Objective: To investigate the prevalence of undernutrition and its associated factors among left behind and non left behind primary and secondary school students in the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students (NIPRCES) areas of central and western China, so as to provide evidence for improving the nutritional status of children and adolescents. Methods: A survey was conducted among 123 782 students selected by random cluster sampling method in grades 3-9 from NIPRCES in central (Hebei, Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, and Hainan) and western (Gansu, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xinjiang, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Yunnan, Qinghai, and Chongqing) China in 2023. Anthropometric measurements and questionnaires were used to assess nutritional and dietary status. The prevalence of undernutrition was compared between left behind and non left behind students by Chi square test, and associated factors were analyzed by three level Logistic mixed effects model. Results: The prevalence of undernutrition was 8.5% (4 326) in left behind students and 8.1% (5 905) in non left behind students. Three level Logistic mixed effect model analysis showed that whether left behind or non left behind, the undernutrition rates of primary and secondary students in western regions were higher than those of students in central regions [ OR (95% CI )=1.72(1.57-1.87),2.25(2.07- 2.43 )]; the undernutrition risk was lower for those whose fathers had a cultural level of high school or above [ OR (95% CI )=0.69(0.62-0.77),0.90(0.82-0.98)] or junior high school [ OR (95% CI )=0.72(0.66-0.79),0.92(0.85-0.99)] compared to those with primary school or below; picky eating or selective eating increased the risk of undernutrition [ OR (95% CI )=2.36(2.07-2.68),2.28(2.04-2.55)], and primary and secondary school students without nutritional content in health education classes had higher rates of undernutrition [ OR (95% CI )=1.12(1.03-1.23),1.09(1.01-1.17)](all P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of undernutrition is slightly higher in left behind primary and secondary students than in non left behind primary and secondary students in central and western NIPRCES areas, with variations across different characteristics.

Objective: To analyze the trends of the frequency of meat, egg, and milk consumption among rural primary and junior high school students in central and western China covered by the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students (NIPRCES) from 2015 to 2023, so as to provide basis for formulating more targeted nutrition intervention policies and health education strategies. Methods: Using data from six rounds of monitoring and evaluation (2015-2021 and 2023), the study included 323 870 students from grade 3 to 9 across 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in central and western China. The consumption frequencies of meat, egg, and milk over the past week were collected via questionnaires. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze temporal trends, and multivariable Logistic regression models were employed to analyze factors associated with the frequency of meat, egg and milk consumption and to test for interaction effects between the year and gender, region, and grade level. Results: From 2015 to 2023, the proportion of students consuming meat, egg, and milk ≥1 time/day increased from 23.20 %, 10.71%, and 0.74% to 35.53%, 22.09%, and 26.63%, respectively. Trend tests indicated a significant upward trend for the daily intake of all three food categories for meat, egg and milk over the years ( Z =67.18, 64.90, 93.14, all P <0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that the daily meat intake was lower in the central region than in the western region ( OR=0.77, 95%CI =0.76-0.78), whereas the daily intake of eggs ( OR=1.19, 95%CI =1.17-1.22) and milk ( OR= 1.27 , 95%CI =1.24-1.29) was higher in the central region (all P <0.05). Compared with grade 3-4 students, junior high school students had lower daily intake of meat, eggs, and milk≥1 time/day ( OR =0.95, 0.77, 0.77, all P <0.05), with a declining trend as grade increased. Girls also had lower daily intake of meat, eggs, and milk ≥1 time/day than boys ( OR =0.95，0.93，0.91, all P < 0.05). Significant interactions were observed between year and region, as well as between year and grade (all P <0.05). Conclusion From 2015 to 2023, the NIPRCES improved the intake level of among rural students, but the situation of relatively insufficient intake of egg and milk among females, junior high school students and those in the western region still exists.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitoring counties of China s Rural Compulsory Education Nutrition Improvement Program, so as to provide a basis for prevention and psychological intervention of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in rural areas. Methods: In November 2022, a stratified random sampling method was adopted to collect height and weight data, basic personal and family information of 7 949 primary and secondary school students from grade three to grade nine through physical measurements and questionnaires in 56 key monitoring schools implementing the Student Nutrition Improvement Program in 7 in depth monitoring counties (Jalaid Banner in Inner Mongolia, Jinzhai County in Anhui, Mao Xian in Sichuan, Tiandeng County in Guangxi, Mian County in Shaanxi, Zhaozhou County in Heilongjiang and Youxi County in Fujian), and to obtain the information related to their depressive symptoms through the self assessment questionnaire on depression. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students, as well as their related factors. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitored counties was 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of detecting depressive symptoms was higher among female students, middle school students, students whose video screen duration per day was >2 h, and students whose parents marital status was divorced or widowed ( OR =1.40, 1.64, 1.60, 1.24), and students whose sleep duration reached the recommended standard, whose parents usually accompanied them daily for time was 60-<120 min and ≥120 min, and students whose mothers literacy level was middle school graduation had lower probability of detecting depressive symptoms ( OR =0.85, 0.84, 0.71, 0.76) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among students in the in depth monitoring area is high, and targeted interventions need to be developed for students to reduce the risk of mental health problems.

Objective: To analyze the features of unhealthy lifestyle patterns among primary and secondary school students in the nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students (NIPRCES) areas in China in 2021 and 2023, so as to provide data support for lifestyle promotion and healthy development among primary and secondary school students. Methods: Adopting a cluster random sampling method, data on primary and secondary students aged 7-15 years from nutrition and health surveillance of China NIPRCES in 2021 and 2023 were collected. The prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among primary and secondary students such as physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, excessive screen time, and sleep deprivation by gender, school section, urban/rural, and region were analyzed. The reporting rates of the above indicators among primary and secondary students were compared by Chi-square test. Results: In 2021 and 2023, the rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity among primary and secondary school students were 79.2% and 80.4%, the rates of outdoor inactivity were 42.8% and 49.3%, the rates of excessive video time were 2.6% and 2.9%, the rates of sleep deprivation were 32.9% and 22.6%, and the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=51.86,1 071.48,18.36,3 296.99, P <0.05). In 2023, the rate of outdoor inactivity for primary and secondary students increased by 6.5 percentage points compared with 2021, and the rate of sleep deprivation decreased by 10.3 percentage points compared with that in 2021. In 2021 and 2023, the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and sleep deprivation among girls and junior high school students were higher than those among boys ( χ 2=174.41,180.11; 175.75, 85.46 ;92.22,151.35) and elementary school students ( χ 2=136.64,5.75; 40.55,4.71;162.80,3 291.61); the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity( χ 2=194.43,118.60) and sleep deprivation ( χ 2=969.66,983.72) among urban students were higher than those among rural students; the reporting rates of excessive video time for boys and junior high school students were higher than those for girls ( χ 2=103.62,84.85) and elementary school students ( χ 2=810.09,626.51)( P <0.05). From a regional distribution perspective, the reporting rates of moderato to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and excessive video time among primary and seconday school students in the central and western regions were lower than those in the eastern region ( χ 2= 663.44,302.78; 356.97,82.10;50.89,81.83) ( P <0.05). Conclusions Unhealthy lifestyles remain prevalent among primary and secondary students in NIPRCES areas of China. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy implementation for promoting healthy lifestyles among primary and secondary school students.

Objective To screen out significant differential genes for predicting the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and select the most suitable breast cancer patients for NAC. Methods A total of 60 breast cancer patients' samples before and after NAC were collected for high-throughput RNA-Seq. We selected AHNAK, CIDEA, ADIPOQ and AKAP12 as the candidate genes that related to tumor chemotherapeutic resistance. We analyzed the correlation of AHNAK, CIDEA, ADIPOQ, AKAP12 expression levels with the effect of NAC by logistic regression analysis, constructed a prediction model and demonstrated the model by the nomogram. Results AHNAK, CIDEA, ADIPOQ and AKAP12 expression were up-regulated in the residual tumor tissues of non-pCR group after NAC(P < 0.05). Compared with pCR group, non-pCR group presented higher expression levels of AHNAK, CIDEA, ADIPOQ and AKAP12 (P < 0.05). The high expression levels of AHNAK, CIDEA, ADIPOQ and AKAP12 significantly reduced the pCR rate of NAC for breast cancer (P < 0.05). Our prediction model which AHNAK, CIDEA, ADIPOQ and AKAP12 were involved in showed a good fitting effect with H1 test (χ²=6.3967, P=0.4945) and the ROC curve (AUC 0.8249, 95%CI: 0.722-0.9271). Conclusion AHNAK, CIDEA, ADIPOQ and AKAP12 may be novel marker genes for NAC effect on breast cancer. The efficacy prediction model based on this result is expected to be a new method to select the optimal patients of breast cancer for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of group psychotherapy on relieving anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with alcohol dependence.Methods:Totally 117 patients with alcohol dependence accompanied with anxiety and depression symptoms were selected from the Second People's Hospital of Puer City from 2014 January 1 to December 31.The anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS).They were divided into drug combined group (intervention group,n =89) and single drug treatment group (control group,n =88).The two groups were administrated diazepam replacement therapy,and the intervention group combined group psychotherapy.Eight weeks later,treatment effect of the two groups were evaluated with the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI).Results:After intervention,the scores of SAS,SDS,BPRS,and CGI in intervention group decreased [(21.1 ±8.3) vs.(65.3± 10.2),(35.1 ±3.5) vs.(51.7 ±5.6),(4.3 ± 1) vs.(5.4 ±0.6),Ps ＜0.05].There was no significant difference in above scores between before and after treatment in the control group (Ps ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:The effect of group psychotherapy on the basis of medicine may be better than that of single drug therapy on relieving anxiety and depression in patients with alcohol dependence.

Objective To explore clinical application value of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technology to decrease postoperative complication after breast cancer surgery.Methods Randomized controlled trial,large sample size,multicenter study design were adopted,and 200 patients who met inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group (100 cases in each group).The control group received routine nursing methods after breast cancer surgery.The treatment group received routine nursing methods as well as Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing intervention,such as auricular application pressure,acupoint sticking,meridian moxibustion.Data of arm circumference,Athens insomnia scale(AIS),symptom in affected arm were collected a week before and after surgery,and range of motion of shoulder joint was evaluated 3 months after surgery to compare postoperative subcutaneous effusion,skin flap necrosis,limb edema,sleep disorder and occurrence of shoulder joint dysfunction in two groups.Results The cases developed postoperative subcutaneous effusion,skin flap necrosis,limb edema were different in two groups,but the differences were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).There were significant differences between two groups in affected arm pain,swelling,skin tension,sleep,and shoulder joint dysfunction after 3 months(P＜0.05).Conclusion Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technology can effectively decrease postoperative complication after breast cancer surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily determine the gene mutation frequency and the hotspots in Henan province, we analysed the deafness-related gene mutation in patients with non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). METHOD: Genomic DNA samples of 100 patients with NSHL in Henan province were extracted from peripheral blood after clinical history inquiry and clinical examination, Four common deafness genes GJB2, SLC26A4, mitochondrial 12SrRNA, and GJB3 were detected by Sanger sequencing method,and then data analysis were conducted. RESULT: Among 100 patients with NSHL. the gene mutation frequency was 44%. In these patients, 29 cases had GJB2 mutations, 13 cases had SLC26A4 gene mutations, and 3 cases had mitochondrial 12SrRNA mutations. CONCLUSION Among the patients with NSHL in Henan province, the most frequent mutation causing hereditary deafness was mutation in GJB2, followed by SLC26A4,and it will provide a theoretical basis to determine the etiology of deafness in Henan Province.
China ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Deafness ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; Sulfate Transporters

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of black plastic mulching in mountainous areas of Yunnan Prov-ince. Methods In Leqiu Village,Nanjian County,Yunnan Province,the terraced fields with Oncomelania hupensis snails were divided into A,B,C,D,E groups,and of which,A,B,C,D groups,as the experimental groups,were administered with sim-ple black plastic mulching for 30 days,60 days,90 days and 120 days respectively;Group E,as the control group,was adminis-tered with 50%niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder spraying. Results In Group C and D(simple black film mulching for 90 days and 120 days),no snails were found after the administration,the average density of living snails decreased by 100%, and the cost of one year was similar to that of the control group. Conclusion The molluscicidal effect of black plastic mulching is good in mountainous areas.

Objective Atherosclerosis is widely accepted as a chronic inflammatory disease. Serum biomarkers for vulnerable plaques not only serve as diagnostic tools for the identification of patients with acute coro-nary syndrome, but also assist the identification of high-risk patients. However, the existing data are limited and conflicting. In the present study, we determined whether the plasma levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are correlated with adverse cardiac outcomes in patients with ST-evaluate acute myocardial infarction (STEAMI) undergoing pri-mary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Effect of the plasma intedeukin-1β level on prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Method This prospective single-center study included 96 patients with SIEAMI with onset < 12 h who underwent primary PCI, 271 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 148 control subjects without coronary artery disease who were consecutively admitted to hospital be-tween Mar, 2006 and Mar, 2008. Plasma IL-1β levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in all subjects. The patients with STEAMI were then followed prospectively for the occurrence of major adverse car-diac events (MACE) (including cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardio-genie shock) during hospitalization. We determined the association between IL-1β levels with the risk of MACE using multivariate logistic regression. Results Compared with the SAP patients and control subjects, patients with STEAMI had higher levels of IL-1β (P < 0.05). During hospitalization, 32 patients (33.3%) experienced MACE [23 males, 9 females; age: (75.44±13.45) years]. In the STEAMI patients, IL-1β was elevated in patients with MACE compared with patients without MACE (median [range]: 26.52 [12.010 to 155.244] pg/mL vs 2.157 [0.433 to 83.021] pg/mL; P < 0.01) by non-parameter analysis. Significant and positive correlations be-tween IL-1β and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) (r = 0.353, P =0.004) were observed by Spearman's correlations analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that IL-1β levels ≥20 pg/mL were significantly and in-dependently associated with MACE during hospitalization (odds ratio: 32.05; 95% confidence interval: 4.28 to 240.151; P =0.001). Conclusions The present study revealed that patients with STEAMI had elevated IL-1β levels on admission. The plasma IL- 1β level is an independent inflammatory predictor for in-hospital MACE in pa-tients with STEAMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.