Colorectal cancer （CRC） is one of the most common cancers， with its incidence ranking high among cancers. It stands as the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the early stages， CRC lacks specific symptoms， and most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages， making it a major research focus in the field of gastrointestinal tumors. Currently， clinical CRC treatments face several common challenges， including high surgical risks， frequent metastasis and recurrence， drug resistance， and significant side effects from chemotherapy and radiation therapy. With the development and application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， it has been found that TCM and its active ingredients can effectively inhibit CRC cell proliferation， invasion， migration， and angiogenesis， and promote apoptosis and autophagy， thereby slowing the progression of CRC. This has become a key focus of CRC treatment research. Salvia Miltiorrhiza has multiple pharmacological effects， including activating blood circulation to dispel blood stasis， unlocking meridians to relieve pain， clearing heat to calm irritability， and cooling blood to reduce abscesses. It contains a variety of chemical components， including diterpenoids， phenolic acids， flavonoids， polysaccharides， nitrogen-containing compounds， steroids， and lactone compounds. This review summarized the molecular mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its active ingredients in the treatment of CRC. It is found that these ingredients exert anti-CRC effects through various molecular mechanisms， including cell cycle arrest， promotion of apoptosis， inhibition of cell invasion and migration， induction of autophagy， suppression of tumor angiogenesis， and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. The review aims to provide new insights for the drug development and clinical application of Salvia miltiorrhiza in CRC treatment.

Hypoxia and aberrant activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are considered important features of various malignancies. However, whether hypoxia can directly trigger EGFR activation and its clinical implications remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that in oral cancer, a typical hypoxic tumor, hypoxia can induce chronic but constitutive phosphorylation of wild-type EGFR in the absence of ligands. Oral cancer cell lines exhibit different EGFR phosphorylation responses to hypoxia. In hypoxic HN4 and HN6 cells, ubiquitination-mediated endocytosis, lysosomal sorting, and degradation lead to low levels of EGFR phosphorylation. However, in CAL-27 and HN30 cells, a novel HIF-1α-induced long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), EUDAL, can compete with the E3 ligase/adaptor complex c-Cbl/Grb2 for binding to EGFR, stabilizing phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR) and resulting in sustained activation of EGFR and its downstream STAT3/BNIP3 signaling. STAT3/BNIP3-mediated autophagy leads to antitumor drug resistance. A high EUDAL/EGFR/STAT3/autophagy pathway activation predicts poor response to chemotherapy in oral cancer patients. Collectively, hypoxia can induce noncanonical ligand-independent EGFR phosphorylation. High EUDAL expression facilitates sustained EGFR phosphorylation in hypoxic tumor cells and leads to autophagy-related drug resistance.
Humans ; ErbB Receptors/metabolism* ; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology* ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Phosphorylation ; Signal Transduction ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism* ; Cell Hypoxia ; Autophagy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term effectiveness of Ilizarov technique combined with steel needle internal fixation in treating Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) of the foot and ankle. METHODS: Between June 2020 and December 2023, 12 patients with Eichenholtz stage Ⅲ CN of the foot and ankle were treated with Ilizarov technique and steel needle internal fixation. There were 9 males and 3 females with an average age of 48.6 years (range, 19-66 years). The disease duration ranged from 1 to 16 months (mean, 6.8 months). Ankle joint involvement predominated in 7 cases, while midfoot involvement occurred in 5 cases; 3 cases presented with skin ulceration and soft tissue infection. Preoperative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was 31.2±9.0, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36)-Physical Component Summary (PCS) score was 32.6±6.8, and Mental Component Summary (MCS) score was 47.8±8.4. Postoperative assessments included wound healing, regular X-ray film/CT evaluations of fusion status, and effectiveness via AOFAS and SF-36-PCS, MCS scores. RESULTS: All operations were successfully completed without neurovascular complication. Two patients experienced delayed wound healing requiring intervention, and the others achieved primary healing. All patients were followed up 15-43 months (mean, 23.3 months). Imaging confirmed successful joint fusion within 13-21 weeks (mean, 16.8 weeks). At last follow-up, the AOFAS score was 72.5±6.4, and the SF-36-PCS and MCS scores were 63.2±8.4 and 76.7±5.3, respectively, all of which improved compared to preoperative levels, with significant differences ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION Ilizarov technique combined with steel needle internal fixation effectively restores walking function and achieves satisfactory short-term effectiveness in CN of the foot and ankle.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Ilizarov Technique ; Arthropathy, Neurogenic/surgery* ; Aged ; Ankle Joint/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Needles ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Steel ; Young Adult ; Foot Joints/surgery*

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)for rapid detection of neonatal infectious pathogens.Methods Biological samples(cord blood and neonatal blood or sputum within 48 hours of birth)of 167 suspected neonates and premature infants delivered in Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2021 to December 2022 were collected and tested by LAMP method and bacterial culture method respectively.The results of the two methods were compared consistent-ly.Using the bacterial culture method as the standard,the positive rate of LAMP method was evaluated in de-tecting common pathogens in neonatal infections.Results Among the 167 specimens,the positive rate of pathogen detection by LAMP method(24.0％)was higher than that by bacterial culture method(15.0％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=4.30,P＜0.05).The positive rate of LAMP method for detecting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was higher than that of bacterial culture method,and the difference was statistically significant(x2=15.59,P＜0.01).Conclusion Compared with bacterial culture method,LAMP method has a higher positive rate for detecting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,and can quickly and accurately diagnose the pathogenic bacteria of neonatal infections,providing a basis for the rapid development of clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for portal hypertension, which should aid the development of TIPS in China.Methods:The China Portal Hypertension Alliance (CHESS) initiated this study that comprehensively investigated the basic situation of TIPS for portal hypertension in China through network research. The survey included the following: the number of surgical cases, main indications, the development of Early-TIPS, TIPS for portal vein cavernous transformation, collateral circulation embolization, intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurement, commonly used stent types, conventional anticoagulation and time, postoperative follow-up, obstacles, and the application of domestic instruments.Results:According to the survey, a total of 13 527 TIPS operations were carried out in 545 hospitals participating in the survey in 2021, and 94.1% of the hospital had the habit of routine follow-up after TIPS. Most hospitals believed that the main indications of TIPS were the control of acute bleeding (42.6%) and the prevention of rebleeding (40.7%). 48.1% of the teams carried out early or priority TIPS, 53.0% of the teams carried out TIPS for the cavernous transformation of the portal vein, and 81.0% chose routine embolization of collateral circulation during operation. Most of them used coils and biological glue as embolic materials, and 78.5% of the team routinely performed intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurements. In selecting TIPS stents, 57.1% of the hospitals woulel choose Viator-specific stents, 57.2% woulel choose conventional anticoagulation after TIPS, and the duration of anticoagulation was between 3-6 months (55.4%). The limitation of TIPS surgery was mainly due to cost (72.3%) and insufficient understanding of doctors in related departments (77.4%). Most teams accepted the domestic instruments used in TIPS (92.7%).Conclusions:This survey shows that TIPS treatment is an essential part of treating portal hypertension in China. The total number of TIPS cases is far from that of patients with portal hypertension. In the future, it is still necessary to popularize TIPS technology and further standardize surgical indications, routine operations, and instrument application.

Objective:To determine incidence of seasonal influenza virus infection in the community and to analyze the factors influencing seasonal influenza virus infection.Methods:This study recruited residents aged 6-59 years to build a cohort in 15 villages/streets in Macheng city in November 2019. Meanwhile, a cross-sectional baseline survey was conducted immediately to collect sera, information on demographics and child protection knowledge, behaviors, as well as attitudes using a questionnaire from the participants enrolled in the cohort (i.e., before the influenza epidemic season). In July 2020, a cross-sectional follow-up survey was conducted to collect sera once again (i.e., after the influenza season). Paired sera from the two cross-sectional surveys were tested for influenza virus-specific antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test or micro-neutralization (MN) test using a circulating representative strain of each subtype/lineage of influenza virus as the test antigen. The infections with influenza virus subtype/lineage was confirmed if there was a four-fold or more increase in titers of antibodies against circulating representative strain of the subtype/lineage of influenza virus. Factors influencing infection with influenza A (H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.Results:In November 2019, 800 study participants were enrolled in the cohort, including 340 children aged 6-17 years and 460 adults aged 18-59 years; 605 study participants (including 224 children and 381 adults) were followed up in July 2020 and their paired sera were obtained before and after the influenza season. 25.3% (153/605) of the participants were confirmed to be infected with at least one subtype/lineage of seasonal influenza virus by HI and MN tests. The overall incidence of influenza viruses of all subtypes/lineages in children was 44.2% (95% CI: 37.6%-50.8%) which was significantly higher than the incidence of 14.1% in adults (95% CI: 10.7%-17.7%). Children had the highest incidence of influenza A (H3N2) virus infection, followed by B/Victoria. MN or HI antibody titers in A (H3N2)[ OR=0.88 (95% CI: 0.84-0.93)] and B/Victoria[ OR=0.97 (95% CI: 0.95-0.99)] before the influenza season were significantly associated with whether children were infected with that subtype/lineage of influenza virus. Conclusions:The residents aged 6-59 years in Macheng city had a substantial incidence of seasonal influenza virus infection during the influenza season from winter 2019 to spring 2020. Notably, almost half of children aged 6-17 years have been infected with seasonal influenza virus. Higher titers of HI/MN antibodies against seasonal influenza virus before the influenza season would be likely to reduce the risk of infection with influenza A (H3N2) and B/Victoria.

Background::Findings on the association of genetic factors and colorectal cancer (CRC) survival are limited and inconsistent, and revealing the mechanism underlying their prognostic roles is of great importance. This study aimed to explore the relationship between functional genetic variations and the prognosis of CRC and further reveal the possible mechanism.Methods::We first systematically performed expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Then, the Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to filter out the survival-related eQTL target genes of CRC patients in two public datasets (TCGA and GSE39582 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database). The seven most potentially functional eQTL single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with six survival-related eQTL target genes were genotyped in 907 Chinese CRC patients with clinical prognosis data. The regulatory mechanism of the survival-related SNP was further confirmed by functional experiments.Results::The rs71630754 regulating the expression of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 ( ERAP1) was significantly associated with the prognosis of CRC (additive model, hazard ratio [HR]: 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.88, P = 0.012). The results of dual-luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that the A allele of the rs71630754 could increase the binding of transcription factor 3 (TCF3) and subsequently reduce the expression of ERAP1. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that lower expression of ERAP1 could affect the tumor immune microenvironment and was significantly associated with severe survival outcomes. Conclusion::The rs71630754 could influence the prognosis of CRC patients by regulating the expression of the immune-related gene ERAP1. Trial Registration::No. NCT00454519 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/)

Polygoni multiflori radix praeparata is a processed product of Polygoni multiflori radix(Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.),and its main components include stilbene glycosides,anthraquinones,flavonoids,alkaloids,phenolic acids,etc.It has antioxidant,antianemic,anti-tumor,hypoglycemic,anti-inflammatory effects,etc,and is widely used in clinical practice.The processing technology is mainly stewinging with black bean juice,steaming,processing for 9 times and braising and simmering.After processing,the color deepens and the content of composition changes.By consulting domestic and foreign literature,the research on Polygoni multiflori radix praeparata is not comprehensive enough compared with Polygoni multiflori radix.Therefore,this paper mainly summarizes the processing technology,chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Polygoni multiflori radix preparata reported in the past 20 years,and provides a reference for further development of Polygoni multiflori radix preparata.

Purpose To verify the safety and effectiveness of the Insight NM/CT Pro SPECT/CT Imaging System in clinical applications is verified through clinical validation of the acceptable rate of clinical image quality,commonly use features of the device,ease of use of the machine,satisfaction with the stability of the entire machine and safety evaluation.Materials and Methods A total of 79 subjects who voluntarily participated in the trial from July to October 2022 in the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,were selected to undergo endocrine,circulatory,skeletal,respiratory and urological imaging for multiple systems using the Insight NM/CT Pro SPECT/CT,respectively.The quality of the images,the machine operation and safety were evaluated.Results The image quality of all 79 patients were evaluated.Of 36 cases,there were 35 cases of planar imaging were acceptable;Of 43 cases,there were 42 cases of tomographic imaging were acceptable,with an acceptability rate of 97.22%and 97.67%,respectively,and a lower limit of 95%CI of 85.47%and 87.71%,respectively,which were both higher than those of the target value(83.00%).When the operators performed imaging operations on 79 patients,the common functions of the equipment,the ease of use of the equipment and the stability of the whole machine were evaluated as a satisfaction rate of 100%,with no adverse events.Conclusion Insight NM/CT Pro SPECT/CT effectiveness fully meets the requirements of clinical applications,with clear images of tissue structure,full range of commonly used equipment features,stable system,and superior safety and reliability.

Idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane (iERM) is a kind of fundus disease caused by fibrocellular proliferation over the internal limiting membrane (ILM) followed by deformation and wrinkling of the macula due to traction of the fibrous membranes, leading to vision loss and visual distortion in the affected eye.Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has been widely used in the diagnosis of macular diseases including iERM by virtue of non-invasive, high resolution and stratified display of superficial and deep retinal vessels and quantification of retinal vessel density and non-perfusion area.OCTA can provide information of retinal microvascular structure and blood perfusion under disease conditions, revealing the pulling effect of iERM on the microvascular structure, and it can also be used to evaluate changes in blood flow during the course of disease follow-up.After surgery, OCTA can also be used for follow-up monitoring of microvascular structure and blood flow to further predict vision.Although OCTA cannot completely replace fundus angiography, it has provided richer information about the pathogenesis, disease progression and prognostic factors of iERM.This article reviews the progress of research on the application of OCTA in iERM to provide more insight into the application of OCTA in iERM.