Objective? To explore the status of family resilience, negative emotions and exercise compliance in patients receiving chemotherapy after surgery for breast cancer and to analyze the correlation between family resilience and negative emotions, exercise compliance. Methods? Patients receiving chemotherapy after surgery for breast cancer in Yancheng Third People's Hospital from March 2016 to March 2018 were selected using convenient sampling. Their family resilience, negative emotions and exercise compliance were evaluated with the family resilience scale, Self-Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Depression Scale (SDS) and exercise compliance scale. Spearman analysis was used for correlation analysis. Results? The total score of family resilience in the patients averaged (3.75±0.59); the score of depression totalled (41.52±9.12);the score of depression totaled (46.39±9.87); and the total score of exercise compliance in these patients was (51.32±7.85). Family resilience was negatively correlated with the patients' negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, but positively correlated with exercise compliance (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions? Low family resilience levels, anxiety and depression, and poor exercise compliance are found in patients receiving chemotherapy after surgery for breast cancer. The patients' family resilience is negatively correlated with negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, but positively correlated with exercise compliance.