01 ± 2.15) times]. The operation time in the observation group [(64.31 ± 8.33) minutes] was significantly shorter than that in the control group [(71.89 ± 8.72) minutes]. The observation group had fewer fluoroscopy sessions [(12.27 ± 2.61) times] compared with the control group [(19.20 ± 2.67) times]. All differences were statistically significant ( t = 11.90, 3.63, 10.16, all P < 0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, the rates of excellent and good clinical outcomes according to the MacNab criteria were 96.67% (29/30) in the observation group and 93.33% (28/30) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 0.00, P = 1.000). Conclusion:Preoperative planning utilizing 3D printing technology can effectively assist with the puncture during PTED. It can enhance the efficiency and safety of the procedure, reduce radiation exposure, and exhibit significant application value.

Objective:To explore the effects of computer-navigated surgery and traditional surgery on the functional and oncological outcomes of pelvic chondrosarcoma.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 136 cases of pelvic chondrosarcoma surgically treated at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2000 to December 2017. There were 65 males and 71 females with an average age of 46.07±13.37 years (range 13-73 years). There were 120 primary cases and 16 secondary cases, of which 109 cases were ordinary chondrosarcoma (7 cases with pathological differentiation grade I, 83 cases with grade II. There were 109 cases of common type chondrosarcoma (7 cases of pathological differentiation grade I, 83 cases of grade II, 19 cases of grade III), 21 cases of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma, 3 cases of mesenchymal type, 2 cases of clear cell type, 1 case of mucinous type; 12 cases of malignant degeneration of multilocular chondrosarcoma of bone; 104 cases of Enneking staging stage IB, 32 cases of stage IIB. According to the pelvis zone classification, there were 14 cases of pelvic zone I, 1 case of zone II, 13 cases of zone III, 16 cases of zone I+II, 16 cases of zone I+IV, 47 cases of zone II+III, 25 cases of zone I+II+III, 25 cases of zone I+II+III, 4 cases of zone I + II + III + IV. All cases were classified as intracapsular, marginal, or wide resection according to the resection boundary classification. There were 45 cases in computer-navigated surgery (navigated group) and 91 cases in non-navigated surgery group. The demographic data, preoperative tumor staging, surgical characteristics, surgical boundary classification, oncological indexes, reconstruction methods, postoperative complications, and bone and soft tissue tumor function score (Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score, MSTS) were compared between the two groups.Results:No surgical complications related to the computerized navigation system occurred in the navigation group. The postoperative follow-up time was 68.56±37.82 months (range 6-197 months) and 76.85±52.60 months (range 5-225 months) for the navigation and non-navigation groups, respectively. The MSTS was 25.43±2.85 and 24.56±4.19 points in the navigation and non-navigation groups, respectively, with no significant difference ( t=1.191, P=0.237). There were 10 cases of marginal resection and 35 cases of wide resection in the navigation group, and 12 cases of intracapsular resection, 32 cases of marginal resection and 47 cases of wide resection in the non-navigation group with significant difference (χ 2=10.977, P=0.004). There were 4 cases (8.9%, 4/45) of local recurrence after surgery in the navigation group and 20 cases (21.9%, 20/91) in the non-navigation group, with significant difference (χ 2=4.040, P=0.046). There were 2 cases of final amputation and 2 cases of re-excision with recurrence in the navigation group and 6 cases of final amputation and 14 cases of re-excision in the non-navigation group. Distant metastases occurred in 3 cases (7%, 3/45) in the navigation group and 18 cases (20%, 18/91) in the non-navigation group wtih significant difference (χ 2=4.478, P=0.034). The five-year postoperative survival rates of the navigation and non-navigation groups were 93.3% and 72.6%, and the three- and five-year progression-free survival rates were 91.1% and 84.4% and 74.8% and 62.7%, respectively, with significant differences (χ 2=5.081, P=0.024; χ 2=6.800, P=0.009). The five-year survival rate of stage IB tumors was 96.7% in the navigation group and 84.5% in the non-navigation group with significant difference (χ 2=3.897, P=0.048); the five-year survival rate of stage IIB tumors was 75.0% in the navigation group and 35.0% in the non-navigation group with no significant difference ( P>0.05). Postoperative complications included 15 cases of postoperative infection, 16 cases of deep vein thrombosis, 14 cases of double lower limb inequality, 2 cases of prosthesis dislocation, 2 cases of lymphedema, 1 case of hernia and 1 case of allograft bone resorption. There was no significant difference of complication rates between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Computer navigation-assisted resection of pelvic chondrosarcoma was better in obtaining a safe surgical border of the tumor compared with traditional surgery, reducing the rate of local recurrence of the tumor and thus effectively improved the survival and prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)combined with 3D printing technology for the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture.Methods A total of 77 patients with thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures from October 2020 to April 2022 were included in the study,all of which were vertebral body compression fractures caused by trauma.According to different treatment methods,they were di-vided into experimental group and control group.Thirty-two patients used 3D printing technology to improve unilateral transpedicle puncture vertebroplasty in the experimental group,there were 5 males and 27 females,aged from 63 to 91 years old with an average of(77.59±8.75)years old.Forty-five patients were treated with traditional bilateral pedicle puncture vertebroplasty,including 7 males and 38 females,aged from 60 to 88 years old with an average of(74.89±7.37)years old.Operation time,intraoperative C-arm X-ray times,anesthetic dosage,bone cement injection amount,bone cement diffusion good and good rate,complications,vertebral height,kyphotic angle(Cobb angle),visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI)and other indicators were recorded before and after surgery,and statistically analyzed.Results All patients were followed up for 6 to 23 months,with preoperative imaging studies,confirmed for thoracolumbar osteoporosis com-pression fractures,two groups of patients with postoperative complications,no special two groups of patients'age,gender,body mass index(BMI),time were injured,the injured vertebral distribution had no statistical difference(P＞0.05),comparable data.Two groups of patients with bone cement injection,bone cement dispersion rate,preoperative and postoperative vertebral body height,protruding after spine angle(Cobb angle),VAS,ODI had no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The operative time,intra-operative fluoroscopy times and anesthetic dosage were statistically different between the two groups(P＜0.05).Compared with the traditional bilateral puncture group,the modified unilateral puncture group combined with 3D printing technology had shorter operation time,fewer intraoperative fluoroscopy times and less anesthetic dosage.The height of anterior vertebral edge,kyphosis angle(Cobb angle),VAS score and ODI of the affected vertebrae were statistically different between two groups at each time point after surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures,3D printing technology is used to improve unilateral puncture PVP,which is convenient and simple,less trauma,short operation time,fewer fluoroscopy times,satisfactory distribution of bone cement,vertebral height recovery and kyphotic Angle correction,and good functional improvement.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D printing -assisted percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 60 patients with LDH who received treatment at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from January 2020 to June 2023. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups using the random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The control group received conventional PTED, while the observation group underwent 3D printing -assisted PTED. Surgical indicators, including operation time, number of fluoroscopy sessions, and number of needle punctures, as well as clinical efficacy assessed at 3 months postoperatively, were compared between the two groups. Results:The observation group had a significantly lower number of punctures [(2.17 ± 0.68) times] compared with the control group [(5.01 ± 2.15) times]. The operation time in the observation group [(64.31 ± 8.33) minutes] was significantly shorter than that in the control group [(71.89 ± 8.72) minutes]. The observation group had fewer fluoroscopy sessions [(12.27 ± 2.61) times] compared with the control group [(19.20 ± 2.67) times]. All differences were statistically significant ( t = 11.90, 3.63, 10.16, all P < 0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, the rates of excellent and good clinical outcomes according to the MacNab criteria were 96.67% (29/30) in the observation group and 93.33% (28/30) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 0.00, P = 1.000). Conclusion:Preoperative planning utilizing 3D printing technology can effectively assist with the puncture during PTED. It can enhance the efficiency and safety of the procedure, reduce radiation exposure, and exhibit significant application value.

In this study, according to TCM theory of "liver qi stagnation forming fire", emotional stress mice model was employed to evaluate the protective effects of Qingre Xiaoyanning on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) induced reactivation. The animal experimental protocol has been reviewed and approved by Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jinan University, in compliance with the Institutional Animal Care Guidelines. BALB/c mice were divided into six groups, including mock group, HSV-1 latency group, HSV-1 reactivation group (HSV-1 latency + stress), low (0.658 g·kg^-1·day^-1) and high dose (1.316 g·kg^-1·day^-1) of Qingre Xiaoyanning groups and positive control group (acyclovir, 0.206 g·kg^-1·day^-1). Except for the normal group and HSV-1 latency group, all mice in other groups received a daily 12-h restraint stress for 4 days. After 7-day treatment of drugs, body weight and recurrent eye infections of mice were recorded. Brain tissues were harvested to monitor HSV-1 antigen distribution by immunohistochemical staining and detect virus titer by plaque assay. In the meantime, the mRNA and protein levels of infected cell polypeptide (ICP27) and glycoprotein B (gB) in the brain tissues were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The level of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins were measured by Western blot. The evaluation of malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the brain tissues was conducted by MDA assay commercial kit. The results showed that Qingre Xiaoyanning significantly retarded the decline of body weight of mice induced by HSV-1 reactivation, reduced the activation rate of HSV-1 and recurrent eye infections, declined virus titer of HSV-1, down-regulated gene and protein expressions of ICP27 and gB, and hindered the distribution of HSV-1 antigen in the brain of mice. Meanwhile, Qingre Xiaoyanning also decreased the protein expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, including DMT1, TFR1 and ALOX15 in the brain tissue of HSV-1 reactivated mice. The levels of lipid peroxidation products, 4-HNE and MDA, were also reduced by Qingre Xiaoyanning treatment. All the above results indicate that Qingre Xiaoyanning significantly inhibited HSV-1 reactivation by restraint stress, which might be related to the regulation of ferroptosis. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the application of "clearing liver-fire" TCM on treatmenting HSV-1 reactivation-related symptoms.